Avaliação do estado mental alterado

Referências

Principais artigos

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.

Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1063-143.Texto completo  Resumo

McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011 May;7(3):263-9.Texto completo  Resumo

Artigos de referência

1. Han JH, Wilber ST. Altered mental status in older patients in the emergency department. Clin Geriatr Med. 2013 Feb;29(1):101-36.Texto completo  Resumo

2. Wilber ST, Ondrejka JE. Altered mental status and delirium. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2016 Aug;34(3):649-65. Resumo

3. Xiao HY, Wang YX, Xu TD, et al. Evaluation and treatment of altered mental status patients in the emergency department: life in the fast lane. World J Emerg Med. 2012;3(4):270-7.Texto completo  Resumo

4. Aslaner MA, Boz M, Çelik A, et al. Etiologies and delirium rates of elderly ED patients with acutely altered mental status: a multicenter prospective study. Am J Emerg Med. 2017 Jan;35(1):71-6. Resumo

5. Young J, Inouye SK. Delirium in older people. BMJ. 2007 Apr 21;334(7598):842-6. Resumo

6. Lehman RK, Mink J. Altered mental status. Clin Pediatr Emerg Med. 2008;9:68-75.

7. Ruff RM, Iverson GL, Barth JT, et al. Recommendations for diagnosing a mild traumatic brain injury: a National Academy of Neuropsychology education paper. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2009 Feb;24(1):3-10. Resumo

8. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Delirium: prevention, diagnosis and management in hospital and long-term care. Jan 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

9. The Scottish Hip Fracture Audit Steering Group​. Scottish standards of care for hip fracture patients. Jul 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

10. Royal College of Physicians. Facing new challenges: the National Hip Fracture Database report on 2020. Oct 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

11. Huff JS, Melnick ER, Tomaszewski CA, et al; American College of Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of adult patients presenting to the emergency department with seizures. Ann Emerg Med. 2014 Apr;63(4):437-47;e15.Texto completo  Resumo

12. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al; National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee. Seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003 Dec;42(6):1206-52.Texto completo  Resumo

13. van den Born BH, Lip GYH, Brguljan-Hitij J, et al. ESC Council on hypertension position document on the management of hypertensive emergencies. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2019 Jan 1;5(1):37-46.Texto completo  Resumo

14. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2022.

15. Cole MG, Ciampi A, Belzile E, et al. Persistent delirium in older hospital patients: a systematic review of frequency and prognosis. Age Ageing. 2009 Jan;38(1):19-26.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Ferrer R, Martin-Loeches I, Phillips G, et al. Empiric antibiotic treatment reduces mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock from the first hour: results from a guideline-based performance improvement program. Crit Care Med. 2014 Aug;42(8):1749-55. Resumo

17. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Suspected sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. Mar 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

18. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1063-143.Texto completo  Resumo

19. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):801-10.Texto completo  Resumo

20. Royal College of Physicians. National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2. December 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

21. American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Expert Panel on Sepsis. DART: an evidence-driven tool to guide the early recognition and treatment of sepsis and septic shock [internet publication].Texto completo

22. Academy of Medical Royal Colleges. Statement on the initial antimicrobial treatment of sepsis. May 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

23. Schlapbach LJ, Watson RS, Sorce LR, et al. International consensus criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock. JAMA. 2024 Feb 27;331(8):665-74.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Society of Critical Care Medicine. Surviving Sepsis Campaign Hour-1 Bundle. 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

25. Marcantonio ER. Delirium in hospitalized older adults. N Engl J Med. 2017 Oct 12;377(15):1456-66.Texto completo  Resumo

26. Boucher V, Lamontagne ME, Nadeau A, et al. Unrecognized incident delirium in older emergency department patients. J Emerg Med. 2019 Oct;57(4):535-42. Resumo

27. Han JH, Zimmerman EE, Cutler N, et al. Delirium in older emergency department patients: recognition, risk factors, and psychomotor subtypes. Acad Emerg Med. 2009 Mar;16(3):193-200.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Wong CL, Holroyd-Leduc J, Simel DL, et al. Does this patient have delirium?: value of bedside instruments. JAMA. 2010 Aug 18;304(7):779-86. Resumo

29. Han JH, Wilson A, Graves AJ, et al. Validation of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit in older emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Feb;21(2):180-7. Resumo

30. Inouye SK, Kosar CM, Tommet D, et al. The CAM-S: development and validation of a new scoring system for delirium severity in 2 cohorts. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Apr 15;160(8):526-33. Resumo

