全身过敏反应

参考文献

关键文献

Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: guidelines for healthcare providers. May 2021 [internet publication].全文

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment. August 2020 [internet publication].全文

Muraro A, Worm M, Alviani C, et al. EAACI guidelines: anaphylaxis (2021 update). Allergy. 2022 Feb;77(2):357-77.全文  摘要

Simons FE, Ebisawa M, Sanchez-Borges M, et al. 2015 update of the evidence base: World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidelines. World Allergy Organ J. 2015 Oct 28;8(1):32.全文  摘要

参考文献

1. Johansson SG, Bieber T, Dahl R, et al. Revised nomenclature for allergy for global use: report of the Nomenclature Review Committee of the World Allergy Organization, October 2003. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 May;113(5):832-6.全文  摘要

2. LoVerde D, Iweala OI, Eginli A, et al. Anaphylaxis. Chest. 2017 Aug 8;153(2):528-43.全文  摘要

3. World Allergy Organization Allergic Diseases Resource Center. Anaphylaxis: synopsis. April 2019 [internet publication].全文

4. DesRoches A, Infante-Rivard C, Paradis L, et al. Peanut allergy: is maternal transmission of antigens during pregnancy and breastfeeding a risk factor? J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2010;20(4):289-94. 摘要

5. Pitt TJ, Becker AB, Chan-Yeung M, et al. Reduced risk of peanut sensitization following exposure through breast-feeding and early peanut introduction. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Sep 12;141(2):620-5.e1.全文  摘要

6. Järvinen KM, Westfall J, De Jesus M, et al. Role of maternal dietary peanut exposure in development of food allergy and oral tolerance. PLoS One. 2015 Dec 10;10(12):e0143855.全文  摘要

7. Sampson HA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Campbell RL, et al. Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report - second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network symposium. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Feb;117(2):391-7.全文  摘要

8. Campbell RL, Hagan JB, Manivannan V, et al. Evaluation of National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network criteria for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in emergency department patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Mar;129(3):748-52. 摘要

9. Lieberman P, Nicklas RA, Randolph C, et al. Anaphylaxis: a practice parameter update 2015. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015 Nov;115(5):341-84. 摘要

10. Neugut AI, Ghatak AT, Miller RL. Anaphylaxis in the United States: an investigation into its epidemiology. Arch Intern Med. 2001 Jan 8;161(1):15-21.全文  摘要

11. Lieberman P, Camargo CA Jr, Bohlke K, et al. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis: findings of the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Epidemiology of Anaphylaxis Working Group. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006 Nov;97(5):596-602. 摘要

12. NHS Digital. Hospital admissions for allergies and anaphylactic shock. July 2019 [internet publication].全文

13. Umasunthar T, Leonardi-Bee J, Turner PJ, et al. Incidence of food anaphylaxis in people with food allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015 Nov;45(11):1621-36. 摘要

14. Bock SA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Sampson HA. Fatalities due to anaphylactic reactions to foods. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Jan;107(1):191-3. 摘要

15. Smit DV, Cameron PA, Rainer TH. Anaphylaxis presentations to an emergency department in Hong Kong: incidence and predictors of biphasic reactions. J Emerg Med. 2005 May;28(4):381-8. 摘要

16. Brown AF, McKinnon D, Chu K. Emergency department anaphylaxis: a review of 142 patients in a single year. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Nov;108(5):861-6. 摘要

17. Sampson HA. Anaphylaxis and emergency treatment. Pediatrics. 2003 Jun;111(6 Pt 3):1601-8.全文  摘要

18. Sue MA, Noritake DT, Klaustermeyer WB. Penicillin anaphylaxis: fatality in elderly patients without a history of penicillin allergy. Am J Emerg Med. 1988 Sep;6(5):456-8. 摘要

19. Worm M. Epidemiology of anaphylaxis. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2010 Jun 1;95:12-21. 摘要

20. Gelincik A, Demirtürk M, Yılmaz E, et al. Anaphylaxis in a tertiary adult allergy clinic: a retrospective review of 516 patients. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2012 Dec 20;110(2):96-100. 摘要

21. Aun MV, Blanca M, Garro LS, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are major causes of drug-induced anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2014 May 23;2(4):414-20. 摘要

22. Castells MC, Horan RF, Sheffer AL. Exercise-induced anaphylaxis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2003 Jan;3(1):15-21. 摘要

23. Sampson HA, Mendelson L, Rosen JP. Fatal and near-fatal anaphylactic reactions to food in children and adolescents. N Engl J Med. 1992 Aug 6;327(6):380-4. 摘要

24. Chung CH, Mirakhur B, Chan E, et al. Cetuximab-induced anaphylaxis and IgE specific for galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose. N Engl J Med. 2008 Mar 13;358(11):1109-17.全文  摘要

25. Valentine MD. Anaphylaxis and stinging insect hypersensitivity. JAMA. 1992 Nov 25;268(20):2830-3. 摘要

26. McNeil MM, Weintraub ES, Duffy J, et al. Risk of anaphylaxis after vaccination in children and adults. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Oct 6;137(3):868-78.全文  摘要

27. Ewan PW, Dugué P, Mirakian R, et al. BSACI guidelines for the investigation of suspected anaphylaxis during general anaesthesia. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010 Jan;40(1):15-31.全文  摘要

28. Royal College of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia, surgery and life-threatening allergic reactions. Report and findings of the Royal College of Anaesthetists’ 6th National Audit Project: perioperative anaphylaxis. May 2018 [internet publication].全文

