Sangramento uterino anormal

Referências

Principais artigos

Munro MG, Critchley HO, Broder MS, et al. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Apr;113(1):3-13. Resumo

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Heavy menstrual bleeding: assessment and management. May 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 128: diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-aged women. Jul 2012 [internet publication].Texto completo

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG committee opinion no. 557: management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant reproductive-aged women. Apr 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 136: management of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction. Jul 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artigos de referência

1. Munro MG, Critchley HO, Broder MS, et al. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Apr;113(1):3-13. Resumo

2. Fraser IS, Critchley HO, Broder M, et al. The FIGO recommendations on terminologies and definitions for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding. Semin Reprod Med. 2011 Sep;29(5):383-90. Resumo

3. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Heavy menstrual bleeding: assessment and management. May 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

4. Fraser IS, Critchley HO, Munro MG, et al. A process designed to lead to international agreement on terminologies and definitions used to describe abnormalities of menstrual bleeding. Fertil Steril. 2007 Mar;87(3):466-76.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Fraser I, Langham S, Uhl-Hochgraeber K. Health-related quality of life and economic burden of abnormal uterine bleeding. Expert Rev Obstet Gynecol. 2009;4(2):179-89.

6. Shapley M, Jordan K, Croft PR. An epidemiological survey of symptoms of menstrual loss in the community. Br J Gen Pract. 2004 May;54(502):359-63.Texto completo  Resumo

7. Kjerulff KH, Erickson BA, Langenberg PW. Chronic gynecological conditions reported by US women: findings from the National Health Interview Survey, 1984 to 1992. Am J Public Health. 1996 Feb;86(2):195-9.Texto completo  Resumo

8. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. National heavy menstrual bleeding audit: a national audit to assess patient outcomes and experiences of care for women with heavy menstrual bleeding in England and Wales. Second Annual Report. July 2012 [internet publication].Texto completo

9. Geary RS, Gurol-Urganci I, Kiran A, et al. Factors associated with receiving surgical treatment for menorrhagia in England and Wales: findings from a cohort study of the National Heavy Menstrual Bleeding Audit. BMJ Open. 2019 Feb 19;9(2):e024260.Texto completo  Resumo

10. UK Office for National Statistics. Statistical bulletin: who is having babies? December 2009 [internet publication].Texto completo

11. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 128: diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive-aged women. Jul 2012 [internet publication].Texto completo

12. Salim S, Won H, Nesbitt-Hawes E, et al. Diagnosis and management of endometrial polyps: a critical review of the literature. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2011 Sep-Oct;18(5):569-81. Resumo

13. Haimov-Kochman R, Deri-Hasid R, Hamani Y, et al. The natural course of endometrial polyps: could they vanish when left untreated? Fertil Steril. 2009 Aug;92(2):828.e11-2.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Bergholt T, Eriksen L, Berendt N, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of adenomyosis at hysterectomy. Hum Reprod. 2001 Nov;16(11):2418-21.Texto completo  Resumo

15. Abbott JA. Adenomyosis and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB-A)-Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2017 Apr;40:68-81. Resumo

16. Baird DD, Dunson DB, Hill MC, et al. High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: ultrasound evidence. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003 Jan;188(1):100-7. Resumo

17. Chodankar R, Allison J. New horizons in fibroid management. Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep. 2018 Jun;7(2):106-11.

18. Cancer Research UK. Uterine cancer statistics. 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

19. Deligeoroglou E, Karountzos V. Abnormal Uterine bleeding including coagulopathies and other menstrual disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Apr;48:51-61. Resumo

20. Shankar M, Lee CA, Sabin CA, et al. von Willebrand disease in women with menorrhagia: a systematic review. BJOG. 2004 Jul;111(7):734-40.Texto completo  Resumo

21. Kouides PA, Conard J, Peyvandi F, et al. Hemostasis and menstruation: appropriate investigation for underlying disorders of hemostasis in women with excessive menstrual bleeding. Fertil Steril. 2005 Nov;84(5):1345-51.Texto completo  Resumo

22. Elmaoğulları S, Aycan Z. Abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2018 Jul 31;10(3):191-7.Texto completo  Resumo

23. Maybin JA, Critchley HO. Menstrual physiology: implications for endometrial pathology and beyond. Hum Reprod Update. 2015 Nov-Dec;21(6):748-61.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Whitaker L, Critchley HO. Abnormal uterine bleeding. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2016 Jul;34:54-65.Texto completo  Resumo

25. Mullins TL, Miller RJ, Mullins ES. Evaluation and management of adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding. Pediatr Ann. 2015 Sep;44(9):e218-22. Resumo

26. Cheong Y, Cameron IT, Critchley HOD. Abnormal uterine bleeding. Br Med Bull. 2017 Sep 1;123(1):103-14.Texto completo  Resumo

27. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Low C, et al. Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Aug 14;(8):CD001016.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Abdel-Aleem H, d'Arcangues C, Vogelsong KM, et al. Treatment of vaginal bleeding irregularities induced by progestin only contraceptives. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 21;(10):CD003449.Texto completo  Resumo

