Eczema

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management. Jun 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Sidbury R, Tom WL, Bergman JN, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 4. Prevention of disease flares and use of adjunctive therapies and approaches. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Dec;71(6):1218-33.Texto completo  Resumo

Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Feb;70(2):338-51.Texto completo  Resumo

Sidbury R, Davis DM, Cohen DE, et al; American Academy of Dermatology. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 3. Management and treatment with phototherapy and systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Aug;71(2):327-49.Texto completo  Resumo

Sidbury R, Alikhan A, Bercovitch L, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis in adults with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 11:S0190-9622(23)00004-X. Texto completo  Resumo

1. Spergel JM, Paller AS. Atopic dermatitis and the atopic march. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Dec;112(6 Suppl):S118-27. Resumo

2. Kim JP, Chao LX, Simpson EL, et al. Persistence of atopic dermatitis (AD): a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Oct;75(4):681-7;e11.Texto completo  Resumo

3. Chopra R, Vakharia PP, Sacotte R, et al. Severity strata for Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI), modified EASI, Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD), objective SCORAD, Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index and body surface area in adolescents and adults with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Nov;177(5):1316-21. Resumo

4. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dupilumab for treating moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. Aug 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

5. Agache I, Akdis CA, Akdis M, et al. EAACI biologicals guidelines: dupilumab for children and adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy. 2021 Apr;76(4):988-1009. Resumo

6. Nutten S. Atopic dermatitis: global epidemiology and risk factors. Ann Nutr Metab. 2015;66 Suppl 1:8-16.Texto completo  Resumo

7. Leung D, Boguniewicz M, Howell MD, et al. New insights into atopic dermatitis. J Clin Invest. 2004 Mar;113(5):651-7.Texto completo  Resumo

8. Chiesa Fuxench ZC, Block JK, Boguniewicz M, et al. Atopic dermatitis in America study: a cross-sectional study examining the prevalence and disease burden of atopic dermatitis in the US adult population. J Invest Dermatol. 2019 Mar;139(3):583-90.Texto completo  Resumo

9. Silverberg JI, Gelfand JM, Margolis DJ, et al. Patient burden and quality of life in atopic dermatitis in US adults: a population-based cross-sectional study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018 Sep;121(3):340-7.Texto completo  Resumo

10. Williams H. Atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jun 2;352(22):2314-24. Resumo

11. Paller AS, Mancini J. Hurwitz clinical pediatric dermatology: a textbook of skin disorders of childhood and adolescence. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016.

12. Thomsen SF. Epidemiology and natural history of atopic diseases. Eur Clin Respir J. 2015 Mar 24;2(1):24642.Texto completo  Resumo

13. Odhiambo JA, Williams HC, Clayton TO, et al; ISAAC Phase Three Study Group. Global variations in prevalence of eczema symptoms in children from ISAAC Phase Three. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Dec;124(6):1251-8.e23.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Williams H, Stewart A, von Mutius E, et al; International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase One and Three Study Groups. Is eczema really on the increase worldwide? J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Apr;121(4):947-54.e15.Texto completo  Resumo

15. Bylund S, von Kobyletzki LB, Svalstedt M, et al. Prevalence and incidence of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. Acta Derm Venereol. 2020 Jun 9;100(12):adv00160.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Hirano SA, Murray SB, Harvey VM. Reporting, representation, and subgroup analysis of race and ethnicity in published clinical trials of atopic dermatitis in the United States between 2000 and 2009. Pediatr Dermatol. 2012 Nov-Dec;29(6):749-55. Resumo

17. Brunner PM, Guttman-Yassky E. Racial differences in atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019 May;122(5):449-55.Texto completo  Resumo

18. Burbank AJ, Hernandez ML, Jefferson A, et al. Environmental justice and allergic disease: a work group report of the AAAAI Environmental Exposure and Respiratory Health Committee and the Diversity, Equity and Inclusion Committee. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2023 Mar;151(3):656-70.Texto completo  Resumo

19. McKenzie C, Silverberg JI. The prevalence and persistence of atopic dermatitis in urban United States children. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2019 Aug;123(2):173-8.e1. Resumo

20. Flohr C, Yeo L. Atopic dermatitis and the hygiene hypothesis revisited. Curr Probl Dermatol. 2011;41:1-34. Resumo

21. Schultz Larsen F, Diepgen T, Svensson A. The occurrence of atopic dermatitis in north Europe: an international questionnaire study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996 May;34(5 pt 1):760-4. Resumo

