结直肠癌

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening [internet publication].全文

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Colorectal cancer. Dec 2021 [internet publication].全文

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: rectal cancer [internet publication].全文

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer [internet publication].全文

Sepulveda AR, Hamilton SR, Allegra CJ, et al. Molecular biomarkers for the evaluation of colorectal cancer: guideline from the American Society for Clinical Pathology, College of American Pathologists, Association for Molecular Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017 Feb 6;141(5):625-57.全文  摘要

1. Ansa BE, Coughlin SS, Alema-Mensah E, et al. Evaluation of Colorectal Cancer Incidence Trends in the United States (2000-2014). J Clin Med. 2018 Jan 30;7(2):.全文  摘要

2. Amin MB, Edge S, Greene F, et al. (eds); American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC cancer staging manual. 8th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2017.

3. Thorne K, Hutchings HA, Elwyn G. The effects of the two-week rule on NHS colorectal cancer diagnostic services: a systematic literature review. BMC Health Serv Res. 2006 Apr 3;6:43-7.全文  摘要

4. National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: colorectal cancer. 2022 [internet publication].全文

5. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures 2023 [internet publication].全文

6. GBD 2019 Colorectal Cancer Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of colorectal cancer and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022 Jul;7(7):627-47.全文  摘要

7. Cancer Research UK. Bowel cancer deaths drop by a third in 20 years. Aug 2017 [internet publication].全文

8. Fedewa SA, Flanders WD, Ward KC, et al. Racial and ethnic disparities in interval colorectal cancer incidence: a population-based cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Jun 20;166(12):857-66. 摘要

9. American Cancer Society. Colorectal cancer facts and figures, 2020-2022. 2020 [internet publication].全文

10. Butterworth AS, Higgins JP, Pharoah P. Relative and absolute risk of colorectal cancer for individuals with a family history: a meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2006 Jan;42(2):216-27. 摘要

11. Song M, Emilsson L, Roelstraete B, et al. Risk of colorectal cancer in first degree relatives of patients with colorectal polyps: nationwide case-control study in Sweden. BMJ. 2021 May 4;373:n877.全文  摘要

12. Jasperson KW, Tuohy TM, Neklason DW, et al. Hereditary and familial colon cancer. Gastroenterology. 2010 Jun;138(6):2044-58.全文  摘要

13. Ma H, Brosens LA, Offerhaus GJ, et al. Pathology and genetics of hereditary colorectal cancer. Pathology. 2017 Nov 21;50(1):49-59. 摘要

14. Dong Y, Zhou J, Zhu Y, et al. Abdominal obesity and colorectal cancer risk: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Biosci Rep. 2017 Dec 12;37(6):BSR20170945.全文  摘要

15. Wong MC, Chan CH, Cheung W, et al. Association between investigator-measured body-mass index and colorectal adenoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 168,201 subjects. Eur J Epidemiol. 2017 Dec 29;33(1):15-26.全文  摘要

16. Doleman B, Mills KT, Lim S, et al. Body mass index and colorectal cancer prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tech Coloproctol. 2016 Jun 24;20(8):517-35. 摘要

17. Ma Y, Yang Y, Wang F, et al. Obesity and risk of colorectal cancer: a systematic review of prospective studies. PLoS One. 2013 Jan 17;8(1):e53916.全文  摘要

18. Hidayat K, Yang CM, Shi BM. Body fatness at an early age and risk of colorectal cancer. Int J Cancer. 2018 Feb 15;142(4):729-40.全文  摘要

19. Liu PH, Wu K, Ng K, et al. Association of obesity with risk of early-onset colorectal cancer among women. JAMA Oncol. 2019 Jan 1;5(1):37-44.全文  摘要

20. Mao Y, Pan S, Wen SW, et al; Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group. Physical inactivity, energy intake, obesity and the risk of rectal cancer in Canada. Int J Cancer. 2003 Jul 20;105(6):831-7. 摘要

21. Wolin KY, Yan Y, Colditz GA, Lee IM. Physical activity and colon cancer prevention: a meta-analysis. Br J Cancer. 2009 Feb 24;100(4):611-6.全文  摘要

22. Chao A, Thun MJ, Connell CJ, et al. Meat consumption and risk of colorectal cancer. JAMA. 2005 Jan 12;293(2):172-82.全文  摘要

23. Norat T, Bingham S, Ferrari P, et al. Meat, fish, and colorectal cancer risk: the European Prospective Investigation into cancer and nutrition. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Jun 15;97(12):906-16.全文  摘要

24. Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Colditz GA, et al. Relation of meat, fat, and fiber intake to the risk of colon cancer in a prospective study among women. N Engl J Med. 1990 Dec 13;323(24):1664-72. 摘要

25. Huang J, Pan G, Jiang H, et al. A meta-analysis between dietary carbohydrate intake and colorectal cancer risk: evidence from 17 observational studies. Biosci Rep. 2017 Apr 10;37(2):BSR20160553.全文  摘要

26. Ferguson LR, Harris PJ. The dietary fibre debate: more food for thought. Lancet. 2003 May 3;361(9368):1487-8. 摘要

27. Song M, Wu K, Meyerhardt JA, et al. Fiber intake and survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Jan 1;4(1):71-9.全文  摘要

28. Ma Y, Hu M, Zhou L, et al. Dietary fiber intake and risks of proximal and distal colon cancers: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Sep;97(36):e11678.全文  摘要

29. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colorectal cancer screening [internet publication].全文

30. Chao A, Thun MJ, Jacobs EJ, et al. Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer mortality in the cancer prevention study II. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2000 Dec 6;92(23):1888-96.全文  摘要

31. Hannan LM, Jacobs EJ, Thun MJ. The association between cigarette smoking and risk of colorectal cancer in a large prospective cohort from the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Dec;18(12):3362-7.全文  摘要

32. Fedirko V, Tramacere I, Bagnardi V, et al. Alcohol drinking and colorectal cancer risk: an overall and dose-response meta-analysis of published studies. Ann Oncol. 2011 Sep;22(9):1958-72.全文  摘要

33. Arnold CN, Goel A, Blum HE, et al. Molecular pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. Cancer. 2005 Nov 15;104(10):2035-47.全文  摘要

34. Pino MS, Chung DC. The chromosomal instability pathway in colon cancer. Gastroenterology. 2010 Jun;138(6):2059-72.全文  摘要

35. Sinicrope FA, Sargent DJ. Molecular pathways: microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer: prognostic, predictive, and therapeutic implications. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Mar 15;18(6):1506-12.全文  摘要

36. Nazemalhosseini Mojarad E, Kuppen PJ, Aghdaei HA, et al. The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in colorectal cancer. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2013 Summer;6(3):120-8.全文  摘要

37. Sundermeyer ML, Meropol NJ, Rogatko A, et al. Changing patterns of bone and brain metastases in patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2005 Jul;5(2):108-13. 摘要

38. Christensen TD, Spindler KL, Palshof JA, et al. Systematic review: brain metastases from colorectal cancer - incidence and patient characteristics. BMC Cancer. 2016 Apr 1;16:260.全文  摘要

39. Petersen GM, Slack J, Nakamura Y. Screening guidelines and premorbid diagnosis of familial adenomatous polyposis using linkage. Gastroenterology. 1991 Jun;100(6):1658-64. 摘要

