椎间盘性腰痛

Kreiner DS, Hwang SW, Easa JE, et al. An evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy. Spine J. 2014 Jan;14(1):180-91. 摘要

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management. Dec 2020 [internet publication].全文

Expert Panel on Neurological Imaging, Hutchins TA, Peckham M, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Low Back Pain: 2021 Update. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021 Nov;18(11s):S361-S379.全文  摘要

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29. Jackson HC, Winkelmann RK, Bickel WH. Nerve endings in the human lumbar spinal column and related structures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1966 Oct;48(7):1272-81. 摘要

30. Ohtori S, Takahashi K, Chiba T, et al. Sensory innervation of the dorsal portion of the lumbar intervertebral discs in rats. Spine. 2001 Apr 15;26(8):946-50. 摘要

31. Ohtori S, Takahashi K, Chiba T, et al. Substance P and calcitonin gene- related peptide immunoreactive sensory DRG neurons innervating the lumbar intervertebral discs in rats. Ann Anat. 2002 May;184(3):235-40. 摘要

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33. Peng B, Hao J, Hou S, et al. Possible pathogenesis of painful intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Mar 1;31(5):560-6. 摘要

34. Peng B, Chen J, Kuang Z, et al. Expression and role of connective tissue growth factor in painful disc fibrosis and degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2009 Mar 1;34(5):E178-82. 摘要

35. Freemond AJ. The cellular pathobiology of the degenerate intervertebral disc and discogenic back pain. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009;48:5-10.

36. Kuisma M, Karppinen J, Haapen M, et al. Are the determinants of vertebral endplate changes and severe disc degeneration in the lumbar spine the same? BMC Musculoskeletal Disord. 2008 Apr 16;9:51.全文  摘要

37. Butler D, Trafimow JH, Andersson GB, et al. Discs degenerate before facets. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1990 Feb;15(2):111-3. 摘要

38. Adams MA, Hutton WC. The relevance of torsion to the mechanical derangement of the lumbar spine. Spine. 1981 May-Jun;6(3):241-8. 摘要

39. Livshits G, Popham M, Malkin I, et al. Lumbar disc degeneration and genetic factors are the main risk factors for back pain in women: the Twin Spine Study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011 Oct;70(10):1740-5.全文  摘要

40. Kalichman L, Hunter DJ. The genetics of intervertebral disc degeneration. Associated genes. Joint Bone Spine. 2008 Jul;75(4):388-96. 摘要

41. Kalichman L, Hunter DJ. The genetics of intervertebral disc degeneration. Familial disposition and heritability estimation. Joint Bone Spine. 2008 Jul;75(4):383-7. 摘要

42. Cheung KM. The relationship between disc degeneration, low back pain and human pain genetics. Spine J. 2010 Nov;10(11):958-60. 摘要

43. Luoma K, Riihimaki H, Raininko R, et al. Lumbar disc degeneration in relation to occupation. Scan J Work Environ Health. 1998 Oct;24(5):358-66.全文  摘要

44. Riihimaki H, Mattsen T, Zitling A, et al. Radiologically detectable degenerative changes of the lumbar spine among concrete reinforcement workers and house painters. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1990 Feb;15(2):114-9. 摘要

45. Vo N, Wang D, Sowa G, et al. Differential effects of nicotine and tobacco smoke condensate on human annulus fibrosus cell metabolism. J Orthop Res. 2011 Oct;29(10):1585-91. 摘要

46. Akmal M, Kesani A, Anand B, et al. Effect of nicotine on spinal disc cells: a cellular mechanism for disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004 Mar 1;29(5):568-75. 摘要

47. Fogelholm RR, Alho AV. Smoking and intervertebral disc degeneration. Med Hypotheses. 2001 Apr;56(4):537-9. 摘要

48. Uei H, Matsuzaki H, Oda H, et al. Gene expression changes in an early stage of intervertebral disc degeneration induced by passive cigarette smoking. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Mar 1;31(5):510-4. 摘要

