阴道出血评估

参考文献

关键文献

Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187.全文  摘要

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage: diagnosis and initial management. November 2021 [internet publication].全文

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 193: tubal ectopic pregnancy. Mar 2018 [internet publication].全文  摘要

参考文献

1. Söderström HF, Carlsson A, Börjesson A, et al. Vaginal bleeding in prepubertal girls: etiology and cinical management. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016 Jun;29(3):280-5. 摘要

2. Lindner LE, Geerling S, Nettum JA, et al. Clinical characteristics of women with chlamydial cervicitis. J Reprod Med. 1988 Aug;33(8):684-90. 摘要

3. Shapley M, Jordan K, Croft PR. An epidemiological survey of symptoms of menstrual loss in the community. Br J Gen Pract. 2004 May;54(502):359-63.全文  摘要

4. Viikki M, Pukkala E, Hakama M. Bleeding symptoms and subsequent risk of gynecological and other cancers. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1998 May;77(5):564-9. 摘要

5. Cohen O, Schejter E, Agizim R, et al. Postcoital bleeding is a predictor for cervical dysplasia. PLoS One. 2019 May 23;14(5):e0217396.全文  摘要

6. Everett C. Incidence and outcome of bleeding before the 20th week of pregnancy: prospective study from general practice. BMJ. 1997 Jul 5;315(7099):32-4.全文  摘要

7. Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. Association between first-trimester vaginal bleeding and miscarriage. Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Oct;114(4):860-7.全文  摘要

8. Astrup K, Olivarius Nde F. Frequency of spontaneously occurring postmenopausal bleeding in the general population. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2004 Feb;83(2):203-7.全文  摘要

9. Puttemans P, Benagiano G, Gargett C, et al. Neonatal uterine bleeding as a biomarker for reproductive disorders during adolescence: a worldwide call for systematic registration by nurse midwife. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017 Jun;30(12):1434-6.全文  摘要

10. Brosens I, Benagiano G. Is neonatal uterine bleeding involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis as a source of stem cells? Fertil Steril. 2013 Sep;100(3):622-3.全文  摘要

11. Stricker T, Navratil F, Sennhauser FH. Vaginal foreign bodies. J Paediatr Child Health. 2004 Apr;40(4):205-7. 摘要

12. Dwiggins M, Gomez-Lobo V. Current review of prepubertal vaginal bleeding. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Oct;29(5):322-7. 摘要

13. Striegel AM, Myers JB, Sorensen MD, et al. Vaginal discharge and bleeding in girls younger than 6 years. J Urol. 2006 Dec;176(6 Pt 1):2632-5. 摘要

14. Tarney CM, Han J. Postcoital bleeding: a review on etiology, diagnosis, and management. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2014;2014:192087.全文  摘要

15. Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, et al. Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187.全文  摘要

16. Wilson JF. In the clinic. Vaginitis and cervicitis. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Sep 1;151(5):ITC3-1-ITC3-15; quiz ITC3-16. 摘要

17. Taylor SN. Cervicitis of unknown etiology. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2014 Jul;16(7):409. 摘要

18. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer. Cervical carcinoma and sexual behavior: collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 15,461 women with cervical carcinoma and 29,164 women without cervical carcinoma from 21 epidemiological studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Apr;18(4):1060-9.全文  摘要

19. Hessol NA, Whittemore H, Vittinghoff E, et al. Incidence of first and second primary cancers diagnosed among people with HIV, 1985-2013: a population-based, registry linkage study. Lancet HIV. 2018 Nov;5(11):e647-55. 摘要

20. International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies of Cervical Cancer, Appleby P, Beral V, et al. Cervical cancer and hormonal contraceptives: collaborative reanalysis of individual data for 16,573 women with cervical cancer and 35,509 women without cervical cancer from 24 epidemiological studies. Lancet. 2007 Nov 10;370(9599):1609-21. 摘要

21. Shapley M, Jordan J, Croft PR. A systematic review of postcoital bleeding and risk of cervical cancer. Br J Gen Pract. 2006 Jun;56(527):453-60.全文  摘要

22. Adams TS, Cuello MA. Cancer of the vagina. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Oct;143 Suppl 2:14-21.全文  摘要

23. Wiley DJ, Douglas J, Beutner K, et al. External genital warts: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Oct 15;35(Suppl 2):S210-24.全文  摘要

24. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage: diagnosis and initial management. November 2021 [internet publication].全文

25. Panelli DM, Phillips CH, Brady PC. Incidence, diagnosis and management of tubal and nontubal ectopic pregnancies: a review. Fertil Res Pract. 2015 Oct 15;1:15.全文  摘要

26. Furlong LA. Ectopic pregnancy risk when contraception fails. A review. J Reprod Med. 2002 Nov;47(11):881-5. 摘要

27. Wilcox AJ, Weinberg CR, O'Connor JF, et al. Incidence of early loss of pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 1988 Jul 28;319(4):189-94. 摘要

28. Ananth CV, Keyes KM, Hamilton A, et al. An international contrast of rates of placental abruption: an age-period-cohort analysis. PLoS One. 2015 May 27;10(5):e0125246.全文  摘要

29. El-Kady D, Gilbert WM, Anderson J, et al. Trauma during pregnancy: an analysis of maternal and fetal outcomes in a large population. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Jun;190(6):1661-8. 摘要

30. Ananth CV, Smulian JC, Vintzileos AM. Incidence of placental abruption in relation to cigarette smoking and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Obstet Gynecol. 1999 Apr;93(4):622-8. 摘要