29. The Faculty of Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare of the Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists. FSRH clinical guideline: problematic bleeding with hormonal contraception. July 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo

30. Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Fraser IS, et al. The two FIGO systems for normal and abnormal uterine bleeding symptoms and classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: 2018 revisions. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2018 Dec;143(3):393-408. [Erratum in: Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2019 Feb;144(2):237.]Texto completo  Resumo

31. Hoffman MK, Meilstrup JW, Shackelford DP, et al. Arteriovenous malformations of the uterus: an uncommon cause of vaginal bleeding. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1997 Dec;52(12):736-40. Resumo

32. Borges LM, Scapinelli A, de Baptista Depes D, et al. Findings in patients with postmenstrual spotting with prior cesarean section. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2010 May-Jun;17(3):361-4. Resumo

33. Morris H. Surgical pathology of the lower uterine segment caesarean section scar: is the scar a source of clinical symptoms? Int J Gynecol Pathol. 1995 Jan;14(1):16-20. Resumo

34. Chodankar R, Harpur A, Mahmood T. Heavy menstrual bleeding. Obstet Gynecol Reprod Med. 2018 Jul;28(7):196-202.

35. Kelly RW, King AE, Critchley HO. Cytokine control in human endometrium. Reproduction. 2001 Jan;121(1):3-19.Texto completo  Resumo

36. Maybin JA, Critchley HO, Jabbour HN. Inflammatory pathways in endometrial disorders. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2011 Mar 15;335(1):42-51. Resumo

37. Critchley HO, Osei J, Henderson TA, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression in human endometrium and its regulation by prostaglandin E-series prostanoid receptor 2 (EP2). Endocrinology. 2006 Feb;147(2):744-53.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Maybin JA, Murray AA, Saunders PTK, et al. Hypoxia and hypoxia inducible factor-1α are required for normal endometrial repair during menstruation. Nat Commun. 2018 Jan 23;9(1):295.Texto completo  Resumo

39. Baird DT, Cameron ST, Critchley HO, et al. Prostaglandins and menstruation. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996 Dec;70(1):15-7. Resumo

40. Goodman NF, Cobin RH, Futterweit W, et al. American Association Of Clinical Endocrinologists, American College Of Endocrinology, and Androgen Excess and PCOS Society Disease State Clinical Review: guide to the best practices in the evaluation and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome - part 1. Endocr Pract. 2015 Nov;21(11):1291-300.Texto completo  Resumo

41. Stankiewicz M, Norman R. Diagnosis and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: A practical guide. Drugs. 2006;66(7):903-12. Resumo

42. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG committee opinion no. 740: gynecologic care for adolescents and young women with eating disorders. Jun 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

43. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 705:​ mental health disorders in adolescents. Jul 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

44. Goldsammler M, Merhi Z, Buyuk E. Role of hormonal and inflammatory alterations in obesity-related reproductive dysfunction at the level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2018 May 9;16(1):45.Texto completo  Resumo

45. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG committee opinion no. 557: management of acute abnormal uterine bleeding in nonpregnant reproductive-aged women. Apr 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

46. James AH, Kouides PA, Abdul-Kadir R, et al. Von Willebrand disease and other bleeding disorders in women: consensus on diagnosis and management from an international expert panel. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Jul;201(1):12.e1-8.Texto completo  Resumo

47. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Committee opinion no. 785: screening and management of bleeding disorders in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding. Sep 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

48. Wouk N, Helton M. Abnormal uterine bleeding in premenopausal women. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Apr 1;99(7):435-43.Texto completo  Resumo

49. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 136: management of abnormal uterine bleeding associated with ovulatory dysfunction. Jul 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

50. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG clinical consensus no. 3: general approaches to medical management of menstrual suppression. Sep 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

51. Bofill Rodriguez M, Dias S, Jordan V, et al. Interventions for heavy menstrual bleeding; overview of Cochrane reviews and network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 May 31;5(5):CD013180.Texto completo  Resumo

52. James AH, Kouides PA, Abdul-Kadir R, et al. Evaluation and management of acute menorrhagia in women with and without underlying bleeding disorders: consensus from an international expert panel. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2011 Oct;158(2):124-34. Resumo

53. Hamani Y, Ben-Shachar I, Kalish Y, et al. Intrauterine balloon tamponade as a treatment for immune thrombocytopenic purpura-induced severe uterine bleeding. Fertil Steril. 2010 Dec;94(7):2769.e13-5.Texto completo  Resumo

54. Haamid F, Sass AE, Dietrich JE. Heavy menstrual bleeding in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2017 Jun;30(3):335-40. Resumo

55. O'Brien SH. Evaluation and management of heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents: the role of the hematologist. Blood. 2018 Nov 14. pii: blood-2018-05-848739.Texto completo  Resumo

56. Grivell RM, Reid KM, Mellor A. Uterine arteriovenous malformations: a review of the current literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2005 Nov;60(11):761-7. Resumo

57. Chodankar R, Critchley H. Abnormal uterine bleeding (including PALM COEIN classification). Obstet Gynaecol Reprod Med. 2019 April; 29(4):98-104.