29. Dewachter P, Mouton-Faivre C. Allergic risk during paediatric anaesthesia [in French]. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2010 Mar;29(3):215-26. 摘要

30. De Weck AL, Sanz ML, Gamboa PM, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug hypersensitivity syndrome: a multicenter study. II. Basophil activation by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and its impact on pathogenesis. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2000 Apr;53(4):273-6.全文  摘要

31. Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: guidelines for healthcare providers. May 2021 [internet publication].全文

32. Kay LJ, Peachell PT. Mast cell beta2-adrenoceptors. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2005;87:145-53. 摘要

33. Verrill L, Bruns R, Luccioli S. Prevalence of self reported food allergy in US adults: 2001, 2006, and 2010. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2015 Oct 8. 摘要

34. Kool B, Chandra D, Fitzharris P. Adult food-induced anaphylaxis hospital presentations in New Zealand. Postgrad Med J. 2016 Apr 6;92(1093):640-4. 摘要

35. Turner PJ, Gowland MH, Sharma V, et al. Increase in anaphylaxis-related hospitalizations but no increase in fatalities: an analysis of United Kingdom national anaphylaxis data, 1992-2012. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Nov 25;135(4):956-63.e1.全文  摘要

36. Jerschow E, Lin RY, Scaperotti MM, et al. Fatal anaphylaxis in the United States, 1999-2010: temporal patterns and demographic associations. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Sep 30;134(6):1318-28.e7.全文  摘要

37. Santos AF, Lack G. Food allergy and anaphylaxis in pediatrics: update 2010-2012. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2012 Dec;23(8):698-706. 摘要

38. Summers CW, Pumphrey RS, Woods CN, et al. Factors predicting anaphylaxis to peanuts and tree nuts in patients referred to a specialist center. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jan 18;121(3):632-8.e2.全文  摘要

39. Motosue MS, Bellolio MF, Van Houten HK, et al. Risk factors for severe anaphylaxis in the United States. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2017 Oct;119(4):356-1.e2. 摘要

40. Lee JM, Greenes DS. Biphasic anaphylactic reactions in pediatrics. Pediatrics. 2000 Oct;106(4):762-6. 摘要

41. Macdougall CF, Cant AJ, Colver AF. How dangerous is food allergy in childhood? The incidence of severe and fatal allergic reactions across the UK and Ireland. Arch Dis Child. 2002 Apr;86(4):236-9.全文  摘要

42. Toraason M, Sussman G, Biagini R, et al. Latex allergy in the workplace. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Nov;58(1):5-14.全文  摘要

43. Ausili E, Tabacco F, Focarelli B, et al. Prevalence of latex allergy in spina bifida: genetic and environmental risk factors. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2007 May-Jun;11(3):149-53. 摘要

44. Ricci G, Gentili A, Di Lorenzo F, et al. Latex allergy in subjects who had undergone multiple surgical procedures for bladder exstrophy: relationship with clinical intervention and atopic diseases. BJU Int. 1999 Dec;84(9):1058-62. 摘要

45. Garcia-Larsen V, Ierodiakonou D, Jarrold K, et al. Diet during pregnancy and infancy and risk of allergic or autoimmune disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2018 Feb 28;15(2):e1002507.全文  摘要

46. European Academy of Allergy & Clinical Immunology. Allergy prevention recommendations. April 2016 [internet publication].全文

47. Foong RX, Brough HA, Chan S, et al. US guidelines for the prevention of peanut allergy 2017. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2017 Nov 24;103(5):249-52. 摘要

48. Gikas A, Lazaros G, Kontou-Fili K. Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction after amoxycillin-induced anaphylactic shock in a young adult with normal coronary arteries: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2005 Feb 25;5(1):6.全文  摘要

49. Simons FE, Ardusso LR, Bilò MB, et al. World allergy organization guidelines for the assessment and management of anaphylaxis. World Allergy Organ J. 2011 Feb;4(2):13-37.全文  摘要

50. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment. August 2020 [internet publication].全文

51. Brown SG. Clinical features and severity grading of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2004 Aug;114(2):371-6.全文  摘要

52. Pumphrey RS. Lessons for management of anaphylaxis from a study of fatal reactions. Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 Aug;30(8):1144-50. 摘要

53. Braganza SC, Acworth JP, Mckinnon DR, et al. Paediatric emergency department anaphylaxis: different patterns from adults. Arch Dis Child. 2006 Feb;91(2):159-63.全文  摘要

54. Muraro A, Roberts G, Clark A, et al. The management of anaphylaxis in childhood: position paper of the European academy of allergology and clinical immunology. Allergy. 2007 Aug;62(8):857-71. 摘要

55. Roberts G, Patel N, Levi-Schaffer F, et al. Food allergy as a risk factor for life-threatening asthma in childhood: a case-controlled study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Jul;112(1):168-74.全文  摘要

56. Vander Leek TK, Liu AH, Stefanski K, et al. The natural history of peanut allergy in young children and its association with serum peanut-specific IgE. J Pediatr. 2000 Dec;137(6):749-55. 摘要

57. Muraro A, Worm M, Alviani C, et al. EAACI guidelines: anaphylaxis (2021 update). Allergy. 2022 Feb;77(2):357-77.全文  摘要

58. González-Pérez A, Aponte Z, Vidaurre CF, et al. Anaphylaxis epidemiology in patients with and patients without asthma: a United Kingdom database review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 May;125(5):1098-104.全文  摘要

59. Calvani M, Cardinale F, Martelli A, et al. Risk factors for severe pediatric food anaphylaxis in Italy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011 Dec;22(8):813-9. 摘要

