颅骨骨折

Ersahin Y, Mutluer S, Mirzai H, et al. Pediatric depressed skull fractures: analysis of 530 cases. Childs Nerv Syst. 1996 Jun;12(6):323-31. 摘要

Smits M, Dippel DW, de Haan GG, et al. Minor head injury: guidelines for the use of CT - a multicenter validation study. Radiology. 2007 Dec;245(3):831-8.全文  摘要

Macpherson BC, MacPherson P, Jennett B. CT evidence of intracranial contusion and haematoma in relation to the presence, site and type of skull fracture. Clin Radiol. 1990 Nov;42(5):321-6. 摘要

Al-Haddad SA, Kirollos R. A 5-year study of the outcome of surgically treated depressed skull fractures. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2002 May;84(3):196-200.全文  摘要

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Head injury: assessment and early management. September 2019 [internet publication].全文

Gravel J, Gouin S, Chalut D, et al. Derivation and validation of a clinical decision rule to identify young children with skull fracture following isolated head trauma. CMAJ. 2015 Nov 3;187(16):1202-8.全文  摘要

Pretto Flores L, De Almeida CS, Casulari LA. Positive predictive values of selected clinical signs associated with skull base fractures. J Neurosurg Sci. 2000 Jun;44(2):77-82. 摘要

Oller DW, Meredith JW, Rutledge R, et al. The relationship between face or skull fractures and cervical spine and spinal cord injuries: a review of 13,834 patients. Acid Anal Prev. 1992 Apr;24(2):1887-92. 摘要

Ratilal BO, Costa J, Pappamikail L, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Apr 28;(4):CD004884. 摘要

Yetiser S, Hidir Y, Gonul E. Facial nerve problems and hearing loss in patients with temporal bone fractures: demographic data. J Trauma. 2008 Dec;65(6):1314-20. 摘要

1. Servadei F, Ciucci G, Pagano F, et al. Skull fracture as a risk factor of intracranial complications in minor head injuries: a prospective CT study in a series of 98 adult patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1988 Apr;51(4):526-8. 摘要

2. Besenski N. Traumatic injuries: imaging of head injuries. Eur Radiol. 2002 Jun;12(6):1237-52. 摘要

3. Ersahin Y, Mutluer S, Mirzai H, et al. Pediatric depressed skull fractures: analysis of 530 cases. Childs Nerv Syst. 1996 Jun;12(6):323-31. 摘要

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5. Smits M, Dippel DW, de Haan GG, et al. Minor head injury: guidelines for the use of CT - a multicenter validation study. Radiology. 2007 Dec;245(3):831-8.全文  摘要

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8. Macpherson BC, MacPherson P, Jennett B. CT evidence of intracranial contusion and haematoma in relation to the presence, site and type of skull fracture. Clin Radiol. 1990 Nov;42(5):321-6. 摘要

9. Al-Haddad SA, Kirollos R. A 5-year study of the outcome of surgically treated depressed skull fractures. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2002 May;84(3):196-200.全文  摘要

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15. Bergenstal J, Davisk SM, Sikor R, et al. Pediatric bicycle injury prevention and the effect of helmet use: the West Virginia experience. W V Med J. 2012 May-Jun;108(3):78-81. 摘要

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22. Dias MS, Smith K, DeGuehery K, et al. Preventing abusive head trauma among infants and young children: a hospital-based, parent education program. Pediatrics. 2005 Apr;115(4):e470-7.全文  摘要

23. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Head injury: assessment and early management. September 2019 [internet publication].全文

24. Haydel MJ, Preston CA, Mills TJ, et al. Indications for computed tomography in patients with minor head injury. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jul 13;343(2):100-5.全文  摘要

25. Stiell IG, Wells GA, Vandemheen K, et al. The Canadian CT head rule for patients with minor head injury. Lancet. 2001;357(9266):1391-6. 摘要

26. Gravel J, Gouin S, Chalut D, et al. Derivation and validation of a clinical decision rule to identify young children with skull fracture following isolated head trauma. CMAJ. 2015 Nov 3;187(16):1202-8.全文  摘要

27. Pretto Flores L, De Almeida CS, Casulari LA. Positive predictive values of selected clinical signs associated with skull base fractures. J Neurosurg Sci. 2000 Jun;44(2):77-82. 摘要

