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急性鼻窦炎

最后审阅: 22 Nov 2024
最后更新: 17 Feb 2022

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • 症状持续时间<10 天(急性病毒性鼻窦炎)
  • 症状持续时间>10 天,但<4 周(急性细菌性鼻窦炎)
  • 初次改善后症状恶化(急性细菌性鼻窦炎)
  • 脓性鼻分泌物
  • 鼻塞
  • 面部疼痛/发胀
  • 发作时症状严重(急性细菌性鼻窦炎)
  • 牙疼
完整详情

其他诊断因素

  • 咳嗽
  • 肌痛
  • 咽痛
  • 嗅觉减退
  • 鼻甲水肿
  • 发热
完整详情

危险因素

  • 病毒性上呼吸道感染
  • 变应性鼻炎
  • 胃食管反流病 (GORD)
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • 临床诊断
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • 鼻内镜检查
  • 鼻窦培养
  • 鼻窦 CT(使用造影剂)
  • 鼻窦 X 线检查
  • 核磁共振成像 (MRI)
  • 颈侧 X 线检查
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

怀疑急性病毒性鼻窦炎

怀疑急性细菌性鼻窦炎

疑似急性侵袭性真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎

持续性治疗

反复发作

撰稿人

作者

Gordon H. Sun, MD, MSc
Gordon H. Sun

Chief Medical Information Officer

Chief of Otolaryngology

Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center

Downey

CA

利益声明

GHS is a consultant with MAXIMUS, Inc. for independent medical reviews.

鸣谢

Dr Gordon H. Sun would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Melissa A. Pynnonen and Dr Joseph K. Han, previous contributors to this topic.

利益声明

MAP and JKH declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Benjamin S. Bleier, MD

Instructor of Otology and Laryngology

Harvard Medical School

Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery

Boston

MA

利益声明

BSB is a co-founder and equity shareholder in Luxxeal, Inc.

Christos Georgalas, MD, PhD, DLO, FRCS (ORL-HNS)

Assistant Professor/Consultant

Academic Medical Center

Amsterdam

The Netherlands

利益声明

CG declares that he has no competing interests.

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