60. Triggiani M, Patella V, Staiano RI, et al. Allergy and the cardiovascular system. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008 Sep;153 Suppl 1:7-11.全文  摘要

61. McLean-Tooke AP, Bethune CA, Fay AC, et al. Adrenaline in the treatment of anaphylaxis: what is the evidence? BMJ. 2003 Dec 6;327(7427):1332-5.全文  摘要

62. Wimazal F, Geissler P, Shnawa P, et al. Severe life-threatening or disabling anaphylaxis in patients with systemic mastocytosis: a single-center experience. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012;157(4):399-405. 摘要

63. Shadick NA, Liang MH, Partridge AJ, et al. The natural history of exercise-induced anaphylaxis: survey results from a 10-year follow-up study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 Jul;104(1):123-7.全文  摘要

64. Tewari A, Du Toit G, Lack G. The difficulties of diagnosing food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in childhood: a case study and review. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2006 Mar;17(2):157-60. 摘要

65. Aihara Y, Takahashi Y, Kotoyori T, et al. Frequency of food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis in Japanese junior-high-school students. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Dec;108(6):1035-9.全文  摘要

66. Hompes S, Köhli A, Nemat K, et al. Provoking allergens and treatment of anaphylaxis in children and adolescents: data from the anaphylaxis registry of German-speaking countries. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2011 Sep;22(6):568-74. 摘要

67. Ewan PW. Anaphylaxis. BMJ. 1998 May 9;316(7142):1442-5.全文  摘要

68. Wang J, Sampson HA. Food anaphylaxis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 May;37(5):651-60. 摘要

69. Rose MA, Garcez T, Savic S, et al. Chlorhexidine allergy in the perioperative setting: a narrative review. Br J Anaesth. 2019 Jul;123(1):e95-103.全文  摘要

70. Panesar SS, Javad S, de Silva D, et al. The epidemiology of anaphylaxis in Europe: a systematic review. Allergy. 2013 Nov;68(11):1353-61.全文  摘要

71. Boyce JA. Successful treatment of cold-induced urticaria/anaphylaxis with anti-IgE. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 Jun;117(6):1415-8. 摘要

72. Alangari AA, Twarog FJ, Shih MC, et al. Clinical features and anaphylaxis in children with cold urticaria. Pediatrics. 2004 Apr;113(4):e313-7. 摘要

73. Soar J, Böttiger BW, Carli P, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2021 Apr;161:115-51.全文  摘要

74. Colquhoun MC, Handley AJ, Evans TR, eds. ABC of resuscitation. 5th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2004.

75. Chrimes N, Higgs A, Hagberg CA, et al. Preventing unrecognised oesophageal intubation: a consensus guideline from the Project for Universal Management of Airways and international airway societies. Anaesthesia. 2022 Aug 17 [Epub ahead of print].全文  摘要

76. Sala-Cunill A, Cardona V, Labrador-Horrillo M, et al. Usefulness and limitations of sequential serum tryptase for the diagnosis of anaphylaxis in 102 patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2013;160(2):192-9.全文  摘要

77. Brown SG, Blackman KE, Heddle RJ. Can serum mast cell tryptase help diagnose anaphylaxis? Emerg Med Australas. 2004 Apr;16(2):120-4. 摘要

78. Simons FE, Frew AJ, Ansotegui IJ, et al. Risk assessment in anaphylaxis: current and future approaches. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Jul;120(1 Suppl):S2-24. 摘要

79. Simons FE, Ebisawa M, Sanchez-Borges M, et al. 2015 update of the evidence base: World Allergy Organization anaphylaxis guidelines. World Allergy Organ J. 2015 Oct 28;8(1):32.全文  摘要

80. Kusminsky RE. Complications of central venous catheterization. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Apr;204(4):681-96. 摘要

81. McGee DC, Gould MK. Preventing complications of central venous catheterization. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 20;348(12):1123-33.全文  摘要

82. Smith RN, Nolan JP. Central venous catheters. BMJ. 2013 Nov 11;347:f6570.全文  摘要

83. Reich DL. Monitoring in anesthesia and perioperative care. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.

84. Abbott Northwestern Hospital Internal Medicine Residency. Internal jugular central venous line. 2015 [internet publication].全文

85. Bishop L, Dougherty L, Bodenham A, et al. Guidelines on the insertion and management of central venous access devices in adults. Int J Lab Hematol. 2007 Aug;29(4):261-78. 摘要

86. Practice guidelines for central venous access 2020: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Central Venous Access. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jan;132(1):8-43.全文  摘要

87. Fletcher SJ, Bodenham AR. Safe placement of central venous catheters: where should the tip of the catheter lie? Br J Anaesth. 2000 Aug;85(2):188-91.全文  摘要

88. Gibson F, Bodenham A. Misplaced central venous catheters: applied anatomy and practical management. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Mar;110(3):333-46.全文  摘要

89. Schuster M, Nave H, Piepenbrock S, et al. The carina as a landmark in central venous catheter placement. Br J Anaesth. 2000 Aug;85(2):192-4.全文  摘要

90. Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;(1):CD007798.全文  摘要

91. Soar J, Böttiger BW, Carli P, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2021 Apr;161:115-151.全文  摘要

92. Soar J, Nolan JP, Böttiger BW, et al. European Resuscitation Council Guidelines for Resuscitation 2015: Section 3. Adult advanced life support. Resuscitation. 2015 Oct;95:100-47.全文  摘要

