Referências
Principais artigos
Stoltey JE, Cohen SE. Syphilis transmission: a review of the current evidence. Sex Health. 2015 Apr;12(2):103-9.Texto completo Resumo
British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis. December 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
World Health Organization. Guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis). 2016 [internet publication].Texto completo
Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, et al. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187.Texto completo Resumo
World Health Organization. WHO guideline on syphilis screening and treatment for pregnant women. 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo
Artigos de referência
1. Stoltey JE, Cohen SE. Syphilis transmission: a review of the current evidence. Sex Health. 2015 Apr;12(2):103-9.Texto completo Resumo
2. Baughn RE, Musher DM. Secondary syphilitic lesions. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005 Jan;18(1):205-16.Texto completo Resumo
3. Newman L, Kamb M, Hawkes S, et al. Global estimates of syphilis in pregnancy and associated adverse outcomes: analysis of multinational antenatal surveillance data. PLoS Med. 2013;10(2):e1001396.Texto completo Resumo
4. British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis. December 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
5. Goh BT. Syphilis in adults. Sex Transm Infect. 2005 Dec;81(6):448-52.Texto completo Resumo
6. O'Byrne P, MacPherson P. Syphilis. BMJ. 2019 Jun 28;365:l4159. [Erratum in: Syphilis. BMJ. 2019 Jul 19;366:l4746.]Texto completo Resumo
7. World Health Organization. Guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis). 2016 [internet publication].Texto completo
8. Workowski KA, Bachmann LH, Chan PA, et al. Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021. MMWR Recomm Rep. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2021 Jul 23;70(4):1-187.Texto completo Resumo
9. Ghanem KG, Ram S, Rice PA. The modern epidemic of syphilis. N Engl J Med. 2020 Feb 27;382(9):845-54. Resumo
10. World Health Organization. Report on global sexually transmitted infection surveillance, 2018. 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance, 2021. Apr 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
12. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Surveillance report: annual epidemiological report for 2018. Syphilis. July 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
13. Public Health England. Spotlight on sexually transmitted infections in London 2018 data. Aug 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo
14. Tucker JD, Cohen MS. China's syphilis epidemic: epidemiology, proximate determinants of spread, and control responses. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2011 Feb;24(1):50-5.Texto completo Resumo
15. Tucker JD, Yin YP, Wang B, et al. An expanding syphilis epidemic in China: epidemiology, behavioural risk and control strategies with a focus on low-tier female sex workers and men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2011 Dec;87(suppl 2):ii16-8.Texto completo Resumo
16. Edmondson DG, Hu B, Norris SJ. Long-term in vitro culture of the syphilis spirochete Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum. mBio. 2018 Jun 26;9(3).Texto completo Resumo
17. Lee V, Kinghorn G. Syphilis: an update. Clin Med (Lond). 2008 Jun;8(3):330-3.Texto completo Resumo
18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Transmission of primary and secondary syphilis by oral sex - Chicago, Illinois, 1998-2002. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2004 Oct 22;53(41):966-8.Texto completo Resumo