40. Vasen HF, Blanco I, Aktan-Collan K, et al. Revised guidelines for the clinical management of Lynch syndrome (HNPCC): recommendations by a group of European experts. Gut. 2013 Feb 13;62(6):812-23.全文  摘要

41. Meyers M, Theodosiou M, Acharya S, et al. Cell cycle regulation of the human DNA mismatch repair genes hMSH2, hMLH1, and hPMS2. Cancer Res. 1997 Jan 15;57(2):206-8. 摘要

42. Wang Q, Lasset C, Desseigne F, et al. Prevalence of germline mutations of hMLH1, hMSH2, hPMS1, hPMS2, and hMSH6 genes in 75 French kindreds with nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Hum Genet. 1999 Jul-Aug;105(1-2):79-85. 摘要

43. Fu L, Sheng JQ, Li XO, et al. Mismatch repair gene mutation analysis and colonoscopy surveillance in Chinese Lynch syndrome families. Cell Oncol (Dordr). 2013 Jun;36(3):225-31. 摘要

44. De Jong AE, Morreau H, Van Puijenbroek M, et al. The role of mismatch repair gene defects in the development of adenomas in patients with HNPCC. Gastroenterology. 2004 Jan;126(1):42-8. 摘要

45. Yamamoto H, Imai K. Microsatellite instability: an update. Arch Toxicol. 2015 Feb 22;89(6):899-921. 摘要

46. Kidambi TD, Kohli DR, Samadder NJ, et al. Hereditary polyposis syndromes. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2019 Dec;17(4):650-65. 摘要

47. Giardiello FM, Bresinger JD, Tersmette AC, et al. Very high risk of cancer in familial Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2000 Dec;119(6):1447-53. 摘要

48. Bopanna S, Ananthakrishnan AN, Kedia S, et al. Risk of colorectal cancer in Asian patients with ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Feb 21;2(4):269-76.全文  摘要

49. Castaño-Milla C, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the declining risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Apr;39(7):645-59.全文  摘要

50. Jess T, Gamborg M, Matzen P, et al. Increased risk of intestinal cancer in Crohn's disease: a meta-analysis of population-based cohort studies. Am J Gastroenterol. 2005 Dec;100(12):2724-9. 摘要

51. Gilat T, Fireman Z, Grossman A, et al. Colorectal cancer in patients with ulcerative colitis. A population study in central Israel. Gastroenterology. 1988 Apr;94(4):870-7. 摘要

52. Eaden JA, Abrams KR, Mayberry JF. The risk of colorectal cancer in ulcerative colitis: a meta-analysis. Gut. 2001 Apr;48(4):526-35.全文  摘要

53. Renehan AG, O'Dwyer ST, Shalet SM. Screening colonoscopy for acromegaly in perspective. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2001 Dec;55(6):731-3. 摘要

54. Dal J, Leisner MZ, Hermansen K, et al. Cancer incidence in patients with acromegaly: a cohort study and meta-analysis of the literature. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jun 1;103(6):2182-8.全文  摘要

55. Kruk J, Aboul-Enein HY. Physical activity and cancer prevention: updating the evidence. The role of oxidative stress in carcinogenesis. Curr Cancer Ther Rev. 2007;3(2):81-95.

56. Wu W, Guo F, Ye J, et al. Pre- and post-diagnosis physical activity is associated with survival benefits of colorectal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget. 2016 Aug 9;7(32):52095-103.全文  摘要

57. Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, et al. Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat. Lancet Oncol. 2015 Dec;16(16):1599-600. 摘要

58. Guirguis-Blake JM, Evans CV, Perdue LA, et al. Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2022 Apr 26;327(16):1585-97.全文  摘要

59. Shaukat A, Kahi CJ, Burke CA, et al. ACG clinical guidelines: colorectal cancer screening 2021. Am J Gastroenterol. 2021 Mar 1;116(3):458-79.全文  摘要

60. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Colorectal cancer. Dec 2021 [internet publication].全文

61. Burn J, Sheth H, Elliott F, et al. Cancer prevention with aspirin in hereditary colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome), 10-year follow-up and registry-based 20-year data in the CAPP2 study: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2020 Jun 13;395(10240):1855-63.全文  摘要

62. Cook NR, Lee IM, Zhang SM, et al. Alternate-day, low-dose aspirin and cancer risk: long-term observational follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Jul 16;159(2):77-85.全文  摘要

63. Emilsson L, Holme Ø, Bretthauer M, et al. Systematic review with meta-analysis: the comparative effectiveness of aspirin vs. screening for colorectal cancer prevention. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Jan;45(2):193-204.全文  摘要

64. Giorli G, Rouette J, Yin H, et al. Prediagnostic use of low-dose aspirin and risk of incident metastasis and all-cause mortality among patients with colorectal cancer. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020 Nov;86(11):2266-73.全文  摘要

65. Guo CG, Ma W, Drew DA, et al. Aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer among older adults. JAMA Oncol. 2021 Mar 1;7(3):428-35.全文  摘要

66. Nishihara R, Lochhead P, Kuchiba A, et al. Aspirin use and risk of colorectal cancer according to BRAF mutation status. JAMA. 2013 Jun 26;309(24):2563-71.全文  摘要

67. Tomić T, Domínguez-López S, Barrios-Rodríguez R. Non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in prevention of colorectal cancer in people aged 40 or older: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol. 2019 Feb;58:52-62. 摘要

68. Rostom A, Dubé C, Lewin G, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors for primary prevention of colorectal cancer: a systematic review prepared for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Mar 6;146(5):376-89.全文  摘要

69. Baron JA, Beach M, Mandel JS, et al, for The Calcium Polyp Prevention Study Group. Calcium supplements for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 14;340(2):101-7.全文  摘要

70. Ben S, Du M, Ma G, et al. Vitamin B2 intake reduces the risk for colorectal cancer: a dose-response analysis. Eur J Nutr. 2019 Jun;58(4):1591-602. 摘要

71. Aglago EK, Huybrechts I, Murphy N, et al. Consumption of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is associated with reduced risk of colorectal cancer in a large European cohort. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Mar;18(3):654-66.e6.全文  摘要

72. Zauber AG, Winawer SJ, O'Brien MJ, et al. Colonoscopic polypectomy and long-term prevention of colorectal-cancer deaths. N Engl J Med. 2012 Feb 23;366(8):687-96.全文  摘要

73. Rex DK, Boland CR, Dominitz JA, et al. Colorectal cancer screening: recommendations for physicians and patients from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jun 6;112(7):1016-30.全文  摘要

74. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Suspected cancer: recognition and referral. Aug 2023 [internet publication].全文

75. Rockey DC, Cello JP. Evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with iron-deficiency anemia. N Engl J Med. 1993 Dec 2;329(23):1691-5.全文  摘要

76. Raje D, Mukhtar H, Oshowo A, et al. What proportion of patients referred to secondary care with iron deficiency anemia have colon cancer? Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 Aug;50(8):1211-4. 摘要

77. Atkin W, Dadswell E, Wooldrage K, et al; SIGGAR Investigators. Computed tomographic colonography versus colonoscopy for investigation of patients with symptoms suggestive of colorectal cancer (SIGGAR): a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2013 Apr 6;381(9873):1194-202. 摘要