93. Resuscitation Council (UK). Adult advanced life support. May 2021 [internet publication].全文

94. Resuscitation Council (UK). Paediatric advanced life support. 2015 [internet publication].全文

95. Van de Voorde P, Turner NM, Djakow J, et al. European Resuscitation Council guidelines 2021: paediatric life support. Resuscitation. 2021 Apr;161:327-87.全文  摘要

96. Maurer M, Magerl M, Ansotegui I, et al. The international WAO/EAACI guideline for the management of hereditary angioedema: the 2017 revision and update. Allergy. 2018 Aug;73(8):1575-96.全文  摘要

97. Simons FE, Chan ES, Gu X, et al. Epinephrine for the out-of-hospital (first-aid) treatment of anaphylaxis in infants: is the ampule/syringe/needle method practical? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Dec;108(6):1040-4.全文  摘要

98. Song TT, Nelson MR, Chang JH, et al. Adequacy of the epinephrine autoinjector needle length in delivering epinephrine to the intramuscular tissues. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005 May;94(5):539-42. 摘要

99. O'Driscoll BR, Howard LS, Earis J, et al. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. Thorax. 2017 Jun;72(suppl 1):ii1-90. 摘要

100. Chu DK, Kim LH, Young PJ, et al. Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1693-705. 摘要

101. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital. May 2017 [internet publication].全文

102. Semler MW, Self WH, Wanderer JP, et al. Balanced crystalloids versus saline in critically ill adults. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 1;378(9):829-39.全文  摘要

103. Thomas M, Crawford I. Best evidence topic report: glucagon infusion in refractory anaphylactic shock in patients on beta-blockers. Emerg Med J. 2005 Apr;22(4):272-3.全文  摘要

104. Sheikh A, Shehata YA, Brown-Simon GA, et al. Adrenaline (epinephrine) for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Oct 8;(4):CD006312.全文  摘要

105. Muraro A, Werfel T, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, et al. EAACI food allergy and anaphylaxis guidelines: diagnosis and management of food allergy. Allergy. 2014 Jun 9;69(8):1008-25.全文  摘要

106. Greenberger PA, Rotskoff BD, Lifschultz B. Fatal anaphylaxis: postmortem findings and associated comorbid diseases. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2007 Mar;98(3):252-7. 摘要

107. Bock SA, Muñoz-Furlong A, Sampson HA. Further fatalities caused by anaphylactic reactions to food, 2001-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Apr;119(4):1016-8.全文  摘要

108. Pumphrey RS, Gowland MH. Further fatal allergic reactions to food in the United Kingdom, 1999-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Apr;119(4):1018-9.全文  摘要

109. Smith PL, Kagey-Sobotka A, Bleecker ER, et al. Physiologic manifestations of human anaphylaxis. J Clin Invest. 1980 Nov;66(5):1072-80.全文  摘要

110. Brown SG, Blackman KE, Stenlake V, et al. Insect sting anaphylaxis; prospective evaluation of treatment with intravenous adrenaline and volume resuscitation. Emerg Med J. 2004 Mar;21(2):149-54.全文  摘要

111. Scranton SE, Gonzalez EG, Waibel KH. Incidence and characteristics of biphasic reactions after allergen immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Feb;123(2):493-8.全文  摘要

112. Confino-Cohen R, Goldberg A. Allergen immunotherapy-induced biphasic systemic reactions: incidence, characteristics, and outcome: a prospective study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Jan;104(1):73-8. 摘要

113. Simons KJ, Simons FE. Epinephrine and its use in anaphylaxis: current issues. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Aug;10(4):354-61. 摘要

114. Kemp SF, Lockey RF, Simons FE, et al. Epinephrine: the drug of choice for anaphylaxis. A statement of the World Allergy Organization. Allergy. 2008 Aug;63(8):1061-70. 摘要

115. Manivannan V, Campbell RL, Bellolio MF, et al. Factors associated with repeated use of epinephrine for the treatment of anaphylaxis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2009 Nov;103(5):395-400.全文  摘要

116. Rudders SA, Banerji A, Katzman DP, et al. Multiple epinephrine doses for stinging insect hypersensitivity reactions treated in the emergency department. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2010 Jul;105(1):85-93.全文  摘要

117. Gaeta TJ, Clark S, Pelletier AJ, et al. National study of US emergency department visits for acute allergic reactions, 1993 to 2004. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2007 Apr;98(4):360-5. 摘要

118. Simons FE, Clark S, Camargo CA Jr. Anaphylaxis in the community: learning from the survivors. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Aug;124(2):301-6.全文  摘要

119. Simons FE, Edwards ES, Read EJ Jr, et al. Voluntarily reported unintentional injections from epinephrine auto-injectors. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Feb;125(2):419-23.全文  摘要

120. Ben-Shoshan M, Kagan R, Primeau MN, et al. Availability of the epinephrine autoinjector at school in children with peanut allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008 Jun;100(6):570-5. 摘要

121. Campbell RL, Luke A, Weaver AL, et al. Prescriptions for self-injectable epinephrine and follow-up referral in emergency department patients presenting with anaphylaxis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2008 Dec;101(6):631-6.全文  摘要

122. Kanwar M, Irvin CB, Frank JJ, et al. Confusion about epinephrine dosing leading to iatrogenic overdose: a life-threatening problem with a potential solution. Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Apr;55(4):341-4. 摘要

123. Simons FE, Gu X, Simons KJ. Epinephrine absorption in adults: intramuscular versus subcutaneous injection. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Nov;108(5):871-3. 摘要

124. Simons FE, Roberts JR, Gu X, et al. Epinephrine absorption in children with a history of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 Jan;101(1 Pt 1):33-7. 摘要

125. Simons FE, Gu X, Johnston LM, et al. Can epinephrine inhalations be substituted for epinephrine injection in children at risk for systemic anaphylaxis? Pediatrics. 2000 Nov;106(5):1040-4. 摘要

126. Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy. Acute management of anaphylaxis. 2021 [internet publication].