49. Sandén B, Försth P, Michaëlsson K. Smokers show less improvement than non-smokers two years after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis: a study of 4555 patients from the Swedish Spine Registry. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Jun;36(13):1059-64. 摘要

50. Wang J, Yang X. Age-related changes in the orientation of lumbar facet joints. Spine. 2009 Aug 1;34(17):E596-8. 摘要

51. Kalichman L, Li L, Kim DH, et al. Facet joint osteoarthritis and low back pain in the community-based population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2008 Nov 1;33(23):2560-5.全文  摘要

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53. Park JB, Chen H, Kim KW, et al. Facet tropism: a comparison between far lateral and posterolateral lumbar disc herniation. Spine. 2001 Mar 15;26(6):677-9. 摘要

54. Schwab F, Patel A, Ungar B, et al. Adult spinal deformity-postoperative standing balance: how much can you tolerate? An overview of key parameters in assessing alignment and planning corrective surgery. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2010 Dec 1;35(25):2224-31. 摘要

55. Glassman SD, Bridewell K, Dimar JR, et al. The impact of positive sagittal balance in adult spinal deformity. Spine. 2005 Sep 15;30(18):2024-9. 摘要

56. Linke M, Solovieva S, Lamminen A, et al. Disc degeneration of the lumbar spine in relation of overweight. Int J Obest. 2005 Aug;29(8):903-8.全文  摘要

57. Won HY, Park JB, Riew KD. Effect of hyperglycemia on apoptosis of notochordal cells and intervertebral disc degeneration in diabetic rats. J Neurosurg Spine. 2009 Dec;11(6):741-8. 摘要

58. Anekstein Y, Smorgick Y, Lotan R, et al. Diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for the development of lumbar spinal stenosis. Isr Med Assoc J. 2010 Jan;12(1):16-20.全文  摘要

59. Videman T, Battie MC, Gibbons LE, et al. Disc degeneration and bone density in monozygotic twins discordant for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. J Orthop Res. 2000 Sep;18(5):768-72. 摘要

60. Leino-Arjas P, Kaila-Kangas L, Solvieva S, et al. Serum lipids and low back pain: an association? A follow-up study of working population sample. Atherosclerosis. 2006 Apr 20;31(9):1032-7. 摘要

61. Kurunlahti M, Tervonen O, Vanharanta H, et al. Association of atherosclerosis with low back pain and the degree of disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999 Oct 15;24(20):2080-4. 摘要

62. Schwarzer AC, Aprill CN, Derby R, et al. The prevalence and clinical features of internal disc disruption in patients with chronic low back pain. Spine. 1995;20:1878-83.

63. Vanharanta H. The intervertebral disc: a biologically active tissue challenging therapy. Ann Med. 1994 Dec;26(6):395-9. 摘要

64. Kreiner DS, Hwang SW, Easa JE, et al. An evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation with radiculopathy. Spine J. 2014 Jan;14(1):180-91. 摘要

65. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management. Dec 2020 [internet publication].全文

66. Expert Panel on Neurological Imaging, Hutchins TA, Peckham M, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Low Back Pain: 2021 Update. J Am Coll Radiol. 2021 Nov;18(11s):S361-S379.全文  摘要

67. Braithwaite I, White J, Saifuddin A, et al. Vertebral end-plate (Modic) changes on lumbar spine MRI: correlation with pain reproduction at lumbar discography. Eur Spine J. 1998;7(5):363-8. 摘要

68. Modic MT, Masaryk TJ, Ross JS, et al. Imaging of degenerative disk disease. Radiology. 1988 Jul;168(1):177-86. 摘要

69. Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, et al. Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects: a prospective investigation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990 Mar;72(3):403-8. 摘要