78. Vogel JD, Felder SI, Bhama AR, et al. The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons clinical practice guidelines for the management of colon cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2022 Feb 1;65(2):148-77.全文  摘要

79. Bressler B, Paszat LF, Chen Z, et al. Rates of new or missed colorectal cancers after colonoscopy and their risk factors: a population-based analysis. Gastroenterology. 2007 Jan;132(1):96-102. 摘要

80. Lieberman DA, Weiss DG, Bond JH, et al; Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study Group 380. Use of colonoscopy to screen asymptomatic adults for colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2000 Jul 20;343(3):162-8.全文  摘要

81. Luning T, Keemers-Gels M, Barendregt W, et al. Colonoscopic perforations: a review of 30,366 patients. Surg Endosc. 2007 Jun;21(6):994-7. 摘要

82. Holme Ø, Bretthauer M, Fretheim A, et al. Flexible sigmoidoscopy versus faecal occult blood testing for colorectal cancer screening in asymptomatic individuals. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 1;(9):CD009259.全文  摘要

83. Gluecker TM, Johnson CD, Harmsen WS, et al. Colorectal cancer screening with CT colonography, colonoscopy, and double-contrast barium enema examination: prospective assessment of patient perceptions and preferences. Radiology. 2003 May;227(2):378-84. 摘要

84. Bosworth HB, Rockey DC, Paulson EK, et al. Prospective comparison of patient experience with colon imaging tests. Am J Med. 2006 Sep;119(9):791-9. 摘要

85. Halligan S, Wooldrage K, Dadswell E, et al; SIGGAR investigators. Computed tomographic colonography versus barium enema for diagnosis of colorectal cancer or large polyps in symptomatic patients (SIGGAR): a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet. 2013 Apr 6;381(9873):1185-93. 摘要

86. von Wagner C, Smith S, Halligan S, et al. Patient acceptability of CT colonography compared with double contrast barium enema: results from a multicentre randomised controlled trial of symptomatic patients. Eur Radiol. 2011 May 31;21(10):2046-55. 摘要

87. Rex DK, Rahmani EY, Haseman JH, et al. Relative sensitivity of colonoscopy and barium enema for detection of colorectal cancer in clinical practice. Gastroenterology. 1997 Jan;112(1):17-23. 摘要

88. Rockey RC, Paulson E, Niedzwiecki D, et al. Analysis of air contrast barium enema, computed tomographic colonography, and colonoscopy: prospective comparison. Lancet. 2005 Jan 22-28;365(9456):305-11. 摘要

89. Mulhall BP, Veerappan GR, Jackson JL. Meta-analysis: computed tomographic colonography. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Apr 19;142(8):635-50.全文  摘要

90. Mang T. [Colorectal cancer: role of imaging in screening]. [in ger]. Radiologe. 2019 Jan;59(1):23-34.全文  摘要

91. Glynne-Jones L, Wyrwicz E, Tiret G, et al. Rectal cancer: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(suppl 4):iv22-iv40.全文

92. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: rectal cancer [internet publication].全文

93. Al-Sukhni E, Milot L, Fruitman M, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of MRI for assessment of T category, lymph node metastases, and circumferential resection margin involvement in patients with rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg Oncol. 2012 Jul;19(7):2212-23. 摘要

94. Watson AJ, Lolohea S, Robertson GM, et al. The role of positron emission tomography in the management of recurrent colorectal cancer: a review. Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 Jan;50(1):102-14. 摘要

95. Zhang C, Chen Y, Xue H, et al. Diagnostic value of FDG-PET in recurrent colorectal carcinoma: a meta-analysis. Int J Cancer. 2009 Jan 1;124(1):167-73. 摘要

96. Facey K, Bradbury I, Laking G, et al. Overview of the clinical effectiveness of positron emission tomography imaging in selected cancers. Health Technol Assess. 2007 Oct;11(44):iii-iv, xi-267.全文  摘要

97. Moulton CA, Gu CS, Law CH, et al. Effect of PET before liver resection on surgical management for colorectal adenocarcinoma metastases: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2014 May 14;311(18):1863-9.全文  摘要

98. Flamen P, Hoekstra OS, Homans F, et al. Unexplained rising carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the postoperative surveillance of colorectal cancer: the utility of positron emission tomography (PET). Eur J Cancer. 2001 May;37(7):862-9. 摘要

99. Royal College of Radiologists, Royal College of Physicians. Evidence-based indications for the use of PET-CT in the United Kingdom 2022 [internet publication].全文

100. Yu T, Meng N, Chi D, et al. Diagnostic value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in detecting local recurrent colorectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 26 individual studies. Cell Biochem Biophys. 2015 Jun;72(2):443-51. 摘要

101. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Quantitative faecal immunochemical testing to guide colorectal cancer pathway referral in primary care. Aug 2023 [internet publication].全文

102. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: colon cancer [internet publication].全文

103. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Colorectal cancer. Quality standard (QS20). Feb 2022 [internet publication].全文

104. du Toit J, Hamilton W, Barraclough K. Risk in primary care of colorectal cancer from new onset rectal bleeding: 10 year prospective study. BMJ. 2006 Jul 8;333(7558):69-70. 摘要

105. McSherry CK, Cornell GN, Glenn F. Carcinoma of the colon and rectum. Ann Surg. 1969 Apr;169(4):502-9. 摘要

106. Shallow TA, Wagner FB, Colcher RE. Clinical evaluation of 750 patients with colon cancer. Diagnostic survey and follow up covering a 15 year period. Ann Surg. 1955 Aug;142(2):164-75. 摘要

107. Hamilton W, Sharp D. Diagnosis of colorectal cancer in primary care: the evidence base for guidelines. Fam Pract. 2004 Feb;21(1):99-106.全文  摘要

108. Kanellos D, Kitsios G, Kanellos I, et al. Anemia as a symptom of right colon cancer. Tech Coloproctol. 2004 Nov;8 Suppl 1:s62-4. 摘要

109. Vora P, Chapman A. Complications from radiographer-performed double contrast barium enemas. Clin Rad. 2004 Apr;59(4):364-8. 摘要

110. Thoeni RF. Colorectal cancer. Radiologic staging. Radiol Clin North Am. 1997 Mar;35(2):457-85. 摘要

111. Kwok H, Bissett IP, Hill GL. Preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2000 Feb;15(1):9-20. 摘要

112. Nikolaou S, Qiu S, Fiorentino F, et al. Systematic review of blood diagnostic markers in colorectal cancer. Tech Coloproctol. 2018 Jul 18;22(7):481-98.全文  摘要

113. Nicholson BD, Shinkins B, Pathiraja I, et al. Blood CEA levels for detecting recurrent colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Dec 10;(12):CD011134.全文  摘要

114. Shinkins B, Nicholson BD, James T, et al. What carcinoembryonic antigen level should trigger further investigation during colorectal cancer follow-up? A systematic review and secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Health Technol Assess. 2017 Apr;21(22):1-60.全文  摘要

115. Backes Y, Moss A, Reitsma JB, et al. Narrow band imaging, magnifying chromoendoscopy, and gross morphological features for the optical diagnosis of T1 colorectal cancer and deep submucosal invasion: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Sep 20;112(1):54-64. 摘要

116. Lacy BE, Mearin F, Chang L, et al. Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology. 2016 May;150(6):1393-407. 摘要