127. Zampieri FG, Machado FR, Biondi RS, et al. Effect of intravenous fluid treatment with a balanced solution vs 0.9% saline solution on mortality in critically ill patients: the BaSICS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021 Aug 10;326(9):1-12. 摘要

128. Finfer S, Micallef S, Hammond N, et al. Balanced Multielectrolyte Solution versus Saline in Critically Ill Adults. N Engl J Med. 2022 Mar 3;386(9):815-26. 摘要

129. Hammond DA, Lam SW, Rech MA, et al. Balanced crystalloids versus saline in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Pharmacother. 2020 Jan;54(1):5-13.全文  摘要

130. Young P, Bailey M, Beasley R, et al. Effect of a Buffered Crystalloid Solution vs Saline on Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients in the Intensive Care Unit: The SPLIT Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2015 Oct 27;314(16):1701-10.全文  摘要

131. Antequera Martín AM, Barea Mendoza JA, Muriel A, et al. Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jul 19;(7):CD012247.全文  摘要

132. Runge JW, Martinez JC, Caravati EM, et al. Histamine antagonists in the treatment of acute allergic reactions. Ann Emerg Med. 1992 Mar;21(3):237-42. 摘要

133. Lin RY, Curry A, Pesola GR, et al. Improved outcomes in patients with acute allergic syndromes who are treated with combined H1 and H2 antagonists. Ann Emerg Med. 2000 Nov;36(5):462-8. 摘要

134. Nurmatov UB, Rhatigan E, Simons FE, et al. H2-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock: a systematic review. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2014 Feb;112(2):126-31. 摘要

135. Sheikh A, Ten Broek VM, Brown-Simon GA, et al. H1-antihistamines for the treatment of anaphylaxis with and without shock. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Jan 24;(1):CD006160.全文  摘要

136. Choo KJ, Simons FE, Sheikh A. Glucocorticoids for the treatment of anaphylaxis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Apr 18;(4):CD007596.全文  摘要

137. Liyanage CK, Galappatthy P, Seneviratne SL. Corticosteroids in management of anaphylaxis; a systematic review of evidence. Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Sep;49(5):196-207.全文  摘要

138. Alqurashi W, Ellis AK. Do corticosteroids prevent biphasic anaphylaxis? J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2017 Sep - Oct;5(5):1194-205. 摘要

139. Kraft M, Scherer Hofmeier K, Ruëff F, et al. Risk factors and characteristics of biphasic anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Nov-Dec;8(10):3388-95.e6. 摘要

140. Pumphrey RS, Roberts IS. Postmortem findings after fatal anaphylactic reactions. J Clin Pathol. 2000 Apr;53(4):273-6.全文  摘要

141. Lee S, Bellolio MF, Hess EP, et al. Time of onset and predictors of biphasic anaphylactic reactions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2015 May-Jun;3(3):408-16.e1-2. 摘要

142. Kim TH, Yoon SH, Hong H, et al. Duration of observation for detecting a biphasic reaction in anaphylaxis: a meta-analysis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019;179(1):31-6. 摘要

143. European Medicines Agency. Adrenaline auto-injectors. August 2015 [internet publication].全文

144. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Adrenaline auto-injectors: updated advice after European review. August 2017 [internet publication].全文

145. Wood RA. Food allergen immunotherapy: current status and prospects for the future. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Apr;137(4):973-82.全文  摘要

146. Wang J, Sampson HA. Food allergy: recent advances in pathophysiology and treatment. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2009 Oct;1(1):19-29.全文  摘要

147. Kleine-Tebbe JB, Huttegger IJ, Saloga U, et al. Specific immunotherapy (hyposensitization) for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. Allergologie. 2010;33:3-34.

148. Enrique E, Pineda F, Malek T, et al. Sublingual immunotherapy for hazelnut food allergy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with a standardized hazelnut extract. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2005 Nov;116(5):1073-9. 摘要

149. Mondoulet L, Dioszeghy V, Ligouis M, et al. Epicutaneous immunotherapy on intact skin using a new delivery system in a murine model of allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010 Apr;40(4):659-67. 摘要

150. Larché M. Peptide immunotherapy for allergic diseases. Allergy. 2007 Mar;62(3):325-31.全文  摘要

151. Worm M, Patel D, Creticos PS. Cat peptide antigen desensitisation for treating cat allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2013 Aug 21;22(10):1347-57.全文  摘要

152. Incorvaia C, Montagni M, Ridolo E. The efficiency of peptide immunotherapy for respiratory allergy. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Mar 7;9(6):831-7. 摘要

153. Li XM, Srivastava K, Grishin A, et al. Persistent protective effect of heat-killed Escherichia coli producing "engineered", recombinant peanut proteins in a murine model of peanut allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Jul;112(1):159-67. 摘要

154. Li XM, Srivastava K, Huleatt JW, et al. Engineered recombinant peanut protein and heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes coadministration protects against peanut-induced anaphylaxis in a murine model. J Immunol. 2003 Mar 15;170(6):3289-95.全文  摘要

155. Prickett SR, Voskamp AL, Phan T, et al. Ara h 1 CD4+ T cell epitope-based peptides: candidates for a peanut allergy therapeutic. Clin Exp Allergy. 2013 Jun;43(6):684-97.全文  摘要

