References
Key articles
Kimura Y, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. TG13 current terminology, etiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013 Jan;20(1):8-23.Full text Abstract
Gigot JF, Leese T, Dereme T, et al. Acute cholangitis: multivariate analysis of risk factors. Ann Surg. 1989 Apr;209(4):435-8.Full text Abstract
Qureshi WA. Approach to the patient who has suspected acute bacterial cholangitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2006 Jun;35(2):409-23. Abstract
Miura F, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: initial management of acute biliary infection and flowchart for acute cholangitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):31-40.Full text Abstract
Gomi H, Solomkin JS, Schlossberg D, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: antimicrobial therapy for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):3-16.Full text Abstract
Mayumi T, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):96-100.Full text Abstract
Mukai S, Itoi T, Baron TH, et al. Indications and techniques of biliary drainage for acute cholangitis in updated Tokyo Guidelines 2018. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017 Oct;24(10):537-49.Full text Abstract
Reference articles
2. Edlund G, Ljungdahl M. Acute cholecystitis in the elderly. Am J Surg. 1990 Apr;159(4):414-6;discussion 416. Abstract
3. Rumsey S, Winders J, MacCormick AD. Diagnostic accuracy of Charcot's triad: a systematic review. ANZ J Surg. 2017 Apr;87(4):232-8.Full text Abstract
4. Alam S, Mustafa G, Ahmad N, et al. Presentation and endoscopic management of biliary ascariasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007 Jul;38(4):631-5. Abstract
5. Carmona RH, Crass RA, Lim RC Jr, et al. Oriental cholangitis. Am J Surg. 1984 Jul;148(1):117-24. Abstract
6. Kimura Y, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al. TG13 current terminology, etiology, and epidemiology of acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013 Jan;20(1):8-23.Full text Abstract
7. Higuchi R, Takada T, Strasberg SM, et al; Tokyo Guideline Revision Committee. TG13 miscellaneous etiology of cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2013 Jan;20(1):97-105.Full text Abstract
8. Gigot JF, Leese T, Dereme T, et al. Acute cholangitis: multivariate analysis of risk factors. Ann Surg. 1989 Apr;209(4):435-8.Full text Abstract
9. Qureshi WA. Approach to the patient who has suspected acute bacterial cholangitis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2006 Jun;35(2):409-23. Abstract
10. Pitt HA, Couse NF. Biliary sepsis and toxic cholangitis. In: Moody FG, Carey LC, eds. Surgical treatment of digestive diseases. 2nd ed. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1990:332.
11. Csendes A, Becerra M, Burdiles P, et al. Bacteriological studies of bile from the gallbladder in patients with carcinoma of the gallbladder, cholelithiasis, common bile duct stones and no gallstones disease. Eur J Surg. 1994;160:363-367. Abstract
12. Hanau LH, Steigbigel NH. Acute (ascending) cholangitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2000;14:521-546. Abstract
13. Naseer M, Dailey FE, Juboori AA, et al. Epidemiology, determinants, and management of AIDS cholangiopathy: a review. World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Feb 21;24(7):767-74.Full text Abstract
14. Kiriyama S, Kozaka K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: diagnostic criteria and severity grading of acute cholangitis (with videos). J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):17-30.Full text Abstract
15. Miura F, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: initial management of acute biliary infection and flowchart for acute cholangitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):31-40.Full text Abstract
16. Gomi H, Solomkin JS, Schlossberg D, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: antimicrobial therapy for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):3-16.Full text Abstract
17. Les'kiv IM, Moros HS, Mechev DS. Ultrasound diagnostics of jaundice [in Ukrainian]. Lik Sprava. 2005 Apr-May;(3):55-7. Abstract
18. Verma D, Kapadia A, Eisen GM, et al. EUS vs MRCP for detection of choledocholithiasis. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Aug;64(2):248-54. Abstract
19. Mayumi T, Okamoto K, Takada T, et al. Tokyo Guidelines 2018: management bundles for acute cholangitis and cholecystitis. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2018 Jan;25(1):96-100.Full text Abstract
20. Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Intensive Care Med. 2017 Mar;43(3):304-77.Full text Abstract
21. Rhodes A, Phillips G, Beale R, et al. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign bundles and outcome: results from the International Multicentre Prevalence Study on Sepsis (the IMPreSS study). Intensive Care Med. 2015 Sep;41(9):1620-8. Abstract
22. Levy MM, Rhodes A, Phillips GS, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: association between performance metrics and outcomes in a 7.5-year study. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Nov;40(11):1623-33.Full text Abstract
23. Seymour CW, Gesten F, Prescott HC, et al. Time to treatment and mortality during mandated emergency care for sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 8;376(23):2235-44.Full text Abstract
24. Mukai S, Itoi T, Baron TH, et al. Indications and techniques of biliary drainage for acute cholangitis in updated Tokyo Guidelines 2018. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci. 2017 Oct;24(10):537-49.Full text Abstract
25. Yasuda I, Itoi T. Recent advances in endoscopic management of difficult bile duct stones. Dig Endosc. 2013 Jul;25(4):376-85.Full text Abstract
26. Hu B, Wang TT, Wu J, et al. Antireflux stents to reduce the risk of cholangitis in patients with malignant biliary strictures: a randomized trial. Endoscopy. 2014 Feb;46(2):120-6. Abstract
27. Lee KJ, Chung MJ, Park JY, et al. Clinical advantages of a metal stent with an S-shaped anti-reflux valve in malignant biliary obstruction. Dig Endosc. 2013 May;25(3):308-12. Abstract
28. Lin H, Li S, Liu X. The safety and efficacy of nasobiliary drainage versus biliary stenting in malignant biliary obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Nov;95(46):e5253.Full text Abstract
29. Mok SR, Mannino CL, Malin J, et al. Does the urgency of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ercp)/percutaneous biliary drainage (pbd) impact mortality and disease related complications in ascending cholangitis? (deim-i study). J Interv Gastroenterol. 2012 Oct;2(4):161-7.Full text Abstract
30. Parbhu SK, Siddiqui AA, Taylor LJ, et al. Initial report of outpatient management of acute cholangitis via ERCP. Dig Dis Sci. 2017 Jun;62(6):1676-7. Abstract
31. Alkhatib AA, Hilden K, Adler DG. Comorbidities, sphincterotomy, and balloon dilation predict post-ERCP adverse events in PSC patients: operator experience is protective. Dig Dis Sci. 2011 Dec;56(12):3685-8. Abstract
32. Kusminsky RE. Complications of central venous catheterization. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Apr;204(4):681-96. Abstract
33. McGee DC, Gould MK. Preventing complications of central venous catheterization. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 20;348(12):1123-33.Full text Abstract
34. Smith RN, Nolan JP. Central venous catheters. BMJ. 2013 Nov 11;347:f6570. Abstract
35. Reich DL. Monitoring in anesthesia and perioperative care. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.
36. Abbott Northwestern Hospital Internal Medicine Residency. Internal jugular central venous line. 2015 [internet publication].Full text
37. Bishop L, Dougherty L, Bodenham A, et al. Guidelines on the insertion and management of central venous access devices in adults. Int J Lab Hematol. 2007 Aug;29(4):261-78. Abstract
38. Fletcher SJ, Bodenham AR. Safe placement of central venous catheters: where should the tip of the catheter lie? Br J Anaesth. 2000 Aug;85(2):188-91.Full text Abstract
39. Gibson F, Bodenham A. Misplaced central venous catheters: applied anatomy and practical management. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Mar;110(3):333-46.Full text Abstract
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer