Miocardite

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Law YM, Lal AK, Chen S, et al. Diagnosis and management of myocarditis in children: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Aug 10;144(6):e123-35.Texto completo  Resumo

Bozkurt B, Colvin M, Cook J, et al. Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for specific dilated cardiomyopathies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Nov 3;134(23):e579-646.Texto completo  Resumo

Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 May 3;145(18):e895-1032.Texto completo  Resumo

Aretz HT, Billingham ME, Edwards WD, et al. Myocarditis. A histopathologic definition and classification. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol. 1987 Jan;1(1):3-14. Resumo

1. Tschöpe C, Ammirati E, Bozkurt B, et al. Myocarditis and inflammatory cardiomyopathy: current evidence and future directions. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2021 Mar;18(3):169-93.Texto completo  Resumo

2. Lieberman EB, Hershkowitz A, Rose NR, et al. A clinicopathologic description of myocarditis. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993 Aug;68(2):191-6. Resumo

3. Magnani JW, Suk-Danik HJ, Dec GW Jr, et al. Survival in biopsy-proven myocarditis: a long-term retrospective analysis of the histopathologic, clinical, and hemodynamic predictors. Am Heart J. 2006 Feb;151(2):463-70. Resumo

4. Dec GW. Introduction to clinical myocarditis. In: Cooper LT, ed. Myocarditis: from bench to bedside. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 2003:257-81.

5. Caforio AL, Pankuweit S, Arbustini E, et al. Current state of knowledge on aetiology, diagnosis, management, and therapy of myocarditis: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology working group on myocardial and pericardial diseases. Eur Heart J. 2013 Sep;34(33):2636-48.Texto completo  Resumo

6. Carrillo-Salinas FJ, Ngwenyama N, Anastasiou M, et al. Heart inflammation: immune cell roles and roads to the heart. Am J Pathol. 2019 Aug;189(8):1482-94.Texto completo  Resumo

7. Whitton JL, Feuer R. Myocarditis, microbes and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity. 2004 Aug;37(5):375-86. Resumo

8. Rassi A Jr, Rassi A, Little WC. Chagas' heart disease. Clin Cardiol. 2000 Dec;23(12):883-99. Resumo

9. Rosenstein ED, Zucker MJ, Kramer N. Giant cell myocarditis: most fatal of autoimmune diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Aug;30(1):1-16. Resumo

10. Shih JA, Shih JA. Small steps for idiopathic giant cell myocarditis. Curr Heart Fail Rep. 2015 Jun;12(3):263-8. Resumo

11. Taliercio CP, Olney BA, Lie JT. Myocarditis related to drug hypersensitivity. Mayo Clin Proc. 1985 Jul;60(7):463-8. Resumo

12. Fenoglio JJ Jr, McAllister HA Jr, Mullick FG. Drug related myocarditis. I. Hypersensitivity myocarditis. Hum Pathol. 1981 Oct;12(10):900-7. Resumo

13. Peretto G, Sala S, Carturan E, et al. Clinical profiling and outcomes of viral myocarditis manifesting with ventricular arrhythmias. Eur Heart J Open. 2023 Dec 5;3(6):oead132.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Ekström K, Lehtonen J, Kandolin R, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in giant cell myocarditis. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2016 Dec;9(12):e004559.Texto completo  Resumo

15. Law YM, Lal AK, Chen S, et al. Diagnosis and management of myocarditis in children: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Aug 10;144(6):e123-35.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, et al. 2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2021 Nov 30;144(22):e368-454.Texto completo  Resumo

17. Dec GW Jr, Waldman H, Southern J, et al. Viral myocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992 Jul;20(1):85-9. Resumo

18. Maron BJ, Doerer JJ, Haas TS, et al. Sudden deaths in young competitive athletes: analysis of 1866 deaths in the United States, 1980-2006. Circulation. 2009 Mar 3;119(8):1085-92.Texto completo  Resumo

19. Blankenhorn MA, Gall EA. Myocarditis and myocardosis; a clinicopathologic appraisal. Circulation. 1956 Feb;13(2):217-23. Resumo