156. Pascal M, Konstantinou GN, Masilamani M, et al. In silico prediction of Ara h 2 T cell epitopes in peanut-allergic children. Clin Exp Allergy. 2013 Jan;43(1):116-27. 摘要

157. Tighe H, Takabayashi K, Schwartz D, et al. Conjugation of immunostimulatory DNA to the short ragweed allergen amb a 1 enhances its immunogenicity and reduces its allergenicity. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000 Jul;106(1 Pt 1):124-34. 摘要

158. Zhu FG, Kandimalla ER, Yu D, et al. Oral administration of a synthetic agonist of Toll-like receptor 9 potently modulates peanut-induced allergy in mice. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Jun 20;120(3):631-7.全文  摘要

159. British National Formulary. Oomalizumab. 2020 [internet publication].全文

160. Leung DY, Sampson HA, Yunginger JW, et al. Effect of anti-IgE therapy in patients with peanut allergy. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 13;348(11):986-93.全文  摘要

161. Ramesh M, Karagic M. New modalities of allergen immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Sep 5:1-16. 摘要

162. Li XM, Srivastava K. Traditional Chinese medicine for the therapy of allergic disorders. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Jun;14(3):191-6. 摘要

163. Qu C, Srivastava K, Ko J, et al. Induction of tolerance after establishment of peanut allergy by the food allergy herbal formula-2 is associated with up-regulation of interferon-gamma. Clin Exp Allergy. 2007 Jun;37(6):846-55. 摘要

164. Lisann L, Song Y, Wang J, et al. Successful prevention of extremely frequent and severe food anaphylaxis in three children by combined traditional Chinese medicine therapy. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2014 Dec 20;10(1):66.全文  摘要

165. Arias K, Baig M, Colangelo M, et al. Concurrent blockade of platelet-activating factor and histamine prevents life-threatening peanut-induced anaphylactic reactions. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Aug;124(2):307-14, 314.e1-2. 摘要

166. Lieberman P. Biphasic anaphylactic reactions. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2005 Sep;95(3):217-26; quiz 226, 258. 摘要

167. Kastner M, Harada L, Waserman S. Gaps in anaphylaxis management at the level of physicians, patients, and the community: a systematic review of the literature. Allergy. 2010 Apr;65(4):435-44. 摘要

168. Mertes PM, Malinovsky JM, Jouffroy L, et al. Reducing the risk of anaphylaxis during anesthesia: 2011 updated guidelines for clinical practice. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21(6):442-53. 摘要

169. Sicherer SH, Simons FE. Epinephrine for first-aid management of anaphylaxis. Pediatrics. 2017 Mar;139(3).全文  摘要

170. Wang J, Sicherer SH. Guidance on completing a written allergy and anaphylaxis emergency plan. Pediatrics. 2017 Mar;139(3).全文  摘要

Comorbidities Manager reference articles

171. Triggiani M, Patella V, Staiano RI, et al. Allergy and the cardiovascular system. Clin Exp Immunol. 2008 Sep;153 Suppl 1:7-11全文  摘要

172. Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: guidelines for healthcare providers. May 2021 [internet publication].全文

173. Royal College of Physicians. National early warning score (NEWS2). Standardising the assessment of acute-illness severity in the NHS. December 2017 [internet publication]全文

174. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. 2023 [internet publication]全文

175. British Thoracic Society; Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. British guideline on the management of asthma: a national clinical guideline. July 2019 [internet publication].全文

176. O'Driscoll BR, Howard LS, Earis J, et al; British Thoracic Society Emergency Oxygen Guideline Group; BTS Emergency Oxygen Guideline Development Group. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. Thorax. 2017 Jun;72(suppl 1):ii1-90 摘要

177. Chu DK, Kim LH, Young PJ, et al. Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Apr 26;391(10131):1693-1705 摘要

178. Siemieniuk RAC, Chu DK, Kim LH, et al. Oxygen therapy for acutely ill medical patients: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2018 Oct 24;363:k4169全文  摘要

179. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Intravenous fluid therapy in adults in hospital. Clinical guideline CG174. May 2017 [internet publication]全文

180. Verbrugge FH, Grieten L, Mullens W. Management of the cardiorenal syndrome in decompensated heart failure. Cardiorenal Med. 2014 Dec;4(3-4):176-88全文  摘要

181. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. Management of hyperglycaemia and steroid (glucocorticosteroid) therapy. Jan 2023 [internet publication].全文

182. Judd LL, Schettler PJ, Brown ES, et al. Adverse consequences of glucocorticoid medication: psychological, cognitive, and behavioral effects. Am J Psychiatry. 2014 Oct;171(10):1045-51全文  摘要

183. Kenna HA, Poon AW, de los Angeles CP, et al. Psychiatric complications of treatment with corticosteroids: review with case report. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2011 Oct;65(6):549-60全文  摘要

184. Fardet L, Nazareth I, Whitaker HJ, et al. Severe neuropsychiatric outcomes following discontinuation of long-term glucocorticoid therapy: a cohort study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013 Apr;74(4):e281-6 摘要

185. Warrington TP, Bostwick JM. Psychiatric adverse effects of corticosteroids. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006 Oct;81(10):1361-7全文  摘要

186. Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: guidelines for healthcare providers. May 2021 [internet publication]全文

187. Pumphrey RS, Gowland MH. Further fatal allergic reactions to food in the United Kingdom, 1999-2006. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Apr;119(4):1018-9全文  摘要