117. Drossman DA, Camilleri M, Mayer EA, et al. AGA technical review on irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology. 2002 Dec;123(6):2108-31.全文  摘要

118. Cosnes J, Gower-Rousseau C, Seksik P, et al. Epidemiology and natural history of inflammatory bowel diseases. Gastroenterology. 2011 May;140(6):1785-94.全文  摘要

119. Shergill AK, Lightdale JR, Bruining DH, et al; American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Standards of Practice Committee. The role of endoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Mar 20;81(5):1101-21.e1-13.全文  摘要

120. Public Health England. Bowel cancer screening: programme overview. Mar 2021 [internet publication].全文

121. US Preventive Services Task Force., Davidson KW, Barry MJ, et al. Screening for colorectal cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021 May 18;325(19):1965-77.全文  摘要

122. Lieberman D, Ladabaum U, Brill JV, et al. Reducing the burden of colorectal cancer: AGA position statements. Gastroenterology. 2022 Aug;163(2):520-6.全文  摘要

123. Patel SG, May FP, Anderson JC, et al. Updates on age to start and stop colorectal cancer screening: recommendations from the U.S. Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan 1;117(1):57-69.全文  摘要

124. Wolf AM, Fontham ET, Church TR, et al. Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. CA Cancer J Clin. 2018 May 30;68(4):250-81.全文  摘要

125. Qaseem A, Crandall CJ, Mustafa RA, et al. Screening for colorectal cancer in asymptomatic average-risk adults: a guidance statement from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2019 Nov 5;171(9):643-54.全文  摘要

126. Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Recommendations on screening for colorectal cancer in primary care. CMAJ. 2016 Mar 15;188(5):340-8.全文  摘要

127. Cairns SR, Scholefield JH, Steele RJ, et al; British Society of Gastroenterology; Association of Coloproctology for Great Britain and Ireland. Guidelines for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in moderate and high risk groups (update from 2002). Gut. 2010 May;59(5):666-89. 摘要

128. Syngal S, Brand RE, Church JM, et al. ACG clinical guideline: genetic testing and management of hereditary gastrointestinal cancer syndromes. Am J Gastroenterol. 2015 Feb 3;110(2):223-62.全文  摘要

129. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: genetic/familial high-risk assessment: colorectal [internet publication].全文

130. Giardiello FM, Allen JI, Axilbund JE, et al. Guidelines on genetic evaluation and management of Lynch syndrome: a consensus statement by the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum. 2014 Aug;57(8):1025-48. 摘要

131. Boland CR, Idos GE, Durno C, et al. Diagnosis and management of cancer risk in the gastrointestinal hamartomatous polyposis syndromes: recommendations from the US Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jun 1;117(6):846-64.全文  摘要

132. Rubin DT, Ananthakrishnan AN, Siegel CA, et al. ACG clinical guideline: ulcerative colitis in adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019 Mar;114(3):384-413.全文  摘要

133. Murthy SK, Feuerstein JD, Nguyen GC, et al. AGA clinical practice update on endoscopic surveillance and management of colorectal dysplasia in inflammatory bowel diseases: expert review. Gastroenterology. 2021 Sep;161(3):1043-51.e4.全文  摘要

134. van Gijn W, Gooiker GA, Wouters MW, et al. Volume and outcome in colorectal cancer surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2010;36(suppl 1):S55-S63. 摘要

135. Nelson H, Sargent DJ, Wieand HS, et al; Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy Study Group. A comparison of laparoscopically assisted and open colectomy for colon cancer. N Engl J Med. 2004 May 13;350(20):2050-9.全文  摘要

136. Buunen M, Veldkamp R, Hop WC, et al; Colon Cancer Laparoscopic or Open Resection Study Group. Survival after laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery for colon cancer: long-term outcome of a randomised clinical trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009 Jan;10(1):44-52. 摘要

137. Green BL, Marshall HC, Collinson F, et al. Long-term follow-up of the Medical Research Council CLASICC trial of conventional versus laparoscopically assisted resection in colorectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2013 Jan;100(1):75-82.全文  摘要

138. Kennedy RH, Francis EA, Wharton R, et al. Multicenter randomized controlled trial of conventional versus laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer within an enhanced recovery programme: EnROL. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jun 10;32(17):1804-11.全文  摘要

139. Lai JH, Law WL. Laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. Br Med Bull. 2012 Oct 19;104:61-89.全文  摘要

140. Anderson C, Uman G, Pigazzi A. Oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2008 Oct;34(10):1135-42. 摘要

141. Ng SS, Lee JF, Yiu RY, et al. Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer: a pooled analysis of 3 randomized controlled trials. Ann Surg. 2014 Jan;259(1):139-47. 摘要

142. Vennix S, Pelzers L, Bouvy N, et al. Laparoscopic versus open total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Apr 15;(4):CD005200.全文  摘要

143. Bonjer HJ, Deijen CL, Abis GA, et al; COLOR II Study Group. A randomized trial of laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015 Apr 2;372(14):1324-32.全文  摘要

144. Jeong SY, Park JW, Nam BH, et al. Open versus laparoscopic surgery for mid-rectal or low-rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (COREAN trial): survival outcomes of an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Jun;15(7):767-74. 摘要

145. Fleshman J, Branda M, Sargent DJ, et al. Effect of laparoscopic-assisted resection vs. open resection of stage II or III rectal cancer on pathologic outcomes: the ACOSOG Z6051 randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2015 Oct 6;314(13):1346-55. 摘要

146. Prete FP, Pezzolla A, Prete F, et al. Robotic versus laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery for rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ann Surg. 2018 Jun;267(6):1034-46. 摘要

147. Holmer C, Kreis ME. Systematic review of robotic low anterior resection for rectal cancer. Surg Endosc. 2017 Dec 7;32(2):569-81. 摘要

148. Lee SH, Kim DH, Lim SW. Robotic versus laparoscopic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2018 Sep 5;33(12):1741-53. 摘要

149. Jayne D, Pigazzi A, Marshall H, et al. Effect of robotic-assisted vs conventional laparoscopic surgery on risk of conversion to open laparotomy among patients undergoing resection for rectal cancer: the ROLARR randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017 Oct 24;318(16):1569-80.全文  摘要

150. Spanjersberg WR, Reurings J, Keus F, et al. Fast track surgery versus conventional recovery strategies for colorectal surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Feb 16;(2):CD007635.全文  摘要

151. van der Pas MH, Haglind E, Cuesta MA, et al. Laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer (COLOR II): short-term outcomes of a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Mar;14(3):210-8. 摘要

152. Sajid MS, Farag S, Leung P, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of published trials comparing the effectiveness of transanal endoscopic microsurgery and radical resection in the management of early rectal cancer. Colorectal Dis. 2014 Jan;16(1):2-14. 摘要

153. Sgourakis G, Lanitis S, Gockel I, et al. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery for T1 and T2 rectal cancers: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis of outcomes. Am Surg. 2011 Jun;77(6):761-72. 摘要

154. Clancy C, Burke JP, Albert MR, et al. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery versus standard transanal excision for the removal of rectal neoplasms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Colon Rectum. 2015 Feb;58(2):254-61. 摘要

155. Bax TW, McNevin MS. The value of diverting loop ileostomy on the high-risk colon and rectal anastomosis. Am J Surg. 2007 May;193(5):585-7; discussion 587-8. 摘要

