Superdosagem de opioides

World Health Organization. Community management of opioid overdose. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.Texto completo  Resumo

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Evidence-based strategies for preventing opioid overdose: what’s working in the United States. 22 October 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

Dezfulian C, Orkin AM, Maron BA, et al. Opioid-associated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: distinctive clinical features and implications for health care and public responses: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Apr 20;143(16):e836-70.Texto completo  Resumo

Williams K, Lang ES, Panchal AR, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for EMS administration of naloxone. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2019 Nov-Dec;23(6):749-63.Texto completo  Resumo

1. World Health Organization. Opioid overdose. 4 August 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

2. Office for National Statistics. Census 2021 - Deaths related to drug poisoning in England and Wales: 2020 registrations. 3 August 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Opioid overdose: understanding the epidemic. 17 March 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

4. Drug Abuse Warning Network. The DAWN report: highlights of the 2011 Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) findings on drug-related emergency department visits. February 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

5. Paulozzi LJ, Budnitz DS, Xi Y. Increasing deaths from opioid analgesics in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2006 Sep;15(9):618-27. Resumo

6. Seth P, Scholl L, Rudd RA, et al. Overdose deaths involving opioids, cocaine, and psychostimulants - United States, 2015-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Mar 30;67(12):349-58.Texto completo  Resumo

7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Rising numbers of deaths involving fentanyl and fentanyl analogs, including carfentanil, and increased usage and mixing with non-opioids. HAN no. 413. July 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

8. Kariisa M, Patel P, Smith H, et al. Notes from the Field: xylazine detection and involvement in drug overdose deaths - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021 Sep 17;70(37):1300-2.Texto completo  Resumo

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11. Maxwell S, Bigg D, Stanczykiewicz K, et al. Prescribing naloxone to actively injecting heroin users: a program to reduce heroin overdose deaths. J Addict Dis. 2006;25(3):89-96. Resumo

12. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). Opioid overdose prevention toolkit. June 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

13. World Health Organization. Community management of opioid overdose. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. Evidence-based strategies for preventing opioid overdose: what’s working in the United States. 22 October 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

15. US Department of Health and Human Services. Naloxone: the opioid reversal drug that saves lives. How healthcare providers and patients can better utilize this life-saving drug. December 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

16. Public Health England. Widening the availability of naloxone. 18 February 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

17. Dowell D, Haegerich TM, Chou R. CDC guideline for prescribing opioids for chronic pain - United States, 2016. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016 Mar 18;65(1):1-49.Texto completo  Resumo

18. Babu KM, Brent J, Juurlink DN. Prevention of opioid overdose. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jun 6;380(23):2246-55.Texto completo  Resumo

19. Sharma V, Simpson SH, Samanani S, et al. Concurrent use of opioids and benzodiazepines/Z-drugs in Alberta, Canada and the risk of hospitalisation and death: a case cross-over study. BMJ Open. 2020 Nov 20;10(11):e038692.Texto completo  Resumo

20. Chang AK, Bijur PE, Esses D, et al. Effect of a single dose of oral opioid and nonopioid analgesics on acute extremity pain in the emergency department: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2017 Nov 7;318(17):1661-7. Resumo

21. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Serious and fatal overdose of fentanyl patches. 11 December 2014 [internet publication].Texto completo

22. US Food and Drug Administration. Accidental exposures to fentanyl patches continue to be deadly to children. 21 July 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

23. Dezfulian C, Orkin AM, Maron BA, et al. Opioid-associated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: distinctive clinical features and implications for health care and public responses: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Apr 20;143(16):e836-70.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Resuscitation Council UK. 2021 resuscitation guidelines. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

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29. Williams K, Lang ES, Panchal AR, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for EMS administration of naloxone. Prehosp Emerg Care. 2019 Nov-Dec;23(6):749-63.Texto completo  Resumo

30. American Heart Association. 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020 Oct 20;142(16_suppl_2):S366-604.Texto completo

31. Boyer EW. Management of opioid analgesic overdose. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jul 12;367(2):146-55.Texto completo  Resumo

32. Mills CA, Flacke JW, Flacke WE, et al. Narcotic reversal in hypercapnic dogs: comparison of naloxone and nalbuphine. Can J Anaesth. 1990 Mar;37(2):238-44. Resumo

33. Mills CA, Flacke JW, Miller JD, et al. Cardiovascular effects of fentanyl reversal by naloxone at varying arterial carbon dioxide tensions in dogs. Anesth Analg. 1988 Aug;67(8):730-6. Resumo

34. Thadani PV. NIDA conference report on cardiopulmonary complications of "crack" cocaine use. Clinical manifestations and pathophysiology. Chest. 1996 Oct;110(4):1072-6. Resumo

35. Ware LB, Matthay MA. The acute respiratory distress syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2000 May 4;342(18):1334-49. Resumo

36. Kerr D, Kelly AM, Dietze P, et al. Randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of intranasal and intramuscular naloxone for the treatment of suspected heroin overdose. Addiction. 2009 Dec;104(12):2067-74. Resumo

37. Chou R, Korthuis PT, McCarty D, et al. Management of suspected opioid overdose with naloxone in out-of-hospital settings: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Dec 19;167(12):867-75.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Dietze P, Jauncey M, Salmon A, et al. Effect of intranasal vs intramuscular naloxone on opioid overdose: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2019 Nov 1;2(11):e1914977.Texto completo  Resumo

39. Sutter ME, Gerona RR, Davis MT, et al. Fatal fentanyl: one pill can kill. Acad Emerg Med. 2017 Jan;24(1):106-13.Texto completo  Resumo

40. Rogers JS, Rehrer SJ, Hoot NR. Acetylfentanyl: an emerging drug of abuse. J Emerg Med. 2016 Mar;50(3):433-6. Resumo

41. Howland MAH. Antidotes in depth opioid antagonists. In: Goldfrank LR, Flomenbaum NE, Lewin NA, et al, eds. Goldfrank's toxicological emergencies. 8th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006:614-7.

42. van Dorp E, Yassen A, Sarton E, et al. Naloxone reversal of buprenorphine-induced respiratory depression. Anesthesiology. 2006 Jul;105(1):51-7. Resumo

43. Gal TJ. Naloxone reversal of buprenorphine-induced respiratory depression. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1989 Jan;45(1):66-71. Resumo

44. Wong S, Ordean A, Kahan M; Working Group on Problematic Substance Use in Pregnancy. Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada clinical practice guideline: substance use in pregnancy. April 2011 [internet publication].Texto completo

45. O'Driscoll BR, Howard LS, Earis J, et al; British Thoracic Society Emergency Oxygen Guideline Group; BTS Emergency Oxygen Guideline Development Group. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. Thorax. 2017 Jun;72(suppl 1):ii1-ii90.Texto completo  Resumo

46. Purdue Pharma. FDA approves nalmefene HCl injection, 2mg/2mL (1mg/1mL) for the treatment of known or suspected opioid overdose with natural or synthetic opioids. 23 February 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

47. Olfson M, Crystal S, Wall M, et al. Causes of death after nonfatal opioid overdose. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018 Aug 1;75(8):820-7.Texto completo  Resumo