22. Meagher LJ, Wines NY, Cooper AJ. Atopic dermatitis: review of immunopathogenesis and advances in immunosuppressive therapy. Australas J Dermatol. 2002 Nov;43(4):247-54. Resumo

23. Morar N, Cookson W, Harper JI, et al. Filaggrin mutations in children with severe atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol. 2007 Jul;127(7):1667-72.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, et al. Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis. Nat Genet. 2006 Apr;38(4):441-6. Resumo

25. McLean WH. Filaggrin failure: from ichthyosis vulgaris to atopic eczema and beyond. Br J Dermatol. 2016 Oct;175 Suppl 2(Suppl 2):4-7.Texto completo  Resumo

26. McGrath JA. Filaggrin and the great epidermal barrier grief. Australas J Dermatol. 2008 May;49(2):67-73; quiz 73-4. Resumo

27. Løset M, Brown SJ, Saunes M, et al. Genetics of atopic dermatitis: from DNA sequence to clinical relevance. Dermatology. 2019;235(5):355-64.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Kantor R, Silverberg JI. Environmental risk factors and their role in the management of atopic dermatitis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2017 Jan;13(1):15-26.Texto completo  Resumo

29. Tamagawa-Mineoka R, Katoh N. Atopic dermatitis: identification and management of complicating factors. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 11;21(8):2671.Texto completo  Resumo

30. Geoghegan JA, Irvine AD, Foster TJ. Staphylococcus aureus and atopic dermatitis: a complex and evolving relationship. Trends Microbiol. 2018 Jun;26(6):484-97. Resumo

31. Liu X, Yang G, Luo M, et al. Serum vitamin E levels and chronic inflammatory skin diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0261259.Texto completo  Resumo

32. Havmose MS, Kezic S, Uter W, et al. Prevalence and incidence of hand eczema in hairdressers - a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature from 2000-2021. Contact Dermatitis. 2022 Apr;86(4):254-65.Texto completo  Resumo

33. Jabbar-Lopez ZK, Ung CY, Alexander H, et al. The effect of water hardness on atopic eczema, skin barrier function: a systematic review, meta-analysis. Clin Exp Allergy. 2021 Mar;51(3):430-51. Resumo

34. Calov M, Alinaghi F, Hamann CR, et al. The association between season of birth and atopic dermatitis in the northern hemisphere: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Feb;8(2):674-80.e5. Resumo

35. Howell MD, Kim BE, Gao P, et al. Cytokine modulation of atopic dermatitis filaggrin skin expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Jul;120(1):150-5. Resumo

36. Mao Y, Yang C, Tang L, et al. Increased expression of T helper 17 cells and interleukin-17 in atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Palliat Med. 2021 Dec;10(12):12801-9.Texto completo  Resumo

37. Carlsten C, Dimich-Ward H, Ferguson A, et al. Atopic dermatitis in a high-risk cohort: natural history, associated allergic outcomes, and risk factors. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2013 Jan;110(1):24-8. Resumo

38. Knudgaard MH, Andreasen TH, Ravnborg N, et al. Rhinitis prevalence and association with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Jul;127(1):49-56.e1. Resumo

39. Ravnborg N, Ambikaibalan D, Agnihotri G, et al. Prevalence of asthma in patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2021 Feb;84(2):471-8. Resumo

40. Li H, Dai T, Liu C, et al. Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis and the risk for subsequent asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Feb;86(2):365-72. Resumo

41. Kantor R, Kim A, Thyssen JP, et al. Association of atopic dermatitis with smoking: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Dec;75(6):1119-25;e1.Texto completo  Resumo

42. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. Maternal dietary antigen avoidance during pregnancy or lactation, or both, for preventing or treating atopic disease in the child. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;(9):CD000133.Texto completo  Resumo

43. Cuello-Garcia CA, Brożek JL, Fiocchi A, et al. Probiotics for the prevention of allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Oct;136(4):952-61.Texto completo  Resumo

44. Makrgeorgou A, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath-Hextall FJ, et al. Probiotics for treating eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Nov 21;(11):CD006135.Texto completo  Resumo

45. Tan-Lim CSC, Esteban-Ipac NAR, Recto MST, et al. Comparative effectiveness of probiotic strains on the prevention of pediatric atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2021 Aug;32(6):1255-70. Resumo

46. Kelleher MM, Cro S, Cornelius V, et al. Skin care interventions in infants for preventing eczema and food allergy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 5;2(2):CD013534.Texto completo  Resumo

47. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Atopic eczema in under 12s: diagnosis and management. Jun 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