156. Hanna MH, Vinci A, Pigazzi A. Diverting ileostomy in colorectal surgery: when is it necessary? Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2015 Feb;400(2):145-52. 摘要

157. Lynn PB, Renfro LA, Carrero XW, et al. Anorectal function and quality of life in patients with early stage rectal cancer treated with chemoradiation and local excision. Dis Colon Rectum. 2017 May;60(5):459-68. 摘要

158. Rödel C, Liersch T, Becker H, et al; German Rectal Cancer Study Group. Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and postoperative chemotherapy with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin versus fluorouracil alone in locally advanced rectal cancer: initial results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-04 randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Jul;13(7):679-87. 摘要

159. Sauer R, Liersch T, Merkel S, et al. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the German CAO/ARO/AIO-94 randomized phase III trial after a median follow-up of 11 years. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jun 1;30(16):1926-33. 摘要

160. Fiorica F, Cartei F, Licata A, et al. Can chemotherapy concomitantly delivered with radiotherapy improve survival of patients with resectable rectal cancer? A meta-analysis of literature data. Cancer Treat Rev. 2010 Nov;36(7):539-49. 摘要

161. Tiv M, Puyraveau M, Mineur L, et al. Long-term quality of life in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative (chemo)-radiotherapy within a randomized trial. Cancer Radiother. 2010 Oct;14(6-7):530-4. 摘要

162. Conroy T, Bosset JF, Etienne PL, et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX and preoperative chemoradiotherapy for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (UNICANCER-PRODIGE 23): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 May;22(5):702-15. 摘要

163. van Gijn W, Marijnen CA, Nagtegaal ID, et al; Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group. Preoperative radiotherapy combined with total mesorectal excision for resectable rectal cancer: 12-year follow-up of the multicentre, randomised controlled TME trial. Lancet Oncol. 2011 Jun;12(6):575-82. 摘要

164. Pettersson D, Cedermark B, Holm T, et al. Interim analysis of the Stockholm III trial of preoperative radiotherapy regimens for rectal cancer. Br J Surg. 2010 Apr;97(4):580-7. 摘要

165. Ngan SY, Burmeister B, Fisher RJ, et al. Randomized trial of short-course radiotherapy versus long-course chemoradiation comparing rates of local recurrence in patients with T3 rectal cancer: Trans-Tasman Radiation Oncology Group trial 01.04. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov 1;30(31):3827-33. 摘要

166. Bujko K, Nowacki MP, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, et al. Sphincter preservation following preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: report of a randomised trial comparing short-term radiotherapy vs. conventionally fractionated radiochemotherapy. Radiother Oncol. 2004 Jul;72(1):15-24. 摘要

167. van den Broek CB, Vermeer TA, Bastiaannet E, et al. Impact of the interval between short-course radiotherapy and surgery on outcomes of rectal cancer patients. Eur J Cancer. 2013 Oct;49(15):3131-9.全文  摘要

168. Erlandsson J, Holm T, Pettersson D, et al. Optimal fractionation of preoperative radiotherapy and timing to surgery for rectal cancer (Stockholm III): a multicentre, randomised, non-blinded, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017 Mar;18(3):336-46. 摘要

169. Bujko K, Glynne-Jones R, Bujko M. Does adjuvant fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy provide a benefit for patients with resected rectal cancer who have already received neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy? A systematic review of randomised trials. Ann Oncol. 2010 Sep;21(9):1743-50.全文  摘要

170. Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, et al; EORTC Radiation Oncology Group. Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: long-term results of the EORTC 22921 randomised study. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb;15(2):184-90. 摘要

171. Cancer Care Ontario. Preoperative or postoperative therapy for the management of patients with stage II or III rectal cancer. Mar 2019 [internet publication].全文

172. Hong YS, Kim SY, Lee JS, et al. Oxaliplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (ADORE): long-term results of a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Nov 20;37(33):3111-23.全文  摘要

173. Kim TW, Lee JH, Lee JH, et al. Randomized trial of postoperative adjuvant therapy in stage II and III rectal cancer to define the optimal sequence of chemotherapy and radiotherapy: 10-year follow-up. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Nov 15;81(4):1025-31. 摘要

174. Cercek A, Roxburgh CSD, Strombom P, et al. Adoption of total neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Jun 14;4(6):e180071.全文  摘要

175. de Mestier L, Manceau G, Neuzillet C, et al. Primary tumor resection in colorectal cancer with unresectable synchronous metastases: a review. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014 Jun 15;6(6):156-69.全文  摘要

176. Choti MA, Sitzmann JV, Tiburi MF, et al. Trends in long term survival following liver resection for hepatic colorectal metastases. Ann Surg. 2002 Jun;235(6):759-66.全文  摘要

177. Cummings LC, Payes JD, Cooper GS. Survival after hepatic resection in metastatic colorectal cancer: a population-based study. Cancer. 2007 Feb 15;109(4):718-26.全文  摘要

178. Cao G, Cheng D, Ye L, et al. Surgical resection of pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer: 11 years of experiences. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 10;12(4):e0175284.全文  摘要

179. Groot Koerkamp B, Sadot E, Kemeny NE, et al. Perioperative hepatic arterial infusion pump chemotherapy is associated with longer survival after resection of colorectal liver metastases: a propensity score analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Jun 10;35(17):1938-44.全文  摘要

180. Pozzo C, Basso M, Cassano A, et al. Neoadjuvant treatment of unresectable liver disease with irinotecan and 5-fluorouracil plus folinic acid in colorectal cancer patients. Ann Oncol. 2004 Jun;15(6):933-9.全文  摘要

181. Ozair A, Collings A, Adams AM, et al. Minimally invasive versus open hepatectomy for the resection of colorectal liver metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc. 2022 Nov;36(11):7915-37. 摘要

182. Vreeland TJ, Collings AT, Ozair A, et al. SAGES/AHPBA guidelines for the use of minimally invasive surgery for the surgical treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Surg Endosc. 2023 Apr;37(4):2508-16. 摘要

183. Abdalla M, Collings AT, Dirks R, et al. Surgical approach to microwave and radiofrequency liver ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal liver metastases less than 5 cm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Endosc. 2023 May;37(5):3340-53. 摘要

184. Hall B, Padussis J, Foster JM. Cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of colorectal peritoneal metastasis. Surg Clin North Am. 2017 Jun;97(3):671-82. 摘要

185. Baratti D, Kusamura S, Pietrantonio F, et al. Progress in treatments for colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases during the years 2010-2015. A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016 Jan 22;100:209-22. 摘要

186. Haram A, Boland MR, Kelly ME, et al. The prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in colorectal cancer: a systematic review. J Surg Oncol. 2017 Jan 20;115(4):470-9. 摘要

187. Min GT, Wang YH, Yao N, et al. The prognostic role of pretreatment platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as predictors in patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Biomark Med. 2016 Dec 5;11(1):87-97. 摘要

188. Tan D, Fu Y, Su Q, et al. Prognostic role of platelet-lymphocyte ratio in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jun;95(24):e3837.全文  摘要

189. Tsai PL, Su WJ, Leung WH, et al. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and CEA level as prognostic and predictive factors in colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Ther. 2016 Apr-Jun;12(2):582-9.全文  摘要

