参考文献
关键文献
Fargo MV, Grogan SP, Saguil A. Evaluation of jaundice in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Feb 1;95(3):164-8.全文 摘要
Bajaj JS, O'Leary JG, Lai JC, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure clinical guidelines. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Feb 1;117(2):225-52.全文 摘要
Biggins SW, Angeli P, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome: 2021 practice guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2021 Aug;74(2):1014-48.全文 摘要
American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: jaundice. 2018 [internet publication].全文
参考文献
1. Fargo MV, Grogan SP, Saguil A. Evaluation of jaundice in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Feb 1;95(3):164-8.全文 摘要
2. King D, Armstrong MJ. Overview of Gilbert's syndrome. Drug Ther Bull. 2019 Feb;57(2):27-31. 摘要
3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The ABCs of hepatitis. 2020 [internet publication].全文
4. Mantzoukis K, Rodríguez-Perálvarez M, Buzzetti E, et al. Pharmacological interventions for acute hepatitis B infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Mar 21;(3):CD011645.全文 摘要
5. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the prevention, care and treatment of persons with chronic hepatitis B infection. Mar 2015 [internet publication].全文
6. Niederau C, Lange S, Heintges T, et al. Prognosis of chronic hepatitis C: results of a large, prospective cohort study. Hepatology. 1998 Dec;28(6):1687-95.全文 摘要
7. Chen SL, Morgan TR. The natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Int J Med Sci. 2006;3(2):47-52.全文 摘要
8. Spearman CW, Dusheiko GM, Hellard M, et al. Hepatitis C. Lancet. 2019 Oct 19;394(10207):1451-66. 摘要
9. US Preventive Services Task Force; Owens DK, Davidson KW, Krist AH, et al. Screening for hepatitis C virus infection in adolescents and adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2020 Mar 10;323(10):970-5.全文 摘要
10. Teshale EH, Hu DJ, Holmberg SD. The two faces of hepatitis E virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Aug 1;51(3):328-34.全文 摘要
11. Jilani N, Das BC, Husain SA, et al. Hepatitis E virus infection and fulminant hepatic failure during pregnancy. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 May;22(5):676-82. 摘要
12. Poles MA, Lew EA, Dieterich DT. Diagnosis and treatment of hepatic disease in patients with HIV. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1997 Jun;26(2):291-321. 摘要
13. Whitty CJ, Chiodini PL, Lalloo DG. Investigation and treatment of imported malaria in non-endemic countries. BMJ. 2013 May 21;346:f2900. 摘要
14. Wuerz T, Kane JB, Boggild AK, et al. A review of amoebic liver abscess for clinicians in a nonendemic setting. Can J Gastroenterol. 2012 Oct;26(10):729-33.全文 摘要
15. Costa F, Hagan JE, Calcagno J, et al. Global morbidity and mortality of leptospirosis: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015 Sep 17;9(9):e0003898.全文 摘要
16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Leptospirosis: risk of exposure. Jun 2015 [internet publication].全文
17. De Brito T, Aiello VD, da Silva LF, et al. Human hemorrhagic pulmonary leptospirosis: pathological findings and pathophysiological correlations. PLoS One. 2013 Aug 12;8(8):e71743.全文 摘要
18. Singal AK, Bataller R, Ahn J, et al. ACG clinical guideline: alcoholic liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018 Feb;113(2):175-94.全文 摘要
20. Kullak-Ublick GA, Andrade RJ, Merz M, et al. Drug-induced liver injury: recent advances in diagnosis and risk assessment. Gut. 2017 Jun;66(6):1154-64.全文 摘要
21. Hoofnagle JH, Björnsson ES. Drug-induced liver injury - types and phenotypes. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 18;381(3):264-73. 摘要
22. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines: drug-induced liver injury. J Hepatol. 2019 Jun;70(6):1222-61.全文 摘要