188. Hogervorst VM, Buurman BM, De Jonghe A, et al. Emergency department management of older people living with frailty: a guide for emergency practitioners. Emerg Med J. 2021 Sep;38(9):724-9 摘要

189. NHS England. Toolkit for general practice in supporting older people living with frailty. March 2017 [internet publication]全文

190. Rockwood K; British Geriatrics Society. Silver book II: frailty. February 2021 [internet publication]全文

191. Royal College of Physicians. Acute care toolkit 3. Acute care for older people living with frailty. December 2020 [internet publication]全文

192. Wallis SJ, Wall J, Biram RW, et al. Association of the clinical frailty scale with hospital outcomes. QJM. 2015 Dec;108(12):943-9全文  摘要

193. Conroy SP, Bardsley M, Smith P, et al. Comprehensive geriatric assessment for frail older people in acute hospitals: the HoW-CGA mixed-methods study. Health Services and Delivery Research. 2019 April:7(15)全文

194. Quinn TJ, Mooijaart SP, Gallacher K, et al. Acute care assessment of older adults living with frailty. BMJ. 2019 Jan 31;364:l13 摘要

195. Fritz Z, Slowther AM, Perkins GD. Resuscitation policy should focus on the patient, not the decision. BMJ. 2017 Feb 28;356:j813全文  摘要

196. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Decision making and mental capacity. October 2018 [internet publication]全文

197. Office of the Public Guardian. Mental Capacity Act: making decisions. October 2014 [internet publiction]全文

198. Social Care Institute for Excellence. Independent mental capacity advocate (IMCA). January 2010 [internet publication]全文

199. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. The management of diabetic ketoacidosis in adults. Mar 2023 [internet publication].全文

200. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. The management of the hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state (HHS) in adults. Feb 2022 [internet publication].全文

201. Chowdhury TA, Cheston H, Claydon A. Managing adults with diabetes in hospital during an acute illness. BMJ. 2017 Jun 22;357:j2551 摘要

202. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. Self-management of diabetes in hospital. Feb 2023 [internet publication].全文

203. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. Glycaemic management during the inpatient enteral feeding of stroke patients with diabetes. Nov 2019 [internet publication].全文

204. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. The use of variable rate intravenous insulin infusion (VRIII) in medical inpatients. Oct 2014 [internet publication].全文

205. Joint British Diabetes Societies for Inpatient Care. A good inpatient diabetes service. Jul 2019 [internet publication].全文

206. Centre for Perioperative Care. Guideline for perioperative care for people with diabetes mellitus undergoing elective and emergency surgery. Dec 2022 [internet publication].全文

207. Pasquel FJ, Lansang MC, Dhatariya K, et al. Management of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in the hospital. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Mar;9(3):174-88全文  摘要

208. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. SGLT2 inhibitors: monitor ketones in blood during treatment interruption for surgical procedures or acute serious medical illness. March 2020 [internet publication]全文

209. Peters AL, Buschur EO, Buse JB, et al. Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis: a potential complication of treatment with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibition. Diabetes Care. 2015 Jun 15;38(9):1687-93 摘要

210. American Diabetes Association. 16. Diabetes care in the hospital: standards of medical care in diabetes - 2022. Diabetes Care. 2022 Jan 1;45(suppl 1):S244-S253.全文  摘要

211. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Type 1 diabetes in adults: diagnosis and management. March 2022 [internet publication]全文

212. Joint British Diabetes Societies for inpatient care. A good inpatient diabetes service. July 2019 [internet publication]全文

213. Joint British Diabetes Societies for inpatient care. Inpatient care of the frail older adult with diabetes. 2019 [internet publication]全文

214. van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001 Nov 8;345(19):1359-67全文  摘要

215. NICE-SUGAR Study Investigators; Finfer S, Chittock DR, Su SY, et al. Intensive versus conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26;360(13):1283-97.全文  摘要

216. Marik PE, Preiser JC. Toward understanding tight glycemic control in the ICU: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Chest. 2010 Mar;137(3):544-51全文  摘要

217. Pasquel FJ, Lansang MC, Dhatariya K, et al. Management of diabetes and hyperglycaemia in the hospital. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Mar;9(3):174-88.全文  摘要

218. Rehman A, Setter SM, Vue MH. Drug-induced glucose alterations part 2: drug-Induced hyperglycemia. Diabetes Spect. 2011 Nov;24(4):234-8全文

219. NHS Digital. National Diabetes Inpatient Audit (NaDIA) - 2019. Nov 2020 [internet publication]全文

220. Joint British Diabetes Societies for inpatient care. The hospital management of hypoglycaemia in adults with diabetes mellitus. March 2022 [internet publication]全文

221. Salpeter SR, Ormiston TM, Salpeter EE. Cardiovascular effects of beta-agonists in patients with asthma and COPD: a meta-analysis. Chest. 2004 Jun;125(6):2309-21全文  摘要

222. Au DH, Curtis JR, Every NR, et al. Association between inhaled beta-agonists and the risk of unstable angina and myocardial infarction. Chest. 2002 Mar;121(3):846-51全文  摘要

223. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 2023 [internet publication]全文

224. Walters JA, Tan DJ, White CJ, et al. Different durations of corticosteroid therapy for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Mar 19;3:CD006897全文  摘要

225. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management. July 2019 [internet publication]全文

226. Grau AJ, Urbanek C, Palm F. Common infections and the risk of stroke. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010 Nov 9;6(12):681-94 摘要

227. Eigenbrodt ML, Rose KM, Couper DJ, et al. Orthostatic hypotension as a risk factor for stroke: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study, 1987-1996. Stroke. 2000 Oct;31(10):2307-13 摘要