20. Doolan A, Langlois N, Semsarian C. Causes of sudden cardiac death in young Australians. Med J Aust. 2004 Feb 2;180(3):110-2.Texto completo  Resumo

21. Zeppenfeld K, Tfelt-Hansen J, de Riva M, et al. 2022 ESC Guidelines for the management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death. Eur Heart J. 2022 Oct 21;43(40):3997-4126.Texto completo  Resumo

22. Felker GM, Hu W, Hare JM, et al. The spectrum of dilated cardiomyopathy. The Johns Hopkins experience with 1,278 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 1999 Jul;78(4):270-83. Resumo

23. Arola A, Pikkarainen E, Sipilä JO, et al. Occurrence and features of childhood myocarditis: a nationwide study in Finland. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Nov 18;6(11):e005306.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Butts RJ, Boyle GJ, Deshpande SR, et al. Characteristics of clinically diagnosed pediatric myocarditis in a contemporary multi-center cohort. Pediatr Cardiol. 2017 Aug;38(6):1175-82. Resumo

25. Schultz JC, Hilliard AA, Cooper LT Jr, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of viral myocarditis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009 Nov;84(11):1001-9. Resumo

26. Caforio ALP, Adler Y, Agostini C, et al. Diagnosis and management of myocardial involvement in systemic immune-mediated diseases: a position statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Disease. Eur Heart J. 2017 Sep 14;38(35):2649-62.Texto completo  Resumo

27. Patone M, Mei XW, Handunnetthi L, et al. Risks of myocarditis, pericarditis, and cardiac arrhythmias associated with COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat Med. 2022 Feb;28(2):410-22.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Daniels CJ, Rajpal S, Greenshields JT, et al. Prevalence of cinical and subclinical myocarditis in competitive athletes with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection: results from the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry. JAMA Cardiol. 2021 Sep 1;6(9):1078-87.Texto completo  Resumo

29. Khalil A, Naneishvili T, Prasad N, et al. SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis: what physicians need to know. BMJ Evid Based Med. 2022 Apr;27(2):77-8.Texto completo  Resumo

30. Truong DT, Dionne A, Muniz JC, et al. Clinically suspected myocarditis temporally related to COVID-19 vaccination in adolescents and young adults: suspected myocarditis after COVID-19 vaccination. Circulation. 2022 Feb;145(5):345-56.Texto completo  Resumo

31. Oster ME, Shay DK, Su JR, et al. Myocarditis cases reported after mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in the US from December 2020 to August 2021. JAMA. 2022 Jan 25;327(4):331-40.Texto completo  Resumo

32. Lyon AR, López-Fernández T, Couch LS, et al. 2022 ESC Guidelines on cardio-oncology developed in collaboration with the European Hematology Association (EHA), the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ESTRO) and the International Cardio-Oncology Society (IC-OS). Eur Heart J. 2022 Nov 1;43(41):4229-361.Texto completo  Resumo

33. Basso C. Myocarditis. N Engl J Med. 2022 Oct 20;387(16):1488-500. Resumo

34. Ling RR, Ramanathan K, Tan FL, et al. Myopericarditis following COVID-19 vaccination and non-COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med. 2022 Jul;10(7):679-88.Texto completo  Resumo

35. Naqash AR, Moey MYY, Cherie Tan XW, et al. Major adverse cardiac events with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pooled analysis of trials sponsored by the National Cancer Institute-cancer therapy evaluation program. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Oct 10;40(29):3439-52.Texto completo  Resumo

36. Liu PP, Mason JW. Advances in the understanding of myocarditis. Circulation. 2001 Aug 28;104(9):1076-82.Texto completo  Resumo

37. Belkaya S, Kontorovich AR, Byun M, et al. Autosomal recessive cardiomyopathy presenting as acute myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Apr 4;69(13):1653-65.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Brown EE, McMilllan KN, Halushka MK, et al. Genetic aetiologies should be considered in paediatric cases of acute heart failure presumed to be myocarditis. Cardiol Young. 2019 Jul;29(7):917-21. Resumo

