其他表现
约 80% 感染寨卡病毒的患者是无症状的。[13]Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization. Provisional remarks on Zika virus infection in pregnant women: document for health care professionals. January 2016 [internet publication].
http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/18600
对于有症状的患者,常表现为轻度且自限性的疾病,包括发热、斑丘疹(有时为麻疹样)、关节痛/肌痛、和结膜炎。较少见的症状包括呕吐/腹泻、腹痛、厌食症、下肢水肿、以及后眼窝痛。[13]Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization. Provisional remarks on Zika virus infection in pregnant women: document for health care professionals. January 2016 [internet publication].
http://iris.paho.org/xmlui/handle/123456789/18600
有些存在合并症的患者会出现脓毒症和疾病的迅速进展。[14]Zonneveld R, Roosblad J, van Staveren JW, et al. Three atypical lethal cases associated with acute Zika virus infection in Suriname. IDCases. 2016 Jul 22;5:49-53.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5007293/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27630820?tool=bestpractice.com
有些患者出现不典型症状(例如,患者仅表现为全身性皮疹或发热)。[15]Xu BY, Low SG, Tan RT, et al. A case series of atypical presentation of Zika Virus infection in Singapore. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Nov 17;16(1):681.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5112881/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27855636?tool=bestpractice.com
寨卡病毒所致小头畸形曾被报道发生于单绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎妊娠两个胎儿中。[16]Santos VS, Oliveira SJG, Gurgel RQ, et al. Case report: microcephaly in twins due to the Zika virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2017 Jul;97(1):151-4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28719330?tool=bestpractice.com
人们可能会询问是否可继续按计划前往流行地区和/或询问关于避免蚊子叮咬的预防措施。育龄女性可能会询问是否应继续或推迟妊娠计划。人们可能会询问关于在孕前和妊娠期间的安全性行为措施。孕妇若有在旅行中或通过性接触而暴露于寨卡病毒的可能性,可能需要咨询关于寨卡病毒的检测和胎儿监测事宜。