多囊卵巢综合征

女性生育年龄最常见的内分泌性疾病。

不孕和妊娠并发症的主要原因。

经常伴随胰岛素抵抗、代谢综合征和非酒精性脂肪性肝病，并且罹患 2 型糖尿病的风险增加。

主要治疗目标是减少高雄激素血症或者诱导生育。

如果患者体重正常，则可考虑将来曲唑和氯米芬作为多囊卵巢综合征不孕的一线药物治疗。

多囊卵巢综合征 (Polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS) 包括高雄激素的症状，出现高雄激素血症、稀发排卵或者无排卵，以及超声检查显示有卵巢多囊改变。[1]Zawadzki JK, Dunaif A. Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovary syndrome: towards a rational approach. In: Dunaif A, Givens JR, Haseltine F, et al., eds. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Scientific; 1992:377-84.[2]The Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS consensus workshop group. Revised 2003 consensus on diagnostic criteria and long-term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2004 Jan;81(1):19-25. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14711538?tool=bestpractice.com [3]Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, et al. Positions statement: criteria for defining polycystic ovary syndrome as a predominantly hyperandrogenic syndrome: an Androgen Excess Society guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Nov;91(11):4237-45. http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/full/91/11/4237 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16940456?tool=bestpractice.com [4]Azziz R, Carmina E, Dewailly D, et al. The Androgen Excess and PCOS Society criteria for the polycystic ovary syndrome: the complete task force report. Fertil Steril. 2009 Feb;91(2):456-88. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18950759?tool=bestpractice.com