23. Tujios SR, Lee WM. Acute liver failure induced by idiosyncratic reaction to drugs: challenges in diagnosis and therapy. Liver Int. 2018 Jan;38(1):6-14.全文 摘要
24. Björnsson ES. Drug-induced liver injury due to antibiotics. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jun-Jul;52(6-7):617-23. 摘要
25. Navarro VJ, Barnhart H, Bonkovsky HL, et al. Liver injury from herbals and dietary supplements in the U.S. Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Hepatology. 2014 Oct;60(4):1399-408.全文 摘要
26. Nichols SD, Albert S, Shirley L, et al. Outcomes in patients with obstructive jaundice from metastatic colorectal cancer and implications for management. J Gastrointest Surg. 2014 Dec;18(12):2186-91.全文 摘要
27. Waller LP, Deshpande V, Pyrsopoulos N. Hepatocellular carcinoma: a comprehensive review. World J Hepatol. 2015 Nov 18;7(26):2648-63.全文 摘要
28. Birrer MJ, Young RC. Differential diagnosis of jaundice in lymphoma patients. Semin Liver Dis. 1987 Aug;7(3):269-77. 摘要
29. Selmi C, Bowlus CL, Gershwin ME, et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis. Lancet. 2011 May 7;377(9777):1600-9. 摘要
31. Molodecky NA, Kareemi H, Parab R, et al. Incidence of primary sclerosing cholangitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hepatology. 2011 May;53(5):1590-9.全文 摘要
32. Hirschfield GM, Karlsen TH, Lindor KD, et al. Primary sclerosing cholangitis. Lancet. 2013 Nov 9;382(9904):1587-99. 摘要
33. Chapman MH, Thorburn D, Hirschfield GM, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology and UK-PSC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Gut. 2019 Aug;68(8):1356-78.全文 摘要
34. Patil M, Sheth KA, Krishnamurthy AC, et al. A review and current perspective on Wilson disease. J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2013 Dec;3(4):321-36.全文 摘要
35. Kowdley KV, Brown KE, Ahn J, et al. ACG clinical guideline: hereditary hemochromatosis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Aug;114(8):1202-18.全文 摘要
36. Björnsson E, Chari ST, Smyrk TC, et al. Immunoglobulin G4 associated cholangitis: description of an emerging clinical entity based on review of the literature. Hepatology. 2007 Jun;45(6):1547-54.全文 摘要
37. Schmidt-Hansen M, Berendse S, Hamilton W. Symptoms of pancreatic cancer in primary care: a systematic review. Pancreas. 2016 Jul;45(6):814-8. 摘要
38. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: pancreatic cancer. 2020 [internet publication].全文
39. National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: common cancer sites. 2020 [internet publication].全文
40. Kubo S, Takemura S, Tanaka S, et al. Occupational cholangiocarcinoma caused by exposure to 1,2-dichloropropane and/or dichloromethane. Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2017 Nov 17;2(2):99-105.全文 摘要
41. Kumagai S, Sobue T, Makiuchi T, et al. Relationship between cumulative exposure to 1,2-dichloropropane and incidence risk of cholangiocarcinoma among offset printing workers. Occup Environ Med. 2016 Aug;73(8):545-52. 摘要
42. Duraiswamy S, Sheffield JS, Mcintire D, et al. Updated etiology and significance of elevated bilirubin during pregnancy: changes parallel shift in demographics and vaccination status. Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Feb;62(2):517-25. 摘要
43. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2018 Aug;69(2):406-60.全文 摘要
44. Rumsey S, Winders J, MacCormick AD. Diagnostic accuracy of Charcot's triad: a systematic review. ANZ J Surg. 2017 Apr;87(4):232-8. 摘要
45. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. Sep 2017 [internet publication].全文
46. Stravitz RT, Lee WM. Acute liver failure. Lancet. 2019 Sep 7;394(10201):869-81. 摘要
47. Nanchal R, Subramanian R, Karvellas CJ, et al. Guidelines for the management of adult acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure in the ICU: cardiovascular, endocrine, hematologic, pulmonary, and renal considerations. Crit Care Med. 2020 Mar;48(3):e173-91.全文 摘要