39. Kontorovich AR, Patel N, Moscati A, et al. Myopathic cardiac genotypes increase risk for myocarditis. JACC Basic Transl Sci. 2021 Jul;6(7):584-92.Texto completo  Resumo

40. Martens CR, Accornero F. Viruses in the heart: direct and indirect routes to myocarditis and heart failure. Viruses. 2021 Sep 24;13(10):1924.Texto completo  Resumo

41. Maisch B. Cardio-immunology of myocarditis: focus on immune mechanisms and treatment options. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019 Apr 12;6:48.Texto completo  Resumo

42. Kawai C. From myocarditis to cardiomyopathy: mechanisms of inflammation and cell death: learning from the past for the future. Circulation. 1999 Mar 2;99(8):1091-100.Texto completo  Resumo

43. Feldman AM, McNamara D. Myocarditis. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 9;343(19):1388-98. Resumo

44. Kaya Z, Afanasyeva M, Wang Y, et al. Contributions of the innate immune system to autoimmune myocarditis: a role for complement. Nat Immunol. 2001 Aug;2(8):739-45. Resumo

45. Baboonian C, Treasure T. Meta-analysis of the association of enteroviruses with human heart disease. Heart. 1997 Dec;78(6):539-43. Resumo

46. Hofman P, Drici MD, Gibelin P, et al. Prevalence of toxoplasma myocarditis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Br Heart J. 1993 Oct;70(4):376-81. Resumo

47. Barbaro G, Di Lorenzo G, Grisorio B, et al. Incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy and detection of HIV in myocardial cells of HIV-positive patients. Grupo Italiano per lo Studio Cardiologico dei Pazienti Affetti da AIDS. N Engl J Med. 1998 Oct 15;339(16):1093-9. Resumo

48. Frustaci A, Gentiloni N, Caldarulo M. Acute myocarditis and left ventricular aneurysm as presentations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Chest. 1996 Jan;109(1):282-4. Resumo

49. Clemson BS, Miller WR, Luck JC, et al. Acute myocarditis in fulminant systemic sclerosis. Chest. 1992 Mar;101(3):872-4. Resumo

50. Okura Y, Dec GW, Hare JM, et al. A clinical and histopathologic comparison of cardiac sarcoidosis and idiopathic giant cell myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Jan 15;41(2):322-9. Resumo

51. Pinney SP, Mancini DM. Myocarditis and specific cardiomyopathies - endocrine disease and alcohol. In: Fuster V, Alexander RW, O'Rourke FA, eds. Hurst's the heart, 11th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2004:1949-74.

52. Halsell JS, Riddle JR, Atwood JE, et al. Myopericarditis following smallpox vaccination among vaccinia-naive US military personnel. JAMA. 2003 Jun 25;289(24):3283-9.Texto completo  Resumo

53. Burke AP, Saenger J, Mullick R, et al. Hypersensitivity myocarditis. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1991 Aug;115(8):764-9. Resumo

54. Ansari A, Maron BJ, Berntson DG. Drug-induced toxic myocarditis. Tex Heart Inst J. 2003;30(1):76-9.Texto completo  Resumo

55. Bozkurt B, Colvin M, Cook J, et al. Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for specific dilated cardiomyopathies: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016 Nov 3;134(23):e579-646.Texto completo  Resumo

56. Expert Panel on Cardiac Imaging, Rajiah P, Kirsch J, Bolen MA, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Nonischemic myocardial disease with clinical manifestations (ischemic cardiomyopathy already excluded). J Am Coll Radiol. 2021 May;18(5S):S83-105.Texto completo  Resumo

57. Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 May 3;145(18):e895-1032.Texto completo  Resumo

58. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo  Resumo

59. Seferović PM, Tsutsui H, McNamara DM, et al. Heart Failure Association of the ESC, Heart Failure Society of America and Japanese Heart Failure Society position statement on endomyocardial biopsy. Eur J Heart Fail. 2021 Jun;23(6):854-71.Texto completo  Resumo