19. French P. Syphilis. BMJ. 2007;334:143-147. Resumo
20. Ropper AH. Neurosyphilis. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 3;381(14):1358-63. Resumo
21. Clark EG, Danbolt N. The Oslo study of the natural course of untreated syphilis. Med Clin North Am. 1964;48:613-21.
22. Chaudhary PM, Roninson IB. Activation of MDR1 (P-glycoprotein) gene expression in human cells by protein kinase C agonists. Oncol Res. 1992;4(7):281-90. Resumo
23. Peterman TA, Heffelfinger JD, Swint EB, et al. The changing epidemiology of syphilis. Sex Transm Dis. 2005 Oct;32(10 suppl):S4-10. Resumo
24. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak of syphilis among men who have sex with men - Southern California, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 Feb 23;50(7):117-20. Resumo
25. Janier M, Unemo M, Dupin N, et al. 2020 European guideline on the management of syphilis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2021 Mar;35(3):574-88. Resumo
26. Keuning MW, Kamp GA, Schonenberg-Meinema D, et al. Congenital syphilis, the great imitator-case report and review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020 Jul;20(7):e173-9. Resumo
27. Saloojee H, Velaphi S, Goga Y, et al. The prevention and management of congenital syphilis: an overview and recommendations. Bull World Health Organ. 2004 Jun;82(6):424-30.Texto completo Resumo
28. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Recommendations on reducing sexually transmitted infections. Jun 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
29. Holmes KK, Levine R, Weaver M. Effectiveness of condoms in preventing sexually transmitted infections. Bull World Health Organ. 2004 Jun;82(6):454-61. Resumo
30. Tobian AA, Serwadda D, Quinn TC, et al. Male circumcision for the prevention of HSV-2 and HPV infections and syphilis. N Engl J Med. 2009 Mar 26;360(13):1298-309.Texto completo Resumo
31. US Preventive Services Task Force. Syphilis infection in pregnant women: screening. Sept 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
32. Molina JM, Charreau I, Chidiac C, et al. Post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline to prevent sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men: an open-label randomised substudy of the ANRS IPERGAY trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018 Mar;18(3):308-17.Texto completo Resumo
33. Brown DL, Frank JE. Diagnosis and management of syphilis. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Jul 15;68(2):283-90. Resumo
34. Rompalo AM, Lawlor J, Seaman P, et al. Modification of syphilitic genital ulcer manifestations by coexistent HIV infection. Sex Transm Dis. 2001 Aug;28(8):448-54.Texto completo Resumo
35. Lafond RE, Lukehart SA. Biological basis for syphilis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jan;19(1):29-49.Texto completo Resumo
36. Tucker JD, Li JZ, Robbins GK, et al. Ocular syphilis among HIV-infected patients: a systematic analysis of the literature. Sex Trans Infect. 2011 Feb;87(1):4-8. Resumo
37. Rottingen JA, Cameron DW, Garnett GP. A systematic review of the epidemiologic interactions between classic sexually transmitted diseases and HIV: how much is really known? Sex Transm Dis. 2001 Oct;28(10):579-97. Resumo
38. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease (STDs): syphilis & MSM fact sheet. 22 July 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
39. Fojaco RM, Hensley GT, Moskowitz L. Congenital syphilis and necrotizing funisitis. JAMA. 1989 Mar 24-31;261(12):1788-90. Resumo
40. Hammerschlag MR, Guillén CD. Medical and legal implications of testing for sexually transmitted infections in children. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2010 Jul;23(3):493-506.Texto completo Resumo
41. Wheeler HL, Agarwal S, Goh BT. Dark ground microscopy and treponemal serological tests in the diagnosis of early syphilis. Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Oct;80(5):411-4. Resumo
42. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted diseases: syphilis. CDC fact sheet (detailed). 10 August 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
43. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Discordant results from reverse sequence syphilis screening - five laboratories, United States, 2006-2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 Feb 11;60(5):133-7.Texto completo Resumo
44. Park IU, Fakile YF, Chow JM, et al. Performance of treponemal tests for the diagnosis of syphilis. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):913-18.Texto completo Resumo
45. Pope V. Use of treponemal tests to screen for syphilis. Infect Med. 2004;21:399-402.
46. Seña AC, Wolff M, Behets F, et al. Rate of decline in nontreponemal antibody titers and seroreversion after freatment of early Syphilis. Sex Transm Dis. 2017 Jan;44(1):6-10.Texto completo Resumo
47. US Food and Drug Administration. Possible false RPR reactivity with BioPlex 2200 Syphilis Total & RPR test kit following a COVID-19 vaccine - letter to clinical laboratory staff and health care providers. Dec 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
48. Smith G, Holman RP. The prozone phenomenon with syphilis and HIV-1 co-infection. South Med J. 2004 Apr;97(4):379-82. Resumo