48. Karvellas CJ, Cavazos J, Battenhouse H, et al. Effects of antimicrobial prophylaxis and blood stream infections in patients with acute liver failure: a retrospective cohort study. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Nov;12(11):1942-9;e1.全文 摘要
49. Martin P, DiMartini A, Feng S, et al. Evaluation for liver transplantation in adults: 2013 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the American Society of Transplantation. Hepatology. 2014 Mar;59(3):1144-65.全文 摘要
50. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practical guidelines on the management of acute (fulminant) liver failure. J Hepatol. 2017 May;66(5):1047-81.全文 摘要
51. Hernaez R, Solà E, Moreau R, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure: an update. Gut. 2017 Mar;66(3):541-53.全文 摘要
52. Bajaj JS, O'Leary JG, Lai JC, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure clinical guidelines. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Feb 1;117(2):225-52.全文 摘要
53. Sarin SK, Choudhury A. Management of acute-on-chronic liver failure: an algorithmic approach. Hepatol Int. 2018 Sep;12(5):402-16. 摘要
54. Fernández J, Acevedo J, Wiest R, et al. Bacterial and fungal infections in acute-on-chronic liver failure: prevalence, characteristics and impact on prognosis. Gut. 2018 Oct;67(10):1870-80. 摘要
55. Bajaj JS, Kamath PS, Reddy KR. The evolving challenge of infections in cirrhosis. N Engl J Med. 2021 Jun 17;384(24):2317-30. 摘要
56. Moreau R, Jalan R, Gines P, et al. Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis. Gastroenterology. 2013 Jun;144(7):1426-37;e1-9.全文 摘要
57. Jalan R, Saliba F, Pavesi M, et al. Development and validation of a prognostic score to predict mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure. J Hepatol. 2014 Nov;61(5):1038-47. 摘要
58. British Society of Gastroenterology, British Society for the Study of the Liver. Decompensated cirrhosis care bundle – first 24 hours. 2014 [internet publication].全文
59. Dunn W, Jamil LH, Brown LS, et al. MELD accurately predicts mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatology. 2005 Feb;41(2):353-8. 摘要
60. Pavlov CS, Varganova DL, Casazza G, et al. Glucocorticosteroids for people with alcoholic hepatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Apr 9;(4):CD001511.全文 摘要
61. Louvet A, Naveau S, Abdelnour M, et al. The Lille model: a new tool for therapeutic strategy in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis treated with steroids. Hepatology. 2007 Jun;45(6):1348-54.全文 摘要
62. Garcia-Saenz-de-Sicilia M, Duvoor C, Altamirano J. A day-4 Lille model predicts response to corticosteroids and mortality in severe alcoholic hepatitis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Feb;112(2):306-15. 摘要
63. Thursz MR, Richardson P, Allison M, et al; STOPAH trial. Prednisolone or pentoxifylline for alcoholic hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr 23;372(17):1619-28.全文 摘要
64. Biggins SW, Angeli P, Garcia-Tsao G, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and hepatorenal syndrome: 2021 practice guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology. 2021 Aug;74(2):1014-48.全文 摘要
65. van Lingen R, Warshow U, Dalton HR, et al. Jaundice as a presentation of heart failure. J R Soc Med. 2005 Aug;98(8):357-9.全文 摘要
66. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Leptospirosis: fact sheet for clinicians. Jan 2018 [internet publication].全文
67. Bassari R, Koea JB. Jaundice associated pruritis: a review of pathophysiology and treatment. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Feb 7;21(5):1404-13.全文 摘要
68. Stillman AE. Jaundice. In: Walker HK, Hall WD, Hurst JW, eds. Clinical methods: the history, physical, and laboratory examinations. 3rd ed. Boston: Butterworths; 1990.全文
69. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Hepatitis C - questions and answers for health professionals. 2020 [internet publication].全文