48. Kaufman BP, Guttman-Yassky E, Alexis AF. Atopic dermatitis in diverse racial and ethnic groups - variations in epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation and treatment. Exp Dermatol. 2018 Apr;27(4):340-57.Texto completo  Resumo

49. Silvestre Salvador JF, Romero-Pérez D, Encabo-Durán B. Atopic dermatitis in adults: a diagnostic challenge. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2017;27(2):78-88.Texto completo  Resumo

50. Pugliarello S, Cozzi A, Gisondi P, et al. Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2011 Jan;9(1):12-20.Texto completo  Resumo

51. Eigenmann PA, Sicherer SH, Borkowski TA, et al. Prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy among children with atopic dermatitis. Pediatrics. 1998 Mar;101(3):E8. Resumo

52. Singh AM, Anvari S, Hauk P, et al. Atopic dermatitis and food allergy: best practices and knowledge gaps - a work group report from the AAAAI Allergic Skin Diseases Committee and Leadership Institute Project. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 Mar;10(3):697-706.Texto completo  Resumo

53. Chang A, Robison R, Cai M, et al. Natural history of food-triggered atopic dermatitis and development of immediate reactions in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2016 Mar-Apr;4(2):229-36.e1.Texto completo  Resumo

54. David TJ. Anaphylactic shock during elimination diets for severe atopic eczema. Arch Dis Child. 1984 Oct;59(10):983-6.Texto completo  Resumo

55. Eigenmann PA, Beyer K, Lack G, et al. Are avoidance diets still warranted in children with atopic dermatitis? Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2020 Jan;31(1):19-26. Resumo

56. Sidbury R, Tom WL, Bergman JN, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 4. Prevention of disease flares and use of adjunctive therapies and approaches. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Dec;71(6):1218-33.Texto completo  Resumo

57. Du Toit G, Roberts G, Sayre PH, et al; LEAP Study Team. Randomized trial of peanut consumption in infants at risk for peanut allergy. N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 26;372(9):803-13.Texto completo  Resumo

58. Beattie PE, Green C, Lowe G, et al. Which children should we patch test? Clin Exp Dermatol. 2007 Jan;32(1):6-11. Resumo

59. Milingou M, Tagka A, Armenaka M, et al. Patch tests in children: a review of 13 years of experience in comparison with previous data. Pediatr Dermatol. 2010 May-Jun;27(3):255-9. Resumo

60. Pigatto P, Martelli A, Marsili C, et al. Contact dermatitis in children. Ital J Pediatr. 2010 Jan 13;36:2.Texto completo  Resumo

61. Owen JL, Vakharia PP, Silverberg JI. The role and diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis in patients with atopic dermatitis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018 Jun;19(3):293-302.Texto completo  Resumo

62. Jacob SE, Burk CJ, Connelly EA. Patch testing: another steroid-sparing agent to consider in children. Pediatr Dermatol. 2008 Jan-Feb;25(1):81-7. Resumo

63. Eichenfield LF, Tom WL, Chamlin SL, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 1. Diagnosis and assessment of atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Feb;70(2):338-51.Texto completo  Resumo

64. Barnetson R, Rogers M. Childhood atopic eczema. BMJ. 2002 Jun 8;324(7350):1376-9. Resumo

65. Piloto Valdés L, Gómez Echevarría AH, Valdés Sánchez AF, et al. Atopic dermatitis: findings of skin biopsies. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 1990 Nov-Dec;18(6):321-4. Resumo

66. Weinstock MA, Horm JW. Mycosis fungoides in the United States. Increasing incidence and descriptive epidemiology. JAMA. 1988 Jul 1;260(1):42-6. Resumo

67. Hanifin JM, Rajka G. Diagnostic features of atopic dermatitis. Acta Dermatol Vereneol. 1980;92(suppl):44-47.

68. De D, Kanwar AJ, Handa S. Comparative efficacy of Hanifin and Rajka's criteria and the UK working party's diagnostic criteria in diagnosis of atopic dermatitis in a hospital setting in North India. JEADV. 2006 Aug;20(7):853-9. Resumo

69. Vakharia PP, Chopra R, Silverberg JI. Systematic review of diagnostic criteria used in atopic dermatitis randomized controlled trials. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2018 Feb;19(1):15-22. Resumo

70. Johnke H, Vach W, Norberg LA, et al. A comparison between criteria for diagnosing atopic eczema in infants. Br J Dermatol. 2005 Aug;153(2):352-8. Resumo

71. Williams HC, Burney PG, Pembroke AC, et al. Validation of the U.K. diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis in a population setting. Br J Dermatol. 1996 Jul;135(1):12-7. Resumo