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30. Roguski M, Morel B, Sweeney M, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging as an alternative to computed tomography in select patients with traumatic brain injury: a retrospective comparison. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015 May;15(5):529-34. 摘要

31. Mulroy MH, Loyd AM, Frush DP, et al. Evaluation of pediatric skull fracture imaging techniques. Forensic Sci Int. 2012 Jun 10;214(1-3):167-72. 摘要

32. American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: head trauma. 2015 [internet publication].全文

33. Orman G, Wagner MW, Seeburg D, et al. Pediatric skull fracture diagnosis: should 3D CT reconstructions be added as routine imaging? J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015 Oct;16(4):426-31. 摘要

34. Provenzale J. CT and MR imaging of acute cranial trauma. Emerg Radiol. 2007 Apr;14(1):1-12. 摘要

35. Ringl H, Schernthaner R, Philipp MO, et al. Three-dimensional fracture visualisation of multidetector CT of the skull base in trauma patients: comparison of three reconstruction algorithms. Eur Radiol. 2009 Oct;19(10):2416-24. 摘要

36. Ringl H, Schernthaner RE, Schueller G, et al. The skull unfolded: a cranial CT visualization algorithm for fast and easy detection of skull fractures. Radiology. 2010 May;255(2):553-62. 摘要

37. Pandor A, Harnan S, Goodare S, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical characteristics for identifying CT abnormality after minor brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurotrauma. 2012 Mar 20;29(5):707-18. 摘要

38. Bruce DA. Imaging after head trauma: why, when and which. Childs Nerv Syst. 2000 Nov;16(10-11):755-9. 摘要

39. Dempewolf R, Gubbels S, Hansen MR. Acute radiographic workup of blunt temporal bone trauma: maxillofacial versus temporal bone CT. Laryngoscope. 2009 Mar;119(3):442-8. 摘要

40. Zhao X, Rizzo A, Malek B, et al. Basilar skull fracture: a risk factor for transverse/sigmoid venous sinus obstruction. J Neurotrauma. 2008 Feb;25(2):104-11. 摘要

41. Donovan DJ. Simple depressed skull fracture causing sagittal sinus stenosis and increased intracranial pressure: case report and review of the literature. Surg Neurol. 2005 Feb;63(2):380-3. 摘要

42. Kim PD, Jennings JS, Fisher M, et al. Risk of cervical spine injury and other complications seen with skull fractures in the setting of mild closed head injury in young children: a retrospective study. Pediatr Neurosurg. 2008;44(2):124-7. 摘要

43. Oller DW, Meredith JW, Rutledge R, et al. The relationship between face or skull fractures and cervical spine and spinal cord injuries: a review of 13,834 patients. Acid Anal Prev. 1992 Apr;24(2):1887-92. 摘要

44. Parri N, Crosby BJ, Glass C, et al. Ability of emergency ultrasonography to detect pediatric skull fractures: a prospective, observational study. J Emerg Med. 2013 Apr;44(2):135-41.全文  摘要

45. Rabiner JE, Friedman LM, Khine H, et al. Accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound for diagnosis of skull fractures in children. Pediatrics. 2013 Jun;131(6):e1757-64. 摘要

46. Abuabara A. Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea: diagnosis and management. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007 Sep 1;12(5):E397-400.全文  摘要

47. Zaman S, Logan PH, Landes C, et al. Soft-tissue evidence of head injury in infants and young children: is CT head examination justified? Clin Radiol. 2017 Apr;72(4):316-22. 摘要

48. Merten DF, Radkowski MA, Leonidas JC. The abused child: a radiological reappraisal. Radiology. 1983 Feb;146(2):377-81. 摘要

49. Lyons TW, Stack AM, Monuteaux MC, et al. A QI initiative to reduce hospitalization for children with isolated skull fractures. Pediatrics. 2016 May 11;137(6):. 摘要

50. Bonfield CM, Naran S, Adetayo OA, et al. Pediatric skull fractures: the need for surgical intervention, characteristics, complications, and outcomes. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2014 Aug;14(2):205-11. 摘要

51. Demetriades D, Charalambides D, Lakhoo M, et al. Role of prophylactic antibiotics in open and basilar fractures of the skull: a randomized study. Injury. 1992;23(6):377-80. 摘要

52. Ratilal BO, Costa J, Pappamikail L, Sampaio C. Antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing meningitis in patients with basilar skull fractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Apr 28;(4):CD004884. 摘要