60. Friedrich MG, Strohm O, Schulz-Menger, et al. Contrast media-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging visualizes myocardial changes in the course of viral myocarditis. Circulation. 1998 May 12;97(18):1802-9.Texto completo  Resumo

61. Ichikawa R, Sumitomo N, Komori A, et al. The follow-up evaluation of electrocardiogram and arrhythmias in children with fulminant myocarditis. Circ J. 2011;75(4):932-8.Texto completo  Resumo

62. Skouri HN, Dec GW, Friedrich MG, et al. Noninvasive imaging in myocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Nov 21;48(10):2085-93.Texto completo  Resumo

63. Cooper LT, Baughman KL, Feldman AM, et al. The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the management of cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology. Circulation. 2007 Nov 6;116(19):2216-33.Texto completo  Resumo

64. Ammirati E, Frigerio M, Adler ED, et al. Management of acute myocarditis and chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy: an expert consensus document. Circ Heart Fail. 2020 Nov;13(11):e007405.Texto completo  Resumo

65. Bowles NE, Ni J, Kearney DL, et al. Detection of viruses in myocardial tissues by polymerase chain reaction. evidence of adenovirus as a common cause of myocarditis in children and adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Aug 6;42(3):466-72.Texto completo  Resumo

66. Mahrholdt H, Wagner A, Deluigi CC, et al. Presentation, patterns of myocardial damage, and clinical course of viral myocarditis. Circulation. 2006 Oct 10;114(15):1581-90.Texto completo  Resumo

67. Ferreira VM, Schulz-Menger J, Holmvang G, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance in nonischemic myocardial inflammation: expert recommendations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Dec 18;72(24):3158-76.Texto completo  Resumo

68. Chen W, Jeudy J. Assessment of myocarditis: cardiac MR, PET/CT, or PET/MR? Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Jun 26;21(8):76. Resumo

69. Mahrholdt H, Goedecke C, Wagner A, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of human myocarditis: a comparison to histology and molecular pathology. Circulation. 2004 Mar 16;109(10):1250-8.Texto completo  Resumo

70. Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, et al. Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr 13;342(15):1077-84. Resumo

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72. Aretz HT, Billingham ME, Edwards WD, et al. Myocarditis. A histopathologic definition and classification. Am J Cardiovasc Pathol. 1987 Jan;1(1):3-14. Resumo

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75. Howlett JG, McKelvie RS, Arnold JM, et al. Canadian Cardiovascular Society Consensus Conference guidelines on heart failure, update 2009: diagnosis and management of right-sided heart failure, myocarditis, device therapy and recent important clinical trials. Can J Cardiol. 2009 Feb;25(2):85-105.Texto completo  Resumo

76. Bogle C, Colan SD, Miyamoto SD, et al. Treatment strategies for cardiomyopathy in children: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023 Jul 11;148(2):174-95.Texto completo  Resumo

77. Mills RM, Hobbs RE. Drug treatment of patients with decompensated heart failure. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs. 2001;1(2):119-25. Resumo

78. Farrar DJ, Holman WR, McBride LR, et al. Long-term follow-up of Thoratec ventricular assist device bridge-to-recovery patients successfully removed from support after recovery of ventricular function. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002 May;21(5):516-21. Resumo

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83. Long Q, Li L, Yang H, et al. SGLT2 inhibitor, canagliflozin, ameliorates cardiac inflammation in experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Sep;110:109024.Texto completo  Resumo

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89. McNamara DM, Holubkov R, Starling RC, et al. Controlled trial of intravenous immune globulin in recent-onset dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2001 May 8;103(18):2254-9.Texto completo  Resumo

90. Robinson J, Hartling L, Vandermeer B, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin for presumed viral myocarditis in children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Aug 19;8:CD004370.Texto completo  Resumo

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92. Chen HS, Wang W, Wu SN, et al. Corticosteroids for viral myocarditis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Oct 18;(10):CD004471.Texto completo  Resumo

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112. Kühl U, Pauschinger M, Seeberg B, et al. Viral persistence in the myocardium is associated with progressive cardiac dysfunction. Circulation. 2005 Sep 27;112(13):1965-70.Texto completo  Resumo

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