70. Borenstein DG, O'Mara JW Jr, Boden SD, et al. The value of magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine to predict low-back pain in asymptomatic subjects: a seven-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001 Sep;83-A(9):1306-11. 摘要

71. Jensen MC, Brant-Zawadzki MN, Obuchowski N, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 14;331(2):69-73.全文  摘要

72. Jarvik JJ, Hollingworth W, Heagerty P, et al. The Longitudinal Assessment of Imaging and Disability of the Back (LAIDBack) Study: baseline data. Spine. 2001 May 15;26(10):1158-66. 摘要

73. Jarvik JG, Hollingworth W, Heagerty PJ, et al. Three-year incidence of low back pain in an initially asymptomatic cohort: Clinical and imaging risk factors. Spine. 2005 Jul 1;30(13):1541-8; discussion 1549. 摘要

74. Nachemson A. The load on lumbar disks in different positions of the body. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1966 Mar-Apr;45:107-22. 摘要

75. Modic MT, Steinberg PM, Ross JS, et al. Degenerative disk disease: assessment of changes in vertebral body marrow with MR imaging. Radiology. 1988 Jan;166(1 Pt 1):193-9. 摘要

76. Kuisma M, Karppinen J, Niinimaki J, et al. A three-year follow-up of lumbar spine endplate (Modic) changes. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 Jul 1;31(15):1714-8. 摘要

77. Kjaer P, Korsholm L, Bendix T, et al. Modic changes and their associations with clinical findings. Eur Spine J. 2006 Sep;15(9):1312-9.全文  摘要

78. Kjaer P, Leboeuf-Yde C, Sorensen JS, et al. An epidemiologic study of MRI and low back pain in 13-year-old children. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Apr 1;30(7):798-806. 摘要

79. Fayad F, Lefevre-Colau MM, Rannou F, et al. Relation of inflammatory modic changes to intradiscal steroid injection outcome in chronic low back pain. Eur Spine J. 2007 Jul;16(7):925-31.全文  摘要

80. Vital JM, Gille O, Pointillart V, et al. Course of Modic 1 six months after lumbar posterior osteosynthesis. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 Apr 1;28(7):715-20; discussion 721. 摘要

81. Arana E, Kovacs FM, Royuela A, et al. Modic changes and associated features in southern European chronic back pain patients. Spine J. 2011 May;11(5):402-11. 摘要

82. Aprill C, Bogduk N. High-intensity zone: a diagnostic sign of painful lumbar disc on magnetic resonance imaging. Br J Radiol. 1992 May;65(773):361-9. 摘要

83. Wolfer LR, Derby R, Lee JE, et al. Systematic review of lumbar provocation discography in asymptomatic subjects with a meta analysis of false-positive rates. Pain Physician. 2008 Jul-Aug;11(4):513-3. 摘要

84. Ricketson R, Simmons JW, Hauser BO. The prolapsed intervertebral disc: The high- intensity zone with discography correlation. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Dec 1;21(23):2758-62. 摘要

85. Schellhas KP, Pollei SR, Gundry CR, et al. Lumbar disc high-intensity zone. Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging and discography. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Jan 1;21(1):79-86. 摘要

86. Yu SW, Haughton VM, Sether LA, et al. Comparison of MR and diskography in detecting radial tears of the anulus: a postmortem study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1989 Sep-Oct;10(5):1077-81. 摘要

87. Pfirrmann CW, Metzdorf A, Zanetti M, et al. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Sep 1;26(17):1873-8. 摘要

88. Weishaupt D, Zanetti M, Hodler J, et al. Painful lumbar disk derangement: relevance of endplate abnormalities at MR imaging. Radiology. 2001 Feb;218(2):420-7. 摘要

89. Bogduk N. Provocation discography: Lumbar disc stimulation. In: ISIS, ed. Practice guidelines for spinal diagnostic and treatment procedures. Seattle, WA: International Spine Intervention Society;2004:20-46.