53. Rehman L, Ghani E, Hussain A, et al. Infection in compound depressed fracture of the skull. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2007 Mar;17(3):140-3. 摘要

54. Nellis JC, Kesser BW, Park SS. What is the efficacy of prophylactic antibiotics in basilar skull fractures? Laryngoscope. 2014 Jan;124(1):8-9.全文  摘要

55. Tunkel AR, Hasbun R, Bhimraj A, et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America's clinical practice guidelines for healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 14; 64(6): e34–e65.全文  摘要

56. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Immunizations - pneumococcal. Aug 2016 [internet publication].全文

57. Venetz I, Schopfer K, Mühlemann K. Paediatric, invasive pneumococcal disease in Switzerland, 1985-1994. Swiss Pneumococcal Study Group. Int J Epidemiol. 1998 Dec;27(6):1101-4. 摘要

58. Kaptigau WM, Ke L, Rosenfeld JV. Open depressed and penetrating skull fractures in Port Moresby General Hospital from 2003 to 2005. P N G Med J. 2007 Mar-Jun;50(1-2):58-63. 摘要

59. Heary RF, Hunt CD, Krieger AJ, et al. Nonsurgical treatment of compound depressed skull fractures. J Trauma. 1993 Sep;35(3):441-7. 摘要

60. Marbacher S, Andres RH, Fathi AR, et al. Primary reconstruction of open depressed skull fractures with titanium mesh. J Craniofac Surg. 2008 Mar;19(2):490-5. 摘要

61. Bullock MR, Chesnut R, Ghajar J, et al; Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury Author Group. Surgical management of depressed cranial fractures. Neurosurgery. 2006 Mar;58(3 suppl):S56-60. 摘要

62. Wylen EL, Willis BK, Nanda A. Infection rate with replacement of bone fragment in compound depressed skull fractures. Surg Neurol. 1999 Apr;51(4):452-7. 摘要

63. Yetiser S, Hidir Y, Gonul E. Facial nerve problems and hearing loss in patients with temporal bone fractures: demographic data. J Trauma. 2008 Dec;65(6):1314-20. 摘要

64. Dalgic A, Okay HO, Gezici AR, et al. An effective and less invasive treatment of post-traumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula: closed lumbar drainage system. Minim Invasive Neurosurg. 2008 Jun;51(3):154-7. 摘要

65. Nash JJ, Friedland DR, Boorsma KJ, et al. Management and outcomes of facial paralysis from intratemporal blunt trauma: a systematic review. Laryngoscope. 2010 Jul;120(7):1397-404. 摘要

66. Sherif C, Di leva A, Gibson D, et al. A management algorithm for cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with anterior skull base fractures: detailed clinical and radiological follow-up. Neurosurg Rev. 2012;35:227-237. 摘要

67. Phang SY, Whitehouse K, Lee L, et al. Management of CSF leak in base of skull fractures in adults. Br J Neurosurg. 2016 Dec;30(6):596-604 摘要

68. Yilmazlar S, Arslan E, Kocaeli H, et al. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage complicating skull base fractures: analysis of 81 cases. Neurosurg Rev. 2006 Jan;29(1):64-71. 摘要

69. Liesemer K, Bratton SL, Zebrack CM, et al. Early post-traumatic seizures in moderate to severe pediatric traumatic brain injury: rates, risk factors, and clinical features. J Neurotrauma. 2011 May;28(5):755-62. 摘要

70. Beghi E. Overview of studies to prevent posttraumatic epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2003;44 Suppl 10:21-6.全文  摘要

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74. Sonig A, Thakur JD, Chittiboina P, et al. Is posttraumatic cerebrospinal fluid fistula a predictor of posttraumatic meningitis? A US nationwide inpatient sample database study. Neurosurg Focus. 2012 Jun;32(6):E4.全文  摘要

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76. Coello AF, Canals AG, Gonzalez JM, et al. Cranial nerve injury after minor head trauma. J Neurosurg. 2010 Sep;113(3):547-55. 摘要

77. Dunklebarger J, Branstetter B 4th, Lincoln A, et al. Pediatric temporal bone fractures: current trends and comparison of classification schemes. Laryngoscope. 2014 Mar;124(3):781-4. 摘要

78. Montava M, Mancini J, Masson C, et al. Temporal bone fractures: sequelae and their impact on quality of life. Am J Otolaryngol. 2015 May-Jun;36(3):364-70. 摘要

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