190. Zhu L, Dong C, Cao Y, et al. Prognostic role of BRAF mutation in stage II/III colorectal cancer receiving curative resection and adjuvant chemotherapy: a meta-analysis based on randomized clinical trials. PLoS One. 2016 May 3;11(5):e0154795.全文  摘要

191. Pikoulis E, Margonis GA, Andreatos N, et al. Prognostic role of BRAF mutations in colorectal cancer liver metastases. Anticancer Res. 2016 Sep;36(9):4805-11.全文  摘要

192. Li ZN, Zhao L, Yu LF, et al. BRAF and KRAS mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer: future perspectives for personalized therapy. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf). 2020 Jun;8(3):192-205.全文  摘要

193. Costas-Chavarri A, Nandakumar G, Temin S, et al. Treatment of patients with early-stage colorectal cancer: ASCO resource-stratified guideline. J Glob Oncol. 2019 Feb;5:1-19.全文  摘要

194. Maak M, Simon I, Nitsche U, et al. Independent validation of a prognostic genomic signature (ColoPrint) for patients with stage II colon cancer. Ann Surg. 2013 Jun;257(6):1053-8. 摘要

195. Venook AP, Niedzwiecki D, Lopatin M, et al. Biologic determinants of tumor recurrence in stage II colon cancer: validation study of the 12-gene recurrence score in cancer and leukemia group B (CALGB) 9581. J Clin Oncol. 2013 May 10;31(14):1775-81.全文  摘要

196. Meyers BM, Cosby R, Quereshy F, et al. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy for stages II and III colon cancer after complete resection: a clinical practice guideline. Curr Oncol. 2016 Dec 21;23(6):418-24.全文  摘要

197. Lieu C, Kennedy EB, Bergsland E, et al. Duration of oxaliplatin-containing adjuvant therapy for stage III colon cancer: ASCO clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2019 Jun 1;37(16):1436-47.全文  摘要

198. André T, Boni C, Navarro M, et al. Improved overall survival with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin as adjuvant treatment in stage II or III colon cancer in the MOSAIC trial. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Jul 1;27(19):3109-16.全文  摘要

199. Baxter NN, Kennedy EB, Bergsland E, et al. Adjuvant therapy for stage II colon cancer: ASCO guideline update. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Mar 10;40(8):892-910.全文  摘要

200. André T, de Gramont A, Vernerey D, et al. Adjuvant fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin in stage II to III colon cancer: updated 10-year survival and outcomes according to BRAF mutation and mismatch repair status of the MOSAIC study. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Dec 10;33(35):4176-87. 摘要

201. Loree JM, Sha A, Soleimani M, et al. Survival impact of CAPOX versus FOLFOX in the adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2018 Feb 7;17(2):156-63. 摘要

202. Tournigand C, André T, Bonnetain F, et al. Adjuvant therapy with fluorouracil and oxaliplatin in stage II and elderly patients (between ages 70 and 75 years) with colon cancer: subgroup analyses of the Multicenter International Study of Oxaliplatin, Fluorouracil, and Leucovorin in the Adjuvant Treatment of Colon Cancer trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Sep 20;30(27):3353-60. 摘要

203. Sargent DJ, Marsoni S, Monges G, et al. Defective mismatch repair as a predictive marker for lack of efficacy of fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy in colon cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jul 10;28(20):3219-26.全文  摘要

204. Des Guetz G, Nicolas P, Perret GY, et al. Does delaying adjuvant chemotherapy after curative surgery for colorectal cancer impair survival? A meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2010 Apr;46(6):1049-55. 摘要

205. Biagi JJ, Raphael MJ, Mackillop WJ, et al. Association between time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in colorectal cancer. JAMA. 2011 Jun 8;305(22):2335-42. 摘要

206. Lopez NE, Weiss AC, Robles J, et al. A systematic review of clinically available gene expression profiling assays for stage II colorectal cancer: initial steps toward genetic staging. Am J Surg. 2016 Aug 1;212(4):700-14. 摘要

207. Morton D, Seymour M, Magill L, et al. Preoperative chemotherapy for operable colon cancer: mature results of an international randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023 Mar 10;41(8):1541-52.全文  摘要

208. Clark ME, Smith RR. Liver-directed therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014 Oct;5(5):374-87.全文  摘要

209. De Groote K, Prenen H. Intrahepatic therapy for liver-dominant metastatic colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2015 Sep 15;7(9):148-52.全文  摘要

210. Jones C, Badger SA, Ellis G. The role of microwave ablation in the management of hepatic colorectal metastases. Surgeon. 2011 Feb;9(1):33-7. 摘要

211. Fuchs CS, Marshall J, Barrueco J. Randomized, controlled trial of irinotecan plus infusional, bolus, or oral fluoropyrimidines in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: updated results from the BICC-C study. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Feb 1;26(4):689-90. 摘要

212. Tournigand C, Cervantes A, Figer A, et al. OPTIMOX1: a randomized study of FOLFOX4 or FOLFOX7 with oxaliplatin in a stop-and-go fashion in advanced colorectal cancer - a GERCOR study. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Jan 20;24(3):394-400.全文  摘要

213. Venook AP, Niedzwiecki D, Lenz HJ, et al. Effect of first-line chemotherapy combined with cetuximab or bevacizumab on overall survival in patients with KRAS wild-type advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017 Jun 20;317(23):2392-401.全文  摘要

214. Chiorean EG, Nandakumar G, Fadelu T, et al. Treatment of patients with late-stage colorectal cancer: ASCO resource-stratified guideline. JCO Glob Oncol. 2020 Mar;6:414-38.全文  摘要

215. Cassidy J, Clarke S, Díaz-Rubio E, et al. Randomized phase III study of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin compared with fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Apr 20;26(12):2006-12.全文  摘要

216. Rothenberg ML, Cox JV, Butts C, et al. Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) versus 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid plus oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) as second-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III noninferiority study. Ann Oncol. 2008 Oct;19(10):1720-6.全文  摘要

217. Marques RP, Duarte GS, Sterrantino C, et al. Triplet (FOLFOXIRI) versus doublet (FOLFOX or FOLFIRI) backbone chemotherapy as first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Aug 25;118:54-62. 摘要

218. Fuchs CS, Marshall J, Mitchell E, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of irinotecan plus infusional, bolus, or oral fluoropyrimidines in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the BICC-C Study. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Oct 20;25(30):4779-86.全文  摘要

219. Saltz LB, Clarke S, Díaz-Rubio E, et al. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III study. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Apr 20;26(12):2013-9. 摘要

220. Giantonio BJ, Catalano PJ, Meropol NJ, et al; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200. Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX4) for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: results from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Apr 20;25(12):1539-44. 摘要

221. Bennouna J, Sastre J, Arnold D, et al. Continuation of bevacizumab after first progression in metastatic colorectal cancer (ML18147): a randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2013 Jan;14(1):29-37. 摘要

222. Botrel TE, Clark LG, Paladini L, et al. Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone in previously untreated advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer. 2016 Aug 24;16:677.全文  摘要

223. Pei X, Liu Y, Sun L, et al. Outcome of molecular targeted agents plus chemotherapy for second-line therapy of metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Clin Colorectal Cancer. 2016 Mar 31;15(4):e149-56. 摘要

224. Cremolini C, Antoniotti C, Stein A, et al. Individual patient data meta-analysis of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab versus doublets plus bevacizumab as initial therapy of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Aug 20;JCO2001225. 摘要