58. Lethaby A, Hussain M, Rishworth JR, et al. Progesterone or progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Apr 30;(4):CD002126.Texto completo  Resumo

59. Mentrikoski MJ, Shah AA, Hanley KZ, et al. Assessing endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma treated with progestin therapy. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Oct;138(4):524-34.Texto completo  Resumo

60. Shulman LP, Nelson AL, Darney PD. Recent developments in hormone delivery systems. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Apr;190(4 Suppl):S39-48. Resumo

61. Grunloh DS, Casner T, Secura GM, et al. Characteristics associated with discontinuation of long-acting reversible contraception within the first 6 months of use. Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Dec;122(6):1214-21.Texto completo  Resumo

62. Albers JR, Hull SK, Wesley RM. Abnormal uterine bleeding. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Apr 15;69(8):1915-26.Texto completo  Resumo

63. Lethaby A, Irvine G, Cameron I. Cyclical progestogens for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Jan 23;(1):CD001016.Texto completo  Resumo

64. Hickey M, Higham JM, Fraser I. Progestogens with or without oestrogen for irregular uterine bleeding associated with anovulation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Sep 12;(9):CD001895.Texto completo  Resumo

65. Lethaby A, Wise MR, Weterings MA, et al. Combined hormonal contraceptives for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Feb 11;(2):CD000154.Texto completo  Resumo

66. Iyer V, Farquhar C, Jepson R. Oral contraceptive pills for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000154.Texto completo  Resumo

67. The Faculty of Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare of the Royal College of Obstetricians & Gynaecologists. UK Medical Eligibility Criteria [UMEC] for contraceptive use. September 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

68. Lethaby A, Duckitt K, Farquhar C. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jan 31;(1):CD000400.Texto completo  Resumo

69. Mendonça LL, Khamashta MA, Nelson-Piercy C, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as a possible cause for reversible infertility. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2000 Aug;39(8):880-2.Texto completo  Resumo

70. Bryant-Smith AC, Lethaby A, Farquhar C, et al. Antifibrinolytics for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Apr 15;(4):CD000249.Texto completo  Resumo

71. Stocker L, Umranikar A, Moors A, et al. An overview of hysteroscopy and hysteroscopic surgery. Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod Med. 2013 May;23(5):146-53.

72. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Fergusson RJ. Endometrial resection and ablation versus hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Feb 23;2:CD000329.Texto completo  Resumo

73. Kohn JR, Shamshirsaz AA, Popek E, et al. Pregnancy after endometrial ablation: a systematic review. BJOG. 2018 Jan;125(1):43-53.Texto completo  Resumo

74. Cooper K, Breeman S, Scott NW, et al. Laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy compared with second-generation endometrial ablation for heavy menstrual bleeding: the HEALTH RCT. Health Technol Assess. 2019 Sep;23(53):1-108.Texto completo  Resumo

75. Chodankar R, Chamberlain J, Rose K. Implications of obesity on gynaecological surgery. Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod Med. 2019 Jul;29(7):195-200​.

76. Yong PJ, Thurston J, Singh SS, et al. Guideline no. 386-gynaecologic surgery in the obese patient. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2019 Sep;41(9):1356-70.e7. Resumo

77. Matteson KA, Abed H, Wheeler TL 2nd, et al. A systematic review comparing hysterectomy with less-invasive treatments for abnormal uterine bleeding. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2012 Jan-Feb;19(1):13-28.Texto completo  Resumo

78. Gupta JK, Sinha A, Lumsden MA, et al. Uterine artery embolization for symptomatic uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Dec 26;(12):CD005073.Texto completo  Resumo

79. Bofill Rodriguez M, Lethaby A, Grigore M, et al. Endometrial resection and ablation techniques for heavy menstrual bleeding. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 22;(1):CD001501.Texto completo  Resumo

80. Electronic Medicines Compendium. Decapeptyl SR 3mg. Nov 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

81. Takeuchi H, Kobori H, Kikuchi I, et al. A prospective randomized study comparing endocrinological and clinical effects of two types of GnRH agonists in cases of uterine leiomyomas or endometriosis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2000 Oct;26(5):325-31. Resumo

82. Moroni RM, Martins WP, Ferriani RA, et al. Add-back therapy with GnRH analogues for uterine fibroids. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Mar 20;(3):CD010854.Texto completo  Resumo

83. Farland LV, Rice MS, Degnan WJ 3rd, et al. Hysterectomy with and without oophorectomy, tubal ligation, and risk of cardiovascular disease in the Nurses' Health Study II. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2023 Jul;32(7):747-56. Resumo

84. Wenger NK, Lloyd-Jones DM, Elkind MSV, et al. Call to action for cardiovascular disease in women: epidemiology, awareness, access, and delivery of equitable health care: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Jun 7;145(23):e1059-71.Texto completo  Resumo

85. O'Kelly AC, Michos ED, Shufelt CL, et al. Pregnancy and reproductive risk factors for cardiovascular disease in women. Circ Res. 2022 Feb 18;130(4):652-72.Texto completo  Resumo

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