小结
定义
病史和体格检查
关键诊断因素
- 存在的危险因素
- 年龄 18 岁以上
- 至少有 1 个阳性精神病症状持续 ＞ 1 天但 ＜ 1 个月
- 非药物使用引起的症状
- 非内科疾病引起的症状
其他诊断因素
- 妊娠期或产后 4 周内
- 近期压力和外伤
危险因素
- 显著的生活应激源
- 人格障碍
- 精神病性障碍家族史
- 妊娠期或产后 4 周
- 女性既往精神症状史
- 年龄 35~45 岁
- 单身母亲
诊断性检查
首要检查
- 血清妊娠试验（女性）
需考虑的检查
- 电解质
- 尿素
- 肌酐
- 葡萄糖
- 肝功能检查 (LFT)
- 甲状腺功能检查 (TFT)
- 梅毒血清学检查
- 尿液分析
- 尿液毒理学
- 心电图 (ECG)
- 脑 CT 扫描
- 颅脑 MRI 扫描
治疗流程
能够接受或耐受口服治疗
拒绝或无法耐受口服治疗
撰稿人
作者
Kimberly R. Warren, PhD
Associate Professor
Morgan State University
Department of Psychology
Baltimore
MD
利益声明
KRW declares that she has no competing interests.
Elaine Weiner, MD
Assistant Professor
Outpatient Research Program
Department of Psychiatry
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center
University of Maryland
School of Medicine
Catonsville
MD
利益声明
EW declares that she has no competing interests.
Deanna L. Kelly, PharmD
Associate Professor
Director
Treatment Research Program
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center
University of Maryland
School of Medicine
Department of Psychiatry
Catonsville
MD
利益声明
DLK has served as a consultant for Alkermes and HLS Therapeutics.
鸣谢
Dr Kimberly Warren, Dr Elaine Weiner, and Dr Deanna Kelly would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr William R. Keller, a previous contributor to this topic.
利益声明
WRK declares that he has no competing interests.
同行评议者
Joel Yager, MD
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
University of New Mexico School of Medicine
Albuquerque
NM
利益声明
JY is an author of a reference cited in this topic.
Craig N. Sawchuk, PhD
Affiliate Assistant Professor
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
University of Washington Medical Center
Seattle
WA
利益声明
CNS declares that he has no competing interests.
鉴别诊断
- 精神分裂症
- 妄想症
- 伴有精神病特征的重性抑郁障碍
更多 鉴别诊断指南
- 成人精神病与精神分裂症：预防和管理
- 精神障碍的最佳药物治疗：专家共识指南系列
更多 指南患者教育信息
短暂精神病性障碍
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