49. Kingston AA, Vujevich J, Shapiro M, et al. Seronegative secondary syphilis in 2 patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus. Arch Dermatol. 2005 Apr;141(4):431-3. Resumo
50. British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). United Kingdom national guideline on the management of sexually transmitted infections and related conditions in children and young people - 2021. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
51. Lam TK, Lau HY, Lee YP, et al. Comparative evaluation of the INNO-LIA syphilis score and the MarDx Treponema pallidum immunoglobulin G Marblot test assays for the serological diagnosis of syphilis. Int J STD AIDS. 2010 Feb;21(2):110-3. Resumo
52. Hagedorn HJ, Kraminer-Hagedorn A, de Bosschere K, et al. Evaluation of INNO-LIA syphilis assay as a confirmatory test for syphilis. J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Mar;40(3):973-8.Texto completo Resumo
53. Gayet-Ageron A, Lautenschlager S, Ninet B, et al. Sensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios of PCR in the diagnosis of syphilis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Transm Infect. 2013 May;89(3):251-6. Resumo
54. Gayet-Ageron A, Sednaoui P, Lautenschlager S, et al. Use of Treponema pallidum PCR in testing of ulcers for diagnosis of primary syphilis. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015 Jan;21(1):127-9.Texto completo Resumo
55. Shahrook S, Mori R, Ochirbat T, et al. Strategies of testing for syphilis during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Oct 29;(10):CD010385.Texto completo Resumo
56. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). Guidance on syphilis testing in Latin America and the Caribbean: improving uptake, interpretation, and quality of testing in different clinical settings. 2015. 2015 [internet publication].Texto completo
57. Luger AF, Schmidt BL, Kaulich M. Significance of laboratory findings for the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. Int J STD AIDS. 2000 Apr;11(4):224-34. Resumo
58. Lavi R, Yarnitsky D, Rowe JM, et al. Standard vs atraumatic Whitacre needle for diagnostic lumbar puncture: a randomized trial. Neurology. 2006 Oct 24;67(8):1492-4. Resumo
59. Arendt K, Demaerschalk BM, Wingerchuk DM, Camann W. Atraumatic lumbar puncture needles: after all these years, are we still missing the point? Neurologist. 2009 Jan;15(1):17-20. Resumo
60. Nath S, Koziarz A, Badhiwala JH, et al. Atraumatic versus conventional lumbar puncture needles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Mar 24;391(10126):1197-204. Resumo
61. Rochwerg B, Almenawer SA, Siemieniuk RAC, et al. Atraumatic (pencil-point) versus conventional needles for lumbar puncture: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2018 May 22;361:k1920.Texto completo Resumo
62. Ahmed SV, Jayawarna C, Jude E. Post lumbar puncture headache: diagnosis and management. Postgrad Med J. 2006 Nov;82(973):713-6.Texto completo Resumo
63. Arevalo-Rodriguez I, Ciapponi A, Roqué i Figuls M, et al. Posture and fluids for preventing post-dural puncture headache. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 7;(3):CD009199.Texto completo Resumo
64. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Antenatal care. 19 August 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
65. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 752: prenatal and perinatal human immunodeficiency virus testing. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Sep;132(3):e138-42.Texto completo Resumo
66. Hollier LM, Harstad TW, Sanchez PJ, et al. Fetal syphilis: clinical and laboratory characteristics. Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Jun;97(6):947-53. Resumo
67. Arnesen L, Serruya S, Duran P. Gestational syphilis and stillbirth in the Americas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2015 Jun;37(6):422-9.Texto completo Resumo
68. Cole M, Perry K. MHRA 04109: ten syphilis EIAs. UK: HSMO; 2004.
69. Creegan L, Bauer HM, Samuel MC, et al. An evaluation of the relative sensitivities of the venereal disease research laboratory test and the Treponema Pallidum particle agglutination test among patients diagnosed with primary syphilis. Sex Transm Dis. 2007 Dec;34(12):1016-18. Resumo
70. Manavi K, Young H, McMillan A. The sensitivity of syphilis assays in detecting different stages of early syphilis. Int J STD AIDS. 2006 Nov;17(11):768-71. Resumo
71. Cantor A, Nelson HD, Daeges M, et al. Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant adolescents and adults: systematic review to update the 2004 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation [Internet]. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2016 Jun. Report No: 14-05213-EF-1.Texto completo Resumo
72. Lewis DA. Chancroid: clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management. Sex Transm Infect. 2003 Feb;79(1):68-71.Texto completo Resumo
73. Patterson K, Olsen B, Thomas C, et al. Development of a rapid immunodiagnostic test for Haemophilus ducreyi. J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Oct;40(10):3694-702.Texto completo Resumo
74. US Preventive Services Task Force. Syphilis infection in nonpregnant adults and adolescents: screening. Sep 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
