Botulismo

Rao AK, Sobel J, Chatham-Stephens K, et al. Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Botulism, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 May 7;70(2):1-30.Texto completo  Resumo

Arnon SS, Schechter R, Inglesby TV, et al. Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA. 2001 Feb 28;285(8):1059-70. Resumo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Investigational heptavalent botulinum antitoxin (HBAT) to replace licensed botulinum antitoxin AB and investigational botulinum antitoxin E. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Mar 19;59(10):299.Texto completo  Resumo

Arnon SS, Schechter R, Maslanka SE, et al. Human botulism immune globulin for the treatment of infant botulism. N Engl J Med. 2006 Feb 2;354(5):462-71.Texto completo  Resumo

1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases. Botulism in the United States, 1899-1996: handbook for epidemiologists, clinicians, and laboratory workers. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1998.Texto completo

2. Koepke R, Sobel J, Arnon SS. Global occurrence of infant botulism, 1976-2006. Pediatrics. 2008 Jul;122(1):e73-82. Resumo

3. Giménez JA, Giménez MA, DasGupta BR. Characterization of the neurotoxin isolated from a Clostridium baratii strain implicated in infant botulism. Infect Immun. 1992 Feb;60(2):518-22.Texto completo  Resumo

4. Suen JC, Hatheway CL, Steigerwalt AG, et al. Genetic confirmation of identities of neurotoxigenic Clostridium baratii and Clostridium butyricum implicated as agents of infant botulism. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Oct;26(10):2191-2.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Health Protection Agency. Infant botulism: laboratory reported cases of Clostridium botulinum intoxication reported to the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections England and Wales 1975-2013. January 2014 [internet publication].Texto completo

6. Gottlieb SL, Kretsinger K, Tarkhashvili N, et al. Long-term outcomes of 217 botulism cases in the Republic of Georgia. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 15;45(2):174-80.Texto completo  Resumo

7. Shaffer N, Wainwright RB, Middaugh JP, et al. Botulism among Alaska natives. The role of changing food preparation and consumption practices. West J Med. 1990 Oct;153(4):390-3.Texto completo  Resumo

8. Gao QY, Huang YF, Wu JG, et al. A review of botulism in China. Biomed Environ Sci. 1990 Sep;3(3):326-36. Resumo

9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Botulism associated with commercially canned chili sauce - Texas and Indiana, July 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007 Aug 3;56(30):767-9.Texto completo  Resumo

10. Sobel J, Tucker N, Sulka A, et al. Foodborne botulism in the United States, 1990-2000. Emerg Infect Dis. 2004 Sep;10(9):1606-11. Resumo

11. McLauchlin J, Grant KA, Little CL. Food-borne botulism in the United Kingdom. J Public Health (Oxf). 2006 Dec;28(4):337-42.Texto completo  Resumo

12. Health Protection Agency. Guidelines for action in the event of a deliberate release: botulism. 31 March 2009 [internet publication].Texto completo

13. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control: surveillance atlas of infectious diseases - botulismTexto completo

14. Health Protection Agency. Foodborne botulism: laboratory reported cases of Clostridium botulinum intoxication reported to the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections England and Wales 1980-2013. January 2014 [internet publication].Texto completo

15. Werner SB, Passaro D, McGee J, et al. Wound botulism in California, 1951-1998: a recent epidemic in heroin injectors. Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Oct;31(4):1018-24.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Passaro DJ, Werner SB, McGee J, et al. Wound botulism associated with black tar heroin among injecting drug users. JAMA. 1998 Mar 18;279(11):859-63.Texto completo  Resumo

17. Peak CM, Rosen H, Kamali A, et al. Wound botulism outbreak among persons who use black tar heroin - San Diego County, California, 2017-2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019 Jan 4;67(5152):1415-8.Texto completo  Resumo

18. Health Protection Agency. Wound botulism in people who inject drugs: suspected and confirmed cases reported to the Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, England and Wales 2000-2013. January 2014 [internet publication].Texto completo

19. Crowner BE, Brunstrom JE, Racette BA. Iatrogenic botulism due to therapeutic botulinum toxin A injection in a pediatric patient. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2007 Sep-Oct;30(5):310-3. Resumo

20. Chertow DS, Tan ET, Maslanka SE, et al. Botulism in 4 adults following cosmetic injections with an unlicensed, highly concentrated botulinum preparation. JAMA. 2006 Nov 22;296(20):2476-9.Texto completo  Resumo

21. Souayah N, Karim H, Kamin SS, et al. Severe botulism after focal injection of botulinum toxin. Neurology. 2006 Nov 28;67(10):1855-6. Resumo

22. Wells CL, Wilkin TD. Clostridia: sporeforming anaerobic bacilli. In: Baron S, ed. Medical Microbiology. 4th ed. Galveston, TX: University of Texas Medical Branch; 1996:Chapter 18.Texto completo  Resumo

23. Smith LD. Botulism: the organism, its toxins, the disease. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas; 1977.