70. Berner MM, Kriston L, Bentele M, et al. The alcohol use disorders identification test for detecting at-risk drinking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2007 May;68(3):461-73. 摘要
71. Crawford EF, Fulton JJ, Swinkels CM, et al. Diagnostic efficiency of the AUDIT-C in US veterans with military service since September 11, 2001. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Sep 1;132(1-2):101-6. 摘要
72. LeFevre ML, US Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for hepatitis B virus infection in nonpregnant adolescents and adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Jul 1;161(1):58-66.全文 摘要
73. Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatology. 2014 Aug;60(2):715-35.全文 摘要
74. Cohen JA, Kaplan MM. The SGOT/SGPT ratio - an indicator of alcoholic liver disease. Dig Dis Sci. 1979 Nov;24(11):835-8. 摘要
75. Mitchell MC, Friedman LS, McClain CJ. Medical management of severe alcoholic hepatitis: expert review from the Clinical Practice Updates Committee of the AGA Institute. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Jan;15(1):5-12.全文 摘要
76. Forrest EH, Evans CD, Stewart S, et al. Analysis of factors predictive of mortality in alcoholic hepatitis and derivation and validation of the Glasgow alcoholic hepatitis score. Gut. 2005 Aug;54(8):1174-9.全文 摘要
77. Moore KP, Aithal GP. Guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis. Gut. 2006 Oct;55 Suppl 6:vi1-12.全文 摘要
78. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome in cirrhosis. J Hepatol. 2010;53(3):397-417.全文 摘要
79. Kuiper JJ, van Buuren HR, de Man RA. Ascites in cirrhosis: a review of management and complications. Neth J Med. 2007;65(8):283-8.全文 摘要
80. Rimola A, Garcia-Tsao G, Navasa M, et al. Diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: a consensus document. International Ascites Club. J Hepatol. 2000;32(1):142-53. 摘要
81. Bernardi M, Carceni P, Navickis RJ, et al. Albumin infusion in patients undergoing large-volume paracentesis: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Hepatology. 2012 Apr;55(4):1172-81.全文 摘要
82. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: jaundice. 2018 [internet publication].全文
83. Kolodziejczyk E, Jurkiewicz E, Pertkiewicz J, et al. MRCP versus ERCP in the evaluation of chronic pancreatitis in children: which is the better choice? Pancreas. 2016 Sep;45(8):1115-9. 摘要
84. Scaffidi MG, Luigiano C, Consolo P, et al. Magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography versus endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography in the diagnosis of common bile duct stones: a prospective comparative study. Minerva Med. 2009 Oct;100(5):341-8. 摘要
85. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Pancreatic cancer in adults: diagnosis and management. Feb 2018 [internet publication].全文
86. Manes G, Paspatis G, Aabakken L, et al. Endoscopic management of common bile duct stones: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guideline. Endoscopy. 2019 May;51(5):472-91.全文 摘要
87. Whitfield JB, Masson S, Liangpunsakul S, et al. Evaluation of laboratory tests for cirrhosis and for alcohol use, in the context of alcoholic cirrhosis. Alcohol. 2018 Feb;66:1-7.全文 摘要
88. McMahon BJ, Alward WL, Hall DB, et al. Acute hepatitis B virus infection: relation of age to the clinical expression of disease and subsequent development of the carrier state. J Infect Dis. 1985 Apr;151(4):599-603. 摘要
89. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Suspected cancer: recognition and referral. Dec 2021 [internet publication].全文
90. O'Grady JG, Alexander GJ, Hayllar KM, et al. Early indicators of prognosis in fulminant hepatic failure. Gastroenterology. 1989 Aug;97(2):439-45.全文 摘要
91. Roberts EA, Schilsky ML, American Association for Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD). Diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease: an update. Hepatology. 2008 Jun;47(6):2089-111. 摘要
内容使用需遵循免责声明