72. Williams HC, Burney PG, Hay RJ, et al. The U.K. Working Party's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopic Dermatitis. I. Derivation of a minimum set of discriminators for atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 1994 Sep;131(3):383-96. Resumo

73. Fleming S, Bodner C, Devereux G, et al. An application of the United Kingdom Working Party diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis in Scottish infants. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Dec;117(6):1526-30. Resumo

74. Levy ML. Atopic dermatitis: understanding the disease and its management. Curr Med Res Opin. 2007 Dec;23(12):3091-103. Resumo

75. Darsow U, Wollenberg A, Simon D, et al; European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis/EADV Eczema Task Force. ETFAD/EADV eczema task force 2009 position paper on diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Mar;24(3):317-28.Texto completo  Resumo

76. Simpson EL. Atopic dermatitis: a review of topical treatment options. Cur Med Res Opin. 2010 Mar;26(3):633-40. Resumo

77. Kosse RC, Bouvy ML, Daanen M, et al. Adolescents' perspectives on atopic dermatitis treatment - experiences, preferences, and beliefs. JAMA Dermatol. 2018 Jul 1;154(7):824-7.Texto completo  Resumo

78. van Zuuren EJ, Fedorowicz Z, Christensen R, et al. Emollients and moisturisers for eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Feb 6;(2):CD012119.Texto completo  Resumo

79. Sidbury R, Davis DM, Cohen DE, et al; American Academy of Dermatology. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 3. Management and treatment with phototherapy and systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014 Aug;71(2):327-49.Texto completo  Resumo

80. Yu SH, Drucker AM, Lebwohl M, et al. A systematic review of the safety and efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2018 Apr;78(4):733-40. Resumo

81. Eckert L, Gupta S, Amand C, et al. Impact of atopic dermatitis on health-related quality of life and productivity in adults in the United States: an analysis using the National Health and Wellness Survey. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Aug;77(2):274-9.Texto completo  Resumo

82. Teasdale E, Muller I, Sivyer K, et al. Views and experiences of managing eczema: systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies. Br J Dermatol. 2021 Apr;184(4):627-37.Texto completo  Resumo

83. Sidbury R, Alikhan A, Bercovitch L, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis in adults with topical therapies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2023 Jan 11:S0190-9622(23)00004-X. Texto completo  Resumo

84. Czarnowicki T, Malajian D, Khattri S, et al. Petrolatum: barrier repair and antimicrobial responses underlying this "inert" moisturizer. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Apr;137(4):1091-102.Texto completo  Resumo

85. Nicol NH, Boguniewicz M, Strand M, et al. Wet wrap therapy in children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in a multidisciplinary treatment program. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. Jul-Aug 2014;2(4):400-6. Resumo

86. Del Rosso JQ, Bhambri S. Daily application of fluocinonide 0.1% cream for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2009 Sep;2(9):24-32.Texto completo  Resumo

87. Lax SJ, Harvey J, Axon E, et al. Strategies for using topical corticosteroids in children and adults with eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Mar 11;(3):CD013356.Texto completo  Resumo

88. El Hachem M, Gesualdo F, Ricci G, et al. Topical corticosteroid phobia in parents of pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis: a multicentre survey. Ital J Pediatr. 2017 Feb 28;43(1):22.Texto completo  Resumo

89. Smith SD, Hong E, Fearns S, et al. Corticosteroid phobia and other confounders in the treatment of childhood atopic dermatitis explored using parent focus groups. Australas J Dermatol. 2010 Aug;51(3):168-74. Resumo

90. Veenje S, Osinga H, Antonescu I, et al. Focus group parental opinions regarding treatment with topical corticosteroids on children with atopic dermatitis. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). Mar-Apr 2019;47(2):166-71.Texto completo  Resumo

91. Matheson R, Kempers S, Breneman D, et al. Hydrocortisone butyrate 0.1% lotion in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in pediatric subjects. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008 Mar;7(3):266-71. Resumo

92. Wolverton SE. Comprehensive dermatologic drug therapy. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2007.

93. Callen J, Chamlin S, Eichenfield LF, et al. A systematic review of the safety of topical therapies for atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2007 Feb;156(2):203-21.Texto completo  Resumo

94. Jeziorkowska R, Sysa-Jędrzejowska A, Samochocki Z. Topical steroid therapy in atopic dermatitis in theory and practice. Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2015 Jun 10;32(3):162-6. Resumo

95. Trookman NS, Rizer RL. Randomized controlled trial of desonlde hydrogel 0.05% versus desonide ointment 0.05% in the treatment of mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2011 Nov;4(11):34-8.Texto completo  Resumo