228. Winstein CJ, Stein J, Arena R, et al. Guidelines for adult stroke rehabilitation and recovery: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2016 May 4;47(6):e98-e169全文  摘要

229. Pendlebury ST, Klaus SP, Mather M, et al. Routine cognitive screening in older patients admitted to acute medicine: abbreviated mental test score (AMTS) and subjective memory complaint versus Montreal Cognitive Assessment and IQCODE. Age Ageing. 2015 Oct 13;44(6):1000-5全文  摘要

230. Hodkinson HM. Evaluation of a mental test score for assessment of mental impairment in the elderly. Age Ageing. 1972 Nov;1(4):233-8 摘要

231. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Delirium: prevention, diagnosis and management in hospital and long-term care. Jan 2023 [internet publication].全文

232. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. Jun 2018 [internet publication].全文

233. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Risk reduction and management of delirium. Mar 2019 [internet publication].全文

234. Nova Scotia Health Authority. This is not my Mom. 2012 [internet publication]全文

235. Inouye SK, Schlesinger MJ, Lydon TJ. Delirium: a symptom of how hospital care is failing older persons and a window to improve quality of hospital care. Am J Med. 1999 May;106(5):565-73 摘要

236. Bellelli G, Morandi A, Davis DH, et al. Validation of the 4AT, a new instrument for rapid delirium screening: a study in 234 hospitalised older people. Age Ageing. 2014 Mar 2;43(4):496-502.全文  摘要

237. MacLullich AM, Shenkin SD, Goodacre S, et al. The 4 'A's test for detecting delirium in acute medical patients: a diagnostic accuracy study. Health Technol Assess. 2019 Aug;23(40):1-194全文  摘要

238. White S, Griffiths R, Baxter M, et al. Guidelines for the peri-operative care of people with dementia: guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists. Anaesthesia. 2019 Jan 11;74(3):357-72全文  摘要

239. Siddiqi N, Harrison JK, Clegg A, et al. Interventions for preventing delirium in hospitalised non-ICU patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 11;3:CD005563全文  摘要

240. Martinez F, Tobar C, Hill N. Preventing delirium: should non-pharmacological, multicomponent interventions be used? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Age Ageing. 2014 Nov 25;44(2):196-204全文  摘要

241. Public Health England. Urinary tract infection: diagnostic tools for primary care. October 2020 [internet publication]全文

242. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Haloperidol (haldol): reminder of risks when used in elderly patients for the acute treatment of delirium. 2021 [internet publication]全文

243. Ma H, Huang Y, Cong Z, et al. The efficacy and safety of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of dementia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Alzheimers Dis. 2014;42(3):915-37 摘要

244. Huybrechts KF, Gerhard T, Crystal S, et al. Differential risk of death in older residents in nursing homes prescribed specific antipsychotic drugs: population based cohort study. BMJ. 2012 Feb 23;344:e977全文  摘要

245. Van Leeuwen E, Petrovic M, van Driel ML, et al. Withdrawal versus continuation of long-term antipsychotic drug use for behavioural and psychological symptoms in older people with dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Mar 30;3:CD007726.全文  摘要

246. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med. 2001 Sep;16(9):606-13 摘要

247. Boden JM, Fergusson DM. Alcohol and depression. Addiction. 2011 May;106(5):906-14. 摘要

248. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Liaison psychiatry. In: Emergency acute medical care in over 16s: service delivery and organisation. March 2018 [internet publication]全文

249. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD). Treat as one. Bridging the gap between mental and physical healthcare in general hospitals. 2017 [internet publication]全文

250. DiMatteo MR, Lepper HS, Croghan TW. Depression is a risk factor for noncompliance with medical treatment: meta-analysis of the effects of anxiety and depression on patient adherence. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Jul 24;160(14):2101-7 摘要

251. Clarke DM, Currie KC. Depression, anxiety and their relationship with chronic diseases: a review of the epidemiology, risk and treatment evidence. Med J Aust. 2009 Apr 6;190(S7):S54-60 摘要

252. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Depression in adults with a chronic physical health problem: recognition and management. October 2009 [internet publication]全文

253. Prina AM, Cosco TD, Dening T, et al. The association between depressive symptoms in the community, non-psychiatric hospital admission and hospital outcomes: a systematic review. J Psychosom Res. 2015 Jan;78(1):25-33全文  摘要

254. Archer G, Kuh D, Hotopf M, et al. Association between lifetime affective symptoms and premature mortality. JAMA Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 1;77(8):806-13全文  摘要

255. Machado MO, Veronese N, Sanches M, et al. The association of depression and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. BMC Med. 2018 Jul 20;16(1):112全文  摘要

256. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence. Jan 2023 [internet publication].全文

257. Theodoulou A, Chepkin SC, Ye W, et al. Different doses, durations and modes of delivery of nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Jun 19;6(6):CD013308全文  摘要

258. Rigotti NA, Kruse GR, Livingstone-Banks J, et al. Treatment of tobacco smoking: a review. JAMA. 2022 Feb 8;327(6):566-77.全文  摘要

259. Thomas KH, Dalili MN, López-López JA, et al. Comparative clinical effectiveness and safety of tobacco cessation pharmacotherapies and electronic cigarettes: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Addiction. 2022 Apr;117(4):861-76.全文  摘要

260. Livingstone-Banks J, Fanshawe TR, Thomas KH, et al. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 June 28;6(6):CD006103全文

内容使用需遵循免责声明