24. Hatheway CL, Johnson EA. Clostridium: the sporebearing anaerobes. In: Collier L, Balows A, Sussman M, eds. Topley & Wilson's microbiology and microbial infections, 9th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1998:731-82.

25. Fu FN, Lomneth RB, Cai S, et al. Role of zinc in the structure and toxic activity of botulinum neurotoxin. Biochemistry. 1998 Apr 14;37(15):5267-78. Resumo

26. Lacy DB, Tepp W, Cohen AC, et al. Crystal structure of botulinum neurotoxin type A and implications for toxicity. Nat Struct Biol. 1998 Oct;5(10):898-902. Resumo

27. Hauschild AH. Clostridium botulinum. In: Doyle MP, ed. Foodborne bacterial pathogens. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker; 1989:112-89.

28. Arnon S. Infant botulism. In: Feigen RD, Cherry JD, eds. Textbook of pediatric infectious diseases. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1998:570-577.

29. Black JD, Dolly JO. Interaction of 125I-labeled botulinum neurotoxins with nerve terminals. II. Autoradiographic evidence for its uptake into motor nerves by receptor-mediated endocytosis. J Cell Biol. 1986;103:535-544.Texto completo  Resumo

30. Simpson LL. Peripheral actions of the botulinum toxins. In: Simpson LL, ed. Botulinum neurotoxin and tetanus toxin. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1989:153-178.

31. Blasi J, Binz T, Yamasaki S, et al. Inhibition of neurotransmitter release by clostridial neurotoxins correlates with specific proteolysis of synaptosomal proteins. J Physiol Paris. 1994;88:235-241. Resumo

32. Schiavo G, Benfenati F, Poulain B, et al. Tetanus and botulinum-B neurotoxins block neurotransmitter release by proteolytic cleavage of synaptobrevin. Nature. 1992;359:832-835. Resumo

33. Nowakowski JL, Courtney BC, Bing QA, et al. Production of an expression system for a synaptobrevin fragment to monitor cleavage by botulinum neurotoxin B. J Protein Chem. 1998;17:453-462. Resumo

34. Schiavo G, Santucci A, Dasgupta BR, et al. Botulinum neurotoxins serotypes A and E cleave SNAP-25 at distinct COOH-terminal peptide bonds. FEBS Lett. 1993;335:99-103. Resumo

35. Sheth AN, Wiersma P, Atrubin D, et al. International outbreak of severe botulism with prolonged toxemia caused by commercial carrot juice. Clin Infect Dis. 2008 Nov 15;47(10):1245-51. Resumo

36. Kalka-Moll WM, Aurbach U, Schaumann R, et al. Wound botulism in injection drug users. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Jun;13(6):942-3. Resumo

37. Brett MM, Hallas G, Mpamugo O. Wound botulism in the UK and Ireland. J Med Microbiol. 2004 Jun;53(Pt 6):555-61.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Update zu einer Haufung von Wundbotulismus bei injizierenden Drogenkonsumenten in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Epidemiologisches Bulletin. 2005;(48):453.

39. Aureli P, Fenicia L, Pasolini B, et al. Two cases of type E infant botulism caused by neurotoxigenic Clostridium butyricum in Italy. J Infect Dis. 1986 Aug;154(2):207-11. Resumo

40. Partikian A, Mitchell WG. Iatrogenic botulism in a child with spastic quadriparesis. J Child Neurol. 2007 Oct;22(10):1235-7. Resumo

41. Shelley EB, O'Rourke D, Grant K, et al. Infant botulism due to C. butyricum type E toxin: a novel environmental association with pet terrapins. Epidemiol Infect. 2015 Feb;143(3):461-9. Resumo

42. Morris JG Jr, Snyder JD, Wilson R, et al. Infant botulism in the United States: an epidemiologic study of cases occurring outside of California. Am J Public Health. 1983;73:1385-1388.Texto completo  Resumo

43. Rao AK, Sobel J, Chatham-Stephens K, et al. Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Botulism, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 May 7;70(2):1-30.Texto completo  Resumo

44. Shapiro RL, Hatheway C, Swerdlow DL. Botulism in the United States: a clinical and epidemiologic review. Ann Intern Med. 1998 Aug 1;129(3):221-8. Resumo

45. Hughes JM, Blumenthal JR, Merson MH, et al. Clinical features of types A and B food-borne botulism. Ann Intern Med. 1981 Oct;95(4):442-5. Resumo

46. Cherington M. Botulism: update and review. Semin Neurol. 2004 Jun;24(2):155-63. Resumo

47. Istre GR, Compton R, Novotny T, et al. Infant botulism: three cases in a small town. Am J Dis Child. 1986 Oct;140(10):1013-4. Resumo

48. Long SS. Botulism in infancy. Pediatr Infect Dis. 1984 May-Jun;3(3):266-71. Resumo

49. Arnon SS, Schechter R, Inglesby TV, et al. Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA. 2001 Feb 28;285(8):1059-70. Resumo

50. Notermans S, Nagel J. Assays for botulinum and tetanus toxins. In: Simpson LL, ed. Botulinum neurotoxin and tetanus toxin. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1989:319-31.

