一般来讲,根据疾病的初始严重程度,可预测社区获得性肺炎患者的临床治疗效果(包括那些非典型细菌性肺炎)。 在门诊接受治疗的病情不严重患者的死亡率小于1%。 然而,病情较重的患者,特别是对初始治疗无反应的患者,死亡率可高达50%。[18]Metlay JP, Waterer GW, Long AC, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. An official clinical practice guideline of the American Thoracic Society and Infectious Diseases Society of America. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Oct 1;200(7):e45-67.
https://www.atsjournals.org/doi/full/10.1164/rccm.201908-1581ST
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31573350?tool=bestpractice.com
此外,长期待在护理院的患者可能更易导致呼吸道疾病的暴发和死亡。[92]Hastings DL, Harrington KJ, Kutty PK, et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae outbreak in a long-term care facility - Nebraska, 2014. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2015 Mar 27;64(11):296-9.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6411a2.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25811678?tool=bestpractice.com