90. Saboeiro GR. Lumbar discography. Radiol Clin North Am. 2009 May;47(3):421-33. 摘要

91. Moore RJ, Crotti TN, Osti OL, et al. Osteoarthrosis of the facet joints resulting from anular rim lesions. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999 Mar 15;24(6):519-25. 摘要

92. Jaikumar S, Kim DH, Kam AC. History of minimally invasive spine surgery. Neurosurgery. 2002 Nov;51(5 Suppl):S1-14. 摘要

93. Carragee EJ, Lincoln T, Parmar VS, et al. A gold standard evaluation of the "discogenic pain" diagnosis as determined by provocative discography. Spine. 2006 Aug 15;31(18):2115-23. 摘要

94. Pathria M, Sartoris DJ, Resnick D. Osteoarthritis of the facet joints: accuracy of oblique radiographic assessment. Radiology. 1987 Jul;164(1):227-30. 摘要

95. Rajasekharan S, Venkatadass K, Naresh Babu J, et al. Pharmacological enhancement of disc diffusion and differentiation of healthy, ageing and degenerate discs. Eur Spine J. 2008 May;17(5):626-43.全文  摘要

96. Vroomen PC, de Krom MC, Knottnerus JA. Predicting the outcome of sciatica at short-term follow-up. Br J Gen Pract. 2002 Feb;52(475):119-23.全文  摘要

97. Koes BW, van Tulder MW, Thomas S. Diagnosis and treatment of low back pain. BMJ. 2006 Jun 17;332(7555):1430-4.全文  摘要

98. Jorge LL, Feres CC, Teles VE. Topical preparations for pain relief: efficacy and patient adherence. J Pain Res. 2010;4:11-24.全文  摘要

99. Anand P, Bley K. Topical capsaicin for pain management: therapeutic potential and mechanisms of action of the new high-concentration capsaicin 8% patch. Br J Anaesth. 2011;107:490-502.全文  摘要

100. Derry S, Moore RA, Gaskell H, et al. Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(6):CD007402.全文  摘要

101. Chou R, Huffman LH. Medications for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Oct 2;147(7):505-14.全文  摘要

102. van der Gaag WH, Roelofs PD, Enthoven WT, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Apr 16;4:CD013581.全文  摘要

103. Roelofs PD, Deyo RA, Koes BW, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23;(1):CD000396.全文  摘要

104. Krebs EE, Gravely A, Nugent S, et al. Effect of opioid vs nonopioid medications on pain-related function in patients with chronic back pain or hip or knee osteoarthritis pain: the SPACE randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018 Mar 6;319(9):872-82.全文  摘要

105. van Tulder MW, Touray T, Fulan AD, et al. Muscle relaxants for nonspecific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD004252.全文  摘要

106. Staiger TO, Gaster B, Sullivan MD, et al. Systematic review of antidepressants in the treatment of chronic low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2003 Nov 15;28(22):2540-5. 摘要

107. Yildirim K, Deniz O, Gureser G, et al. Gabapentin monotherapy in patients with chronic radiculopathy: the efficacy and impact on life quality. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2009;22(1):17-20. 摘要

108. Gilron I. Gabapentin and pregabalin for chronic neuropathic and early postsurgical pain: current evidence and future directions. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2007 Oct;20(5):456-72. 摘要

109. Enke O, New HA, New CH, et al. Anticonvulsants in the treatment of low back pain and lumbar radicular pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ. 2018 Jul 3;190(26):E786-93.全文  摘要

110. Hagen KB, Jamtvedt G, Hilde G, et al. The updated Cochrane review of bed rest for low back pain and sciatica. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Mar 1;30(5):542-6. 摘要

111. Hayden JA, van Tulder MW, Malmivaara A, et al. Exercise therapy for the treatment of non-specific low back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Jul 20;(3):CD000335.全文  摘要

112. Heymans MW, van Tulder MW, Esmail R, et al. Back schools for nonspecific low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Oct 1;30(19):2153-63. 摘要

113. Heymans MW, de Vet HC, Bongers PM, et al. The effectiveness of high-intensity versus low-intensity back schools in an occupational setting: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2006 May 1;31(10):1075-82. 摘要

114. Dickerman RD, Zigler JE. Disocgenic back pain. In: Spivak JM, Connolly PJ, eds. Orthopaedic Knowledge Update: Spine. 3rd ed. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2006:319-30.