225. Tang W, Ren L, Liu T, et al. Bevacizumab plus mFOLFOX6 versus mFOLFOX6 alone as first-line treatment for RAS mutant unresectable colorectal liver-limited metastases: the BECOME randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Sep 20;38(27):3175-84.全文  摘要

226. Zhu X, Tian X, Yu C, et al. Increased risk of hemorrhage in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab: an updated meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Aug;95(34):e4232.全文  摘要

227. Van Cutsem E, Tabernero J, Lakomy R, et al. Addition of aflibercept to fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan improves survival in a phase III randomized trial in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer previously treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Oct 1;30(28):3499-506. 摘要

228. Tabernero J, Yoshino T, Cohn AL, et al; RAISE Study Investigators. Ramucirumab versus placebo in combination with second-line FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma that progressed during or after first-line therapy with bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, and a fluoropyrimidine (RAISE): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2015 May;16(5):499-508. 摘要

229. Chen Q, Cheng M, Wang Z, et al. The efficacy and safety of panitumumab plus irinotecan-based chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Dec;95(50):e5284.全文  摘要

230. Heinemann V, Rivera F, O'Neil BH, et al. A study-level meta-analysis of efficacy data from head-to-head first-line trials of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors versus bevacizumab in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2016 Sep 1;67:11-20.全文  摘要

231. Yang YF, Wang GY, He JL, et al. Overall survival of patients with KRAS wild-type tumor treated with FOLFOX/FORFIRI±cetuximab as the first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Mar;96(12):e6335.全文  摘要

232. Sepulveda AR, Hamilton SR, Allegra CJ, et al. Molecular biomarkers for the evaluation of colorectal cancer: guideline from the American Society for Clinical Pathology, College of American Pathologists, Association for Molecular Pathology, and American Society of Clinical Oncology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017 Feb 6;141(5):625-57.全文  摘要

233. Pietrantonio F, Cremolini C, Petrelli F, et al. First-line anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in panRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2015 Jun 5;96(1):156-66. 摘要

234. Modest DP, Karthaus M, Fruehauf S, et al. Panitumumab plus fluorouracil and folinic acid versus fluorouracil and folinic acid alone as maintenance therapy in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: The randomized PANAMA trial (AIO KRK 0212). J Clin Oncol. 2021 Sep 17;JCO2101332.全文  摘要

235. Loupakis F, Cremolini C, Masi G, et al. Initial therapy with FOLFOXIRI and bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2014 Oct 23;371(17):1609-18.全文  摘要

236. Hochster HS, Grothey A, Hart L, et al. Improved time to treatment failure with an intermittent oxaliplatin strategy: results of CONcePT. Ann Oncol. 2014 Jun;25(6):1172-8.全文  摘要

237. Yalcin S, Uslu R, Dane F, et al. Bevacizumab + capecitabine as maintenance therapy after initial bevacizumab + XELOX treatment in previously untreated patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: phase III 'Stop and Go' study results - a Turkish Oncology Group Trial. Oncology. 2013;85(6):328-35.全文  摘要

238. Simkens LH, van Tinteren H, May A, et al. Maintenance treatment with capecitabine and bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer (CAIRO3): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group. Lancet. 2015 May 9;385(9980):1843-52. 摘要

239. Aparicio T, Ghiringhelli F, Boige V, et al. Bevacizumab maintenance versus no maintenance during chemotherapy-free intervals in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III trial (PRODIGE 9). J Clin Oncol. 2018 Mar 1;36(7):674-81.全文  摘要

240. Adams RA, Fisher DJ, Graham J, et al. Capecitabine versus active monitoring in stable or responding metastatic colorectal cancer after 16 weeks of first-line therapy: results of the randomized FOCUS4-N trial. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Sep 13;JCO2101436.全文  摘要

241. Ma H, Wu X, Tao M, et al. Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab-based maintenance therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Dec;98(50):e18227.全文  摘要

242. Xu W, Gong Y, Kuang M, et al. Survival benefit and safety of bevacizumab in combination with erlotinib as maintenance therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis. Clin Drug Investig. 2017 Feb;37(2):155-65. 摘要

243. Lo Nigro C, Ricci V, Vivenza D, et al. Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in metastatic colorectal cancer anti-EGFR therapy. World J Gastroenterol. 2016 Aug 14;22(30):6944-54.全文  摘要

244. Grothey A, Van Cutsem E, Sobrero A, et al; CORRECT Study Group. Regorafenib monotherapy for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CORRECT): an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2013 Jan 26;381(9863):303-12. 摘要

245. Mercier J, Voutsadakis IA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of retrospective series of regorafenib for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Anticancer Res. 2017 Nov;37(11):5925-34.全文  摘要

246. Røed Skårderud M, Polk A, Kjeldgaard Vistisen K, et al. Efficacy and safety of regorafenib in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review. Cancer Treat Rev. 2017 Nov 10;62:61-73. 摘要

247. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Regorafenib for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. Feb 2023 [internet publication].全文

248. Mayer RJ, Van Cutsem E, Falcone A, et al; RECOURSE Study Group. Randomized trial of TAS-102 for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2015 May 14;372(20):1909-19.全文  摘要

249. André T, Shiu KK, Kim TW, et al. Pembrolizumab in microsatellite-instability-high advanced colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 3;383(23):2207-18. 摘要

250. Andre T, Amonkar M, Norquist JM, et al. Health-related quality of life in patients with microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair deficient metastatic colorectal cancer treated with first-line pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy (KEYNOTE-177): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 May;22(5):665-77. 摘要

251. Diaz LA Jr, Shiu KK, Kim TW, et al. Pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy for microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient metastatic colorectal cancer (KEYNOTE-177): final analysis of a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2022 May;23(5):659-70. 摘要

252. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves first cancer treatment for any solid tumor with a specific genetic feature. May 2017 [internet publication].全文

253. Overman MJ, Lonardi S, Wong KY, et al. Durable clinical benefit with nivolumab plus ipilimumab in DNA mismatch repair-deficient/microsatellite instability-high metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Jan 20;36(8):773-9.全文  摘要

254. ClinicalTrials.gov. Study of induction PD-1 blockade in subjects with locally advanced mismatch repair deficient solid tumors. Oct 2022 [internet publication].全文

255. Cercek A, Lumish M, Sinopoli J, et al. PD-1 blockade in mismatch repair-deficient, locally advanced rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jun 23;386(25):2363-76. 摘要

256. Zhou X, Yao Z, Bai H, et al. Treatment-related adverse events of PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitor-based combination therapies in clinical trials: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Sep;22(9):1265-74. 摘要

257. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Encorafenib plus cetuximab for previously treated BRAF V600E mutation-positive metastatic colorectal cancer. Jan 2021 [internet publication].全文

258. Kopetz S, Grothey A, Yaeger R, et al. Encorafenib, binimetinib, and cetuximab in BRAF V600E-mutated colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 24;381(17):1632-43.全文  摘要

259. Farago AF, Demetri GD. Larotrectinib, a selective tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor for adult and pediatric tropomyosin receptor kinase fusion cancers. Future Oncol. 2020 Mar;16(9):417-25. 摘要

