Nefrolitíase

Khan SR, Pearle MS, Robertson WG, et al. Kidney stones. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Feb 25;2:16008.Texto completo  Resumo

Pearle MS, Calhoun EA, Curhan GC. Urologic diseases in America project: urolithiasis. J Urol. 2005 Mar;173(3):848-57. Resumo

Moore CL, Daniels B, Ghita M, et al. Accuracy of reduced-dose computed tomography for ureteral stones in emergency department patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Feb;65(2):189-98.e2. Resumo

Assimos D, Krambeck A, Miller NL, et al. Surgical management of stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline. 2016 [internet publication].Texto completo  Resumo

Pearle MS, Goldfarb DS, Assimos DG, et al. Medical management of kidney stones: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2014 Aug;192(2):316-24.Texto completo  Resumo

1. Khan SR, Pearle MS, Robertson WG, et al. Kidney stones. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2016 Feb 25;2:16008.Texto completo  Resumo

2. Scales CD Jr, Smith AC, Hanley JM, et al. Prevalence of kidney stones in the United States. Eur Urol. 2012 Jul;62(1):160-5.Texto completo  Resumo

3. Sorokin I, Mamoulakis C, Miyazawa K, et al. Epidemiology of stone disease across the world. World J Urol. 2017 Sep;35(9):1301-20. Resumo

4. Liu Y, Chen Y, Liao B, et al. Epidemiology of urolithiasis in Asia. Asian J Urol. 2018 Oct;5(4):205-14.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Tasian GE, Ross ME, Song L, et al. Annual incidence of nephrolithiasis among children and adults in South Carolina from 1997 to 2012. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Mar 7;11(3):488-96.Texto completo  Resumo

6. Romero V, Akpinar H, Assimos DG. Kidney stones: a global picture of prevalence, incidence, and associated risk factors. Rev Urol. 2010 Spring;12(2-3):e86-96. Resumo

7. Fakheri RJ, Goldfarb DS. Ambient temperature as a contributor to kidney stone formation: implications of global warming. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1178-85.Texto completo  Resumo

8. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, et al. Body size and risk of kidney stones. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Sep;9(9):1645-52.Texto completo  Resumo

9. Taylor EN, Stampfer MJ, Curhan GC. Obesity, weight gain, and the risk of kidney stones. JAMA. 2005 Jan 26;293(4):455-62.Texto completo  Resumo

10. Aune D, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Norat T, et al. Body fatness, diabetes, physical activity and risk of kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Eur J Epidemiol. 2018 Nov;33(11):1033-47.Texto completo  Resumo

11. Worcester EM. Inhibitors of stone formation. Semin Nephrol. 1996;16:474-486. Resumo

12. Evan AP, Lingeman JE, Coe FL, et al. Randall's plaque of patients with nephrolithiasis begins in basement membranes of thin loops of Henle. J Clin Invest. 2003;111:607-616.Texto completo  Resumo

13. Shokeir AA. Renal colic: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Eur Urol. 2001 Mar;39(3):241-9.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Jung H, Andonian S, Assimos D, et al. Urolithiasis: evaluation, dietary factors, and medical management: an update of the 2014 SIU-ICUD international consultation on stone disease. World J Urol. 2017 Sep;35(9):1331-40.Texto completo  Resumo

15. Sakhaee K, Harvey JA, Padalino PK, et al. The potential role of salt abuse on the risk for kidney stone formation. J Urol. 1993 Aug;150(2 pt 1):310-2.Texto completo  Resumo

16. Soucie JM, Thun MJ, Coates RJ, et al. Demographic and geographic variability of kidney stones in the United States. Kidney Int. 1994 Sep;46(3):893-9. Resumo

17. Sarmina I, Spirnak JP, Resnick MI. Urinary lithiasis in the black population: an epidemiological study and review of the literature. J Urol. 1987 Jul;138(1):14-7. Resumo

18. Hiatt RA, Dales LG, Friedman GD, et al. Frequency of urolithiasis in a prepaid medical care program. Am J Epidemiol. 1982 Feb;115(2):255-65. Resumo

19. Pearle MS, Calhoun EA, Curhan GC. Urologic diseases in America project: urolithiasis. J Urol. 2005 Mar;173(3):848-57. Resumo

20. Stamatelou KK, Francis ME, Jones CA, et al. Time trends in reported prevalence of kidney stones in the United States: 1976-1994. Kidney Int. 2003 May;63(5):1817-23. Resumo

21. Agarwal MM, Singh SK, Mavuduru R, et al. Preventive fluid and dietary therapy for urolithiasis: An appraisal of strength, controversies and lacunae of current literature. Indian J Urol. 2011 Jul;27(3):310-9.Texto completo  Resumo

22. Borghi L, Meschi T, Schianchi T, et al. Urine volume: stone risk factor and preventive measure. Nephron. 1999;81(suppl 1):31-37. Resumo

23. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Rimm EB, et al. A prospective study of dietary calcium and other nutrients and the risk of symptomatic kidney stones. N Engl J Med. 1993 Mar 25;328(12):833-8.Texto completo  Resumo

24. Curhan GC, Willett WC, Speizer FE, et al. Comparison of dietary calcium with supplemental calcium and other nutrients as factors affecting the risk for kidney stones in women. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Apr 1;126(7):497-504. Resumo

25. Geraghty RM, Proietti S, Traxer O, et al. Worldwide impact