115. Clare HA, Adams R, Maher CG. A systematic review of efficacy of McKenzie therapy for spinal pain. Aust J Physiother. 2004;50(4):209-16.全文  摘要

116. May S, Donelson R. Evidence-informed management of chronic low back pain with the McKenzie method. Spine J. 2008 Jan-Feb;8(1):134-41. 摘要

117. Cherkin DC, Deyo RA, Battié M, et al. A comparison of physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, and provision of an educational booklet for the treatment of patients with low back pain. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 8;339(15):1021-9.全文  摘要

118. Rubinstein SM, Terwee CB, Assendelft WJ, et al. Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low-back pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;(9):CD008880.全文  摘要

119. Chou R, Huffman LH. Nonpharmacologic therapies for acute and chronic low back pain: a review of the evidence for an American Pain Society/American College of Physicians clinical practice guideline. Ann Intern Med. 2007 Oct 2;147(7):492-504.全文  摘要

120. Hurley DA, McDonough SM, Dempster M, et al. A randomized clinical trial of manipulative therapy and interferential therapy for acute low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2004 Oct 15;29(20):2207-16. 摘要

121. Jellema P, van Tulder MW, van Poppel MN, et al. Lumbar supports for prevention and treatment of low back pain: a systematic review within the framework of the Cochrane Back Review Group. Spine. 2001 Feb 15;26(4):377-86. 摘要

122. Luijsterburg PA, Verhagen AP, Ostelo RW, et al. Physical therapy plus general practitioners' care versus general practitioners' care alone for sciatica: a randomised clinical trial with a 12-month follow-up. Eur Spine J. 2008 Apr;17(4):509-17.全文  摘要

123. Luijsterburg PA, Verhagen AP, Ostelo RW, et al. Effectiveness of conservative treatments for the lumbosacral radicular syndrome: a systematic review. Eur Spin J. 2007 Jul;16(7):881-99.全文  摘要

124. Saper RB, Lemaster C, Delitto A, et al. Yoga, physical therapy, or education for chronic low back pain: a randomized noninferiority trial. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Jul 18;167(2):85-94. 摘要

125. Parr AT, Manchikanti L, Hameed H, et al. Caudal epidural injections in the management of chronic low back pain: a systematic appraisal of the literature. Pain Physician. 2012 May-Jun;15(3):E159-98. 摘要

126. Benyamin RM, Manchikanti L, Parr AT, et al. The effectiveness of lumbar interlaminar epidural injections in managing chronic low back and lower extremity pain. Pain Physician. 2012 Jul-Aug;15(4):E363-404. 摘要

127. Benoist M, Boulu P, Hayem G. Epidural steroid injections in the management of low-back pain with radiculopathy: an update of their efficacy and safety. Eur Spine J. 2012 Feb;21(2):204-13. 摘要

128. Bicket MC, Horowitz JM, Benzon HT, et al. Epidural injections in prevention of surgery for spinal pain: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Spine J. 2015 Feb 1;15(2):348-62. 摘要

129. Chou R, Hashimoto R, Friedly J, et al. Epidural corticosteroid injections for radiculopathy and spinal stenosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Sep 1;163(5):373-81. 摘要

130. Manchikanti L, Benyamin RM, Falco FJ, et al. Do epidural injections provide short- and long-term relief for lumbar disc herniation? a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2015 Jun;473(6):1940-56.全文  摘要

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