260. Federman N, McDermott R. Larotrectinib, a highly selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor for the treatment of TRK fusion cancer. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct;12(10):931-9.全文  摘要

261. Doebele RC, Drilon A, Paz-Ares L, et al. Entrectinib in patients with advanced or metastatic NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: integrated analysis of three phase 1-2 trials. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Feb;21(2):271-82. 摘要

262. Mocellin S, Baretta Z, Roqué I, et al. Second-line systemic therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jan 27;(1):CD006875.全文  摘要

263. Sobrero AF, Maurel J, Fehrenbacher L, et al. EPIC: phase III trial of cetuximab plus irinotecan after fluoropyrimidine and oxaliplatin failure in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2008 May 10;26(14):2311-9. 摘要

264. Aldrich J, Pundole X, Tummala S, et al. Inflammatory myositis in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 May;73(5):866-74.全文  摘要

265. Poston GJ, Adam R, Alberts S, et al. OncoSurge: a strategy for improving resectability with curative intent in metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Oct 1;23(28):7125-34.全文  摘要

266. Douillard JY, Oliner KS, Siena S, et al. Panitumumab-FOLFOX4 treatment and RAS mutations in colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2013 Sep 12;369(11):1023-34.全文  摘要

267. Van Cutsem E, Lenz HJ, Köhne CH, et al. Fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan plus cetuximab treatment and RAS mutations in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Mar 1;33(7):692-700.全文  摘要

268. Bjørn MX, Perdawood SK. Transanal total mesorectal excision--a systematic review. Dan Med J. 2015 Jul;62(7):A5105.全文  摘要

269. Lau SYC, Choy KT, Yang TWW, et al. Defining the learning curve of transanal total mesorectal excision: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ANZ J Surg. 2022 Mar;92(3):355-64. 摘要

270. Butterworth JW, Butterworth WA, Meyer J, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis of robotic-assisted transabdominal total mesorectal excision and transanal total mesorectal excision: which approach offers optimal short-term outcomes for mid-to-low rectal adenocarcinoma? Tech Coloproctol. 2021 Nov;25(11):1183-98. 摘要

271. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer. Dec 2021 [internet publication].全文

272. Townsend AR, Chong LC, Karapetis C, et al. Selective internal radiation therapy for liver metastases from colorectal cancer. Cancer Treat Rev. 2016 Nov;50:148-54. 摘要

273. van Hazel GA, Heinemann V, Sharma NK, et al. SIRFLOX: randomized phase III trial comparing first-line mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) versus mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) plus selective internal radiation therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2016 May 20;34(15):1723-31.全文  摘要

274. Van Hazel G, Blackwell A, Anderson J, et al. Randomised phase 2 trial of SIR-Spheres plus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy versus fluorouracil/leucovorin chemotherapy alone in advanced colorectal cancer. J Surg Oncol. 2004 Nov 1;88(2):78-85. 摘要

275. Gray B, Van Hazel G, Hope M, et al. Randomised trial of SIR-Spheres plus chemotherapy vs. chemotherapy alone for treating patients with liver metastases from primary large bowel cancer. Ann Oncol. 2001 Dec;12(12):1711-20. 摘要

276. Hendlisz A, Van den Eynde M, Peeters M, et al. Phase III trial comparing protracted intravenous fluorouracil infusion alone or with yttrium-90 resin microspheres radioembolization for liver-limited metastatic colorectal cancer refractory to standard chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Aug 10;28(23):3687-94.全文  摘要

277. Mulcahy MF, Mahvash A, Pracht M, et al. Radioembolization with chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: a randomized, open-label, international, multicenter, phase III trial. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Sep 20;JCO2101839.全文  摘要

278. Wasan HS, Gibbs P, Sharma NK, et al. First-line selective internal radiotherapy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer (FOXFIRE, SIRFLOX, and FOXFIRE-Global): a combined analysis of three multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trials. Lancet Oncol. 2017 Sep;18(9):1159-71.全文  摘要

279. ClinicalTrials.gov. SOX versus XELOX as adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colorectal cancer patients. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03448549. Mar 2020 [internet publication].全文

280. ClinicalTrials.gov.​ Tucatinib Plus trastuzumab in patients With HER2+ colorectal cancer. Feb 2023 [internet publication].全文

281. Shirley M. Fruquintinib: First global approval. Drugs. 2018 Nov;78(16):1757-61. 摘要

282. ClinicalTrials.gov. ​A study of efficacy and safety of fruquintinib (HMPL-013) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (FRESCO-2). Mar 2023 [internet publication].全文

283. ClinicalTrials.gov. ​A study of botensilimab and balstilimab for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Apr 2023 [internet publication].全文

284. Heresbach D, Manfredi S, D'halluin PN, et al. Review in depth and meta-analysis of controlled trials on colorectal cancer screening by faecal occult blood test. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006 Apr;18(4):427-33. 摘要

285. Burch JA, Soares-Weiser K, St John DJ, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of faecal occult blood tests used in screening for colorectal cancer: a systematic review. J Med Screen. 2007;14(3):132-7.全文  摘要

286. O'Connell JB, Maggard MA, Ko CY. Colon cancer survival rates with the new American Joint Committee on Cancer sixth edition staging. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Oct 6;96(19):1420-5.全文  摘要

287. Gebremedhn EG, Shortland PJ, Mahns DA. The incidence of acute oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy and its impact on treatment in the first cycle: a systematic review. BMC Cancer. 2018 Apr 12;18(1):410.全文  摘要

288. Lee S, Ma C, Shi Q, et al. Potential mediators of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy from adjuvant therapy in stage III colon cancer: findings from CALGB (Alliance)/SWOG 80702. J Clin Oncol. 2023 Feb 10;41(5):1079-91.全文  摘要

289. Stintzing S, Kapaun C, Laubender RP, et al. Prognostic value of cetuximab-related skin toxicity in metastatic colorectal cancer patients and its correlation with parameters of the epidermal growth factor receptor signal transduction pathway: results from a randomized trial of the GERMAN AIO CRC Study Group. Int J Cancer. 2012 Jun 26;132(1):236-45.全文  摘要

290. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: management of immunotherapy-related toxicities [internet publication].全文

291. Hassan C, Antonelli G, Dumonceau JM, et al. Post-polypectomy colonoscopy surveillance: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline - Update 2020. Endoscopy. 2020 Aug;52(8):687-700.全文  摘要

292. Ligibel JA, Bohlke K, May AM, et al. exercise, diet, and weight management during cancer treatment: ASCO Guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Aug 1;40(22):2491-507.全文  摘要

293. Veettil SK, Lim KG, Ching SM, et al. Effects of aspirin and non-aspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the incidence of recurrent colorectal adenomas: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials. BMC Cancer. 2017 Nov 14;17(1):763.全文  摘要

294. Liao X, Lochhead P, Nishihara R, et al. Aspirin use, tumor PIK3CA mutation, and colorectal-cancer survival. N Engl J Med. 2012 Oct 25;367(17):1596-606.全文  摘要

295. Dulai PS, Singh S, Marquez E, et al. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in individuals with previous colorectal neoplasia: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2016 Dec 5;355:i6188.全文  摘要

296. Hua X, Phipps AI, Burnett-Hartman AN, et al. Timing of aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use among patients with colorectal cancer in relation to tumor markers and survival. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Aug 20;35(24):2806-13. 摘要