51. Dowell VR Jr, McCroskey LM, Hatheway CL, et al. Coproexamination for botulinal toxin and Clostridium botulinum: a new procedure for laboratory diagnosis of botulism. JAMA. 1977 Oct 24;238(17):1829-32. Resumo

52. Public Health England. Botulism: clinical and public health management. 18 December 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

53. Gutmann L, Bodensteiner J, Gutierrez A. Electrodiagnosis of botulism. J Pediatr. 1992 Nov;121(5 Pt 1):835. Resumo

54. Roman MG, Humber JY, Hall PA, et al. Amplified immunoassay ELISA-ELCA for measuring Clostridium botulinum type E neurotoxin in fish fillets. J Food Prot. 1994 Nov;57(11):985-90.Texto completo  Resumo

55. Shone C, Wilton-Smith P, Appleton N, et al. Monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for type A Clostridium botulinum toxin is comparable to the mouse bioassay. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Jul;50(1):63-7.Texto completo  Resumo

56. Del Torre M, Stecchini ML, Peck MW. Investigation of the ability of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum to multiply and produce toxin in fresh Italian pasta. J Food Prot. 1998 Aug;61(8):988-93. Resumo

57. Rodriguez A, Dezfulian M. Rapid identification of Clostridium botulinum and botulinal toxin in food. Folia Microbiol (Praha). 1997;42(2):149-51. Resumo

58. Lindström M, Korkeala H. Laboratory diagnostics of botulism. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Apr;19(2):298-314.Texto completo  Resumo

59. Sobel J. Botulism. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 15;41(8):1167-73.Texto completo  Resumo

60. Sharma SK, Whiting RC. Methods for detection of Clostridium botulinum toxin in foods. J Food Prot. 2005 Jun;68(6):1256-63. Resumo

61. Pascuzzi RM, Fleck JD. Acute peripheral neuropathy in adults: Guillain-Barre syndrome and related disorders. Neurol Clin. 1997 Aug;15(3):529-47. Resumo

62. Oh SJ, Kim DE, Kuruoglu R, et al. Electrophysiological and clinical correlations in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Muscle Nerve. 1996 Jul;19(7):903-6. Resumo

63. Francisco AM, Arnon SS. Clinical mimics of infant botulism. Pediatrics. 2007 Apr;119(4):826-8.Texto completo  Resumo

64. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Investigational heptavalent botulinum antitoxin (HBAT) to replace licensed botulinum antitoxin AB and investigational botulinum antitoxin E. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Mar 19;59(10):299.Texto completo  Resumo

65. Arnon SS, Schechter R, Maslanka SE, et al. Human botulism immune globulin for the treatment of infant botulism. N Engl J Med. 2006 Feb 2;354(5):462-71.Texto completo  Resumo

66. Chalk CH, Benstead TJ, Pound JD, et al. Medical treatment for botulism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Apr 17;(4):CD008123.Texto completo  Resumo

67. Health Protection Agency. Infant botulism: report of the first treatment by Baby BIG in the UK. November 2007 [internet publication].Texto completo

68. Ramroop S, Williams B, Vora S, Moshal K. Infant botulism and botulism immune globulin in the UK: a case series of four infants. Arch Dis Child. 2012 May;97(5):459-60. Resumo

69. Santos JI, Swensen P, Glasgow LA. Potentiation of Clostridium botulinum toxin aminoglycoside antibiotics: clinical and laboratory observations. Pediatrics. 1981 Jul;68(1):50-4. Resumo

70. European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products. EMEA/CPMP guidance document on use of medicinal products for treatment and prophylaxis of biological agents that might be used as weapons of bioterrorism. 18 November 2014 [internet publication].Texto completo

71. Gangarosa EJ, Donadio JA, Armstrong RW, et al. Botulism in the United States, 1899-1969. Am J Epidemiol. 1971;93:93-101. Resumo

72. Varma JK, Katsitadze G, Moiscrafishvili M, et al. Signs and symptoms predictive of death in patients with foodborne botulism - Republic of Georgia, 1980-2002. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39:357-362.Texto completo  Resumo

73. Glauser TA, Maguire HC, Sladky JT. Relapse of infant botulism. Ann Neurol. 1990;28:187-189. Resumo