31. Addis A, Moretti ME, Ahmed Syed F, et al. Fetal effects of cocaine: an updated meta-analysis. Reprod Toxicol. 2001 Jul-Aug;15(4):341-69. 摘要

32. Rasmussen S, Irgens LM, Dalaker K. Outcome of pregnancies subsequent to placental abruption: a risk assessment. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000 Jun;79(6):496-501. 摘要

33. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: second and third trimester bleeding. 2013 [internet publication].全文

34. Silver RM, Branch DW. Placenta accreta spectrum. N Engl J Med. 2018 Apr 19;378(16):1529-36. 摘要

35. Conde-Agudelo A, Rosas-Bermúdez A, Kafury-Goeta AC. Effects of birth spacing on maternal health: a systematic review. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Apr;196(4):297-308. 摘要

36. Clarke MA, Long BJ, Del Mar Morillo A, et al. Association of endometrial cancer risk with postmenopausal bleeding in women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Sep 1;178(9):1210-22.全文  摘要

37. Bankhead CR, Collins C, Stokes-Lampard H, et al. Identifying symptoms of ovarian cancer: a qualitative and quantitative study. BJOG. 2008 Jul;115(8):1008-14.全文  摘要

38. Practice Committee of American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy: a committee opinion. Fertil Steril. 2013 Sep;100(3):638-44.全文  摘要

39. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 193: tubal ectopic pregnancy. Mar 2018 [internet publication].全文  摘要

40. Elson CJ, Salim R, Potdar N, et al; Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy: green-top guideline no. 21. BJOG. 2016 Dec;123(13):e15-e55.全文  摘要

41. Lahoti SL, McClain N, Girardet R, et al. Evaluating the child for sexual abuse. Am Fam Physician. 2001 Mar 1;63(5):883-92.全文  摘要

42. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969 Jun;44(235):291-303.全文  摘要

43. Spitzer RF, Kives S, Caccia N, et al. Retrospective review of unintentional female genital trauma at a pediatric referral center. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008 Dec;24(12):831-5. 摘要

44. Brander EPA, McQuillan SK. Prepubertal vulvovaginitis. CMAJ. 2018 Jul 3;190(26):E800.全文  摘要

45. Brook G, Church H, Evans C, et al. 2019 UK National Guideline for consultations requiring sexual history taking: Clinical Effectiveness Group British Association for Sexual Health and HIV. Int J STD AIDS. 2020 Sep;31(10):920-38. 摘要

46. Evans D, Goldstein S, Loewy A, et al. No. 385-Indications for pelvic examination. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2019 Aug;41(8):1221-34. 摘要

47. Crochet JR, Bastian LA, Chireau MV. Does this woman have an ectopic pregnancy?: the rational clinical examination systematic review. JAMA. 2013 Apr 24;309(16):1722-9. 摘要

48. Cohen PA, Jhingran A, Oaknin A, et al. Cervical cancer. Lancet. 2019 Jan 12;393(10167):169-82. 摘要

49. Expert Panel on GYN and OB Imaging, Shipp TD, Poder L, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® second and third trimester vaginal bleeding. J Am Coll Radiol. 2020 Nov;17(11S):S497-504. 摘要

50. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Antepartum haemorrhage (green-top guideline No. 63). 5 Dec 2011 [internet publication].全文

51. Wølner-Hanssen P, Krieger JN, Stevens CE, et al. Clinical manifestations of vaginal trichomoniasis. JAMA. 1989 Jan 27;261(4):571-6. 摘要

52. Paladine HL, Desai UA. Vaginitis: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2018 Mar 1;97(5):321-9.全文  摘要

53. Oyelese Y, Ananth CV. Placental abruption. Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Oct;108(4):1005-16. 摘要

54. Expert Panel on Women’s Imaging, Brown DL, Packard A, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® first trimester vaginal bleeding. J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 May;15(5S):S69-77.全文  摘要

55. Expert Panel on Women’s Imaging, Atri M, Alabousi A, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® clinically suspected adnexal mass, no acute symptoms. J Am Coll Radiol. 2019 May;16(5S):S77-93.全文  摘要

56. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 734: the role of transvaginal ultrasonography in evaluating the endometrium of women with postmenopausal bleeding. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 May;131(5):e124-9.全文  摘要

57. Oaknin A, Bosse TJ, Creutzberg CL, et al. Endometrial cancer: ESMO clinical practice guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022 Sep;33(9):860-77.全文  摘要

58. Yudin MH, Hillier SL, Wiesenfeld HC, et al. Vaginal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and bacterial vaginosis as markers for histologic endometritis among women without symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Feb;188(2):318-23. 摘要

59. Coeman D, Van Belle Y, Vanderick G, et al. Hysteroscopic findings in patients with a cervical polyp. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Dec;169(6):1563-5. 摘要

60. O'Brien KL, Shainker SA, Lockhart EL. Transfusion management of obstetric hemorrhage. Transfus Med Rev. 2018 Oct;32(4):249-55. 摘要

61. Glantz C, Purnell L. Clinical utility of sonography in the diagnosis and treatment of placental abruption. J Ultrasound Med. 2002 Aug;21(8):837-40. 摘要

62. Marrazzo JM, Martin DH. Management of women with cervicitis. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Apr 1;44 Suppl 3:S102-10. 摘要

63. Nugent RP, Krohn MA, Hillier SL. Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Feb;29(2):297-301.全文  摘要

64. British Society for Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology. Genital trauma in girls. Jun 2017 [internet publication].全文

内容使用需遵循免责声明