31. Marcantonio ER, Ngo LH, O'Connor M, et al. 3D-CAM: derivation and validation of a 3-minute diagnostic interview for CAM-defined delirium: a cross-sectional diagnostic test study. Ann Intern Med. 2014 Oct 21;161(8):554-61.Texto completo  Resumo

32. De J, Wand AP. Delirium Screening: a systematic review of delirium screening tools in hospitalized patients. Gerontologist. 2015 Dec;55(6):1079-99.Texto completo  Resumo

33. Neto AS, Nassar AP Jr, Cardoso SO, et al. Delirium screening in critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 2012 Jun;40(6):1946-51. Resumo

34. Jones RN, Cizginer S, Pavlech L, et al. Assessment of instruments for measurement of delirium severity: a systematic review. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Feb 1;179(2):231-9. Resumo

35. Quispel-Aggenbach DWP, Holtman GA, Zwartjes HAHT, et al. Attention, arousal and other rapid bedside screening instruments for delirium in older patients: a systematic review of test accuracy studies. Age Ageing. 2018 Sep 1;47(5):644-53.Texto completo  Resumo

36. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers. June 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

37. 4AT. Rapid clinical test for delirium. 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

38. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. "Mini-mental state": a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975 Nov;12(3):189-98. Resumo

39. Mitchell AJ. A meta-analysis of the accuracy of the mini-mental state examination in the detection of dementia and mild cognitive impairment. J Psychiatr Res. 2009 Jan;43(4):411-31. Resumo

40. Arevalo-Rodriguez I, Smailagic N, Roqué I Figuls M, et al. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Mar 5;(3):CD010783.Texto completo  Resumo

41. Tsoi KK, Chan JY, Hirai HW, et al. Cognitive tests to detect dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Sep;175(9):1450-8. Resumo

42. Nasreddine ZS, Phillips NA, Bédirian V, et al. The Montreal cognitive assessment, MoCA: a brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Apr;53(4):695-9. Resumo

43. Smith T, Gildeh N, Holmes C. The Montreal cognitive assessment: validity and utility in a memory clinic setting. Can J Psychiatry. 2007 May;52(5):329-32. Resumo

44. Dalrymple-Alford JC, MacAskill MR, Nakas CT, et al. The MoCA: well-suited screen for cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2010 Nov 9;75(19):1717-25. Resumo

45. Morandi A, McCurley J, Vasilevskis EE, et al. Tools to detect delirium superimposed on dementia: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2012 Nov;60(11):2005-13.Texto completo  Resumo

46. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Risk reduction and management of delirium. March 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

47. European Association for the Study of the Liver. EASL clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatic encephalopathy. J Hepatol. 2022 Sep;77(3):807-24.Texto completo  Resumo

48. Sidhu KS, Balon R, Ajluni V, et al. Standard EEG and the difficult-to-assess mental status. Ann Clin Psychiatry. 2009 Apr-Jun;21(2):103-8. Resumo

49. Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al; American Heart Association Stroke Council. 2018 guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2018 Mar;49(3):e46-110.Texto completo  Resumo

50. McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011 May;7(3):263-9.Texto completo  Resumo

51. Rondon-Berrios H, Argyropoulos C, Ing TS, et al. Hypertonicity: clinical entities, manifestations and treatment. World J Nephrol. 2017 Jan 6;6(1):1-13. Resumo

52. Hoorn EJ, Zietse R. Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia: compilation of the guidelines. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 May;28(5):1340-9.Texto completo  Resumo

53. Turner JJO. Hypercalcaemia - presentation and management. Clin Med (Lond). 2017 Jun;17(3):270-3.Texto completo  Resumo

54. Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatology. 2014 Aug;60(2):715-35.Texto completo  Resumo

55. McGill F, Heyderman RS, Panagiotou S, et al. Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. Lancet. 2016 Dec 17;388(10063):3036-47. Resumo

56. Gonzalez H, Koralnik IJ, Marra CM. Neurosyphilis. Semin Neurol. 2019 Aug;39(4):448-55. Resumo

57. Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR, McKhann GM 2nd, et al. Brain abscess. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jul 31;371(5):447-56. Resumo

58. American College of Emergency Physicians. Clinical policy: critical issues in the diagnosis and management of the adult psychiatric patient inthe emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Apr;69(4):480-98.Texto completo  Resumo

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