75. World Health Organization. WHO guideline on syphilis screening and treatment for pregnant women. 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo
76. World Health Organization. Screening donated blood for transfusion-transmissible infections: recommendations. 2009 [internet publication].Texto completo Resumo
77. Tucker JD, Bu J, Brown LB, et al. Accelerating worldwide syphilis screening through rapid testing: a systematic review. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010 Jun;10(6):381-6. Resumo
78. World Health Organization. The use of rapid syphilis tests. 2006 [internet publication].Texto completo
79. Young H. Guidelines for serological testing for syphilis. Sex Transm Infect. 2000 Oct;76(5):403-5. Resumo
80. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for partner services programs for HIV infection, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydial infection. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008 Nov 7;57(RR-9):1-83;quiz CE1-4.Texto completo Resumo
81. World Health Organization. WHO guideline on self-care interventions for health and well-being, 2022 revision. Jun 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
82. Lin JS, Eder ML, Bean SI. Screening for syphilis infection in pregnant women: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2018 Sep 4;320(9):918-25.Texto completo Resumo
83. World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research. The global elimination of congenital syphilis: rationale and strategy for action. 2007 [internet publication].Texto completo
84. Menezes EV, Yakoob MY, Soomro T, et al. Reducing stillbirths: prevention and management of medical disorders and infections during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2009 May 7;9(suppl 1):S4.Texto completo Resumo
85. Hawkes SJ, Gomez GB, Broutet N. Early antenatal care: does it make a difference to outcomes of pregnancy associated with syphilis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56713.Texto completo Resumo
86. Blencowe H, Cousens S, Kamb M, et al. Lives Saved Tool supplement detection and treatment of syphilis in pregnancy to reduce syphilis related stillbirths and neonatal mortality. BMC Public Health. 2011 Apr 13;11(suppl 3):S9.Texto completo Resumo
87. Chen XS, Peeling RW, Yin YP, Mabey D. Improving antenatal care to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by syphilis. Future Microbiol. 2011 Oct;6(10):1131-4. Resumo
88. Hawkes S, Matin N, Broutet N, et al. Effectiveness of interventions to improve screening for syphilis in pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011 Sep;11(9):684-91. Resumo
89. Munkhuu B, Liabsuetrakul T, Chongsuvivatwong V, et al. One-stop service for antenatal syphilis screening and prevention of congenital syphilis in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: a cluster randomized trial. Sex Transm Dis. 2009 Nov;36(11):714-20. Resumo
90. Stoner BP. Current controversies in the management of adult syphilis. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Apr 1;44(suppl 3):S130-46.Texto completo Resumo
91. Parkes R, Renton A, Meheus A, et al. Review of current evidence and comparison for effective syphilis treatment in Europe. Int J STD AIDS. 2004 Feb;15(2):73-88. Resumo
92. Hook EW 3rd, Martin DH, Stephens J, et al. A randomized, comparative pilot study of azithromycin versus benzathine penicillin G for treatment of early syphilis. Sex Transm Dis. 2002 Aug;29(8):486-90. Resumo
93. Riedner G, Rusizoka M, Todd J, et al. Single-dose azithromycin versus penicillin G benzathine for the treatment of early syphilis. N Engl J Med. 2005 Sep 22;353(12):1236-44.Texto completo Resumo
94. Lukehart SA, Godornes C, Molini BJ, et al. Macrolide resistance in Treponema pallidum in the United States and Ireland. N Engl J Med. 2004 Jul 8;351(2):154-8.Texto completo Resumo
95. Ansotegui IJ, Melioli G, Canonica GW, et al. IgE allergy diagnostics and other relevant tests in allergy, a World Allergy Organization position paper. World Allergy Organ J. 2020 Feb;13(2):100080.Texto completo Resumo
96. Chastain DB, Hutzley VJ, Parekh J, et al. Antimicrobial desensitization: a review of published protocols. Pharmacy (Basel). 2019 Aug 9;7(3):112.Texto completo Resumo
97. Walker GJ, Walker D, Molano Franco D, et al. Antibiotic treatment for newborns with congenital syphilis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Feb 15;(2):CD012071.Texto completo Resumo
98. Liang Z, Chen YP, Yang CS, et al. Meta-analysis of ceftriaxone compared with penicillin for the treatment of syphilis. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2016 Jan;47(1):6-11. Resumo
99. Liu HY, Han Y, Chen XS, et al. Comparison of efficacy of treatments for early syphilis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 28;12(6):e0180001.Texto completo Resumo
100. Ng BE, Butler LM, Horvath T, et al. Population-based biomedical sexually transmitted infection control interventions for reducing HIV infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Mar 16;(3):CD001220.Texto completo Resumo
101. de Walque D, Dow WH, Nathan R, et al. Incentivising safe sex: a randomised trial of conditional cash transfers for HIV and sexually transmitted infection prevention in rural Tanzania. BMJ Open. 2012 Feb 8;2(1):e000747.Texto completo Resumo
O uso deste conteúdo está sujeito ao nosso aviso legal