96. Sher LG, Chang J, Patel IB, et al. Relieving the pruritus of atopic dermatitis: a meta-analysis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2012 Sep;92(5):455-61. Resumo

97. Cury Martins J, Martins C, Aoki V, et al. Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jul 1;(7):CD009864.Texto completo  Resumo

98. Paller AS, Fölster-Holst R, Chen SC, et al. No evidence of increased cancer incidence in children using topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Aug;83(2):375-81.Texto completo  Resumo

99. Wu PC, Huang IH, Liu CW, et al. Topical calcineurin inhibitors and risk of lymphoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges. 2021 Sep;19(9):1265-9.Texto completo  Resumo

100. Beck LA, Thaçi D, Hamilton JD, et al. Dupilumab treatment in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jul 10;371(2):130-9.Texto completo  Resumo

101. Yang H, Wang J, Zhang X, et al. Application of topical phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2019 May 1;155(5):585-93.Texto completo  Resumo

102. Draelos ZD, Stein Gold LF, Murrell DF, et al. Post hoc analyses of the effect of crisaborole topical ointment, 2% on atopic dermatitis: associated pruritus from phase 1 and 2 clinical studies. J Drugs Dermatol. 2016 Feb;15(2):172-6. Resumo

103. Gong JQ, Lin L, Lin T, et al. Skin colonization by Staphylococcus aureus in patients with eczema and atopic dermatitis and relevant combined topical therapy: a double-blind multicentre randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol. 2006 Oct;155(4):680-7. Resumo

104. Dickman M, Dawson AL, Dellavalle RP. The relationship between hygiene and microbial burden in atopic dermatitis risk based on a systematic review. Arch Dermatol. 2012 Aug;148(8):936-8. Resumo

105. Anderson PC, Dinulos JG. Atopic dermatitis and alternative management strategies. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009 Feb;21(1):131-8. Resumo

106. Huang JT, Rademaker A, Paller AS. Dilute bleach baths for Staphylococcus aureus colonization in atopic dermatitis to decrease disease severity. Arch Dermatol. 2011 Feb;147(2):246-7. Resumo

107. Musters AH, Mashayekhi S, Harvey J, et al. Phototherapy for atopic eczema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Oct 28;(10):CD013870.Texto completo  Resumo

108. British Association of Dermatologists. Service guidance and standards for the use of phototherapy. Sep 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

109. Elsner P, Agner T. Hand eczema: treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2020 Jan;34 Suppl 1:13-21.Texto completo  Resumo

110. Simpson EL, Bruin-Weller M, Flohr C, et al. When does atopic dermatitis warrant systemic therapy? Recommendations from an expert panel of the International Eczema Council. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017 Oct;77(4):623-33.Texto completo  Resumo

111. Agache I, Song Y, Posso M, et al. Efficacy and safety of dupilumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic review for the EAACI biologicals guidelines. Allergy. 2021 Jan;76(1):45-58.Texto completo  Resumo

112. Schmitt J, Schäkel K, Schmitt N, et al. Systemic treatment of severe atopic eczema: a systematic review. Acta Derm Venereol. 2007;87(2):100-11. Resumo

113. Gooderham M, Lynde CW, Papp K, et al. Review of systemic treatment options for adult atopic dermatitis. J Cutan Med Surg. 2017 Jan/Feb;21(1):31-9. Resumo

114. Siegels D, Heratizadeh A, Abraham S, et al. Systemic treatments in the management of atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2021 Apr;76(4):1053-76. Resumo

115. Taylor K, Swan DJ, Affleck A, et al; U.K. Translational Research Network in Dermatology and U.K. Dermatology Clinical Trials Network. Treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic eczema in adults within the U.K.: results of a national survey of dermatologists. Br J Dermatol. 2017 Jun;176(6):1617-23.Texto completo  Resumo

116. Drucker AM, Ellis AG, Bohdanowicz M, et al. Systemic immunomodulatory treatments for patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Dermatol. 2020 Jun 1;156(6):659-67.Texto completo  Resumo

117. Schmitt J, Schmitt N, Meurer M. Cyclosporin in the treatment of patients with atopic eczema: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007 May;21(5):606-19. Resumo

118. Roekevisch E, Spuls PI, Kuester D, et al. Efficacy and safety of systemic treatments for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic review. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Feb;133(2):429-38. Resumo

119. Yousaf M, Ayasse M, Ahmed A, et al. Association between atopic dermatitis and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2022 Feb;186(2):227-35. Resumo

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