小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 腹泻
- 呕吐
- 恶心
- 腹痛
其他诊断因素
- 不适感
- 厌食
- 发热
- 血容量缺失
危险因素
- 接触被污染的食物或水源
- 与受感染者密切接触
- 卫生条件差
- 年龄极端
- HIV 感染
- 器官移植
- 慢性疾病
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 临床诊断
- 全血细胞计数
- 尿素和电解质
- 肌酐
需考虑的检查
- 粪便培养，虫卵和寄生虫检测。
- 粪便病毒培养
治疗流程
轻中度脱水
重度脱水或不能耐受口服补液
撰稿人
专家顾问
Alexander Alexiou, MB, BS, BSc, DCH, FRCEM, DipIMC RSEd
Consultant in Emergency Medicine
Royal London Hospital
Consultant in Physician Response Unit
Barts Health NHS Trust/London Air Ambulance
London
UK
利益声明
AA declares that he has no competing interests.
Acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice would like to gratefully acknowledge the previous expert contributors, whose work has been retained in parts of the content:
Kyle E. Brown MD, FAASLD
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine
University of Iowa
Carver College of Medicine
Iowa City
IA
Jenny Currigan
ST6 Emergency Medicine Trainee
Royal London Hospital
Barts Health NHS Trust
London
UK
Johann Grundlingh MBChB, FCEM, FFICM, EDICM, DFMS, DipMedTox, MMedTox, MSB, ERT, MEWI, MBA
Emergency Medicine Consultant
Royal London Hospital
Barts Health NHS Trust
London
Honorary Senior Lecturer
Queen Mary University
London
UK
利益声明
KEB, JC and JG declare that they have no competing interests.
同行评议者
Adam Evans
Consultant Physician
Acute Medicine and Infectious Diseases Physician
Royal Victoria Infirmary
Newcastle upon Tyne
UK
利益声明
AE declares that he has no competing interests.
编辑
Emma Quigley
Section Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
EQ declares that she has no competing interests.
Tannaz Aliabadi-Oglesby
Lead Section Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
TAO declares that she has no competing interests.
Luisa Dillner
Head of Research and Development, BMJ
利益声明
LD declares that she has no competing interests.
Julie Costello
Comorbidities Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
JC declares that she has no competing interests.
Adam Mitchell
Drug Editor, BMJ Best Practice
利益声明
AM declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 细菌性胃肠炎
- 原虫感染
- 蠕虫感染
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 住院成年人的静脉补液
- 关于照护机构如何做好准备工作并处理诺如病毒的一般信息
更多 指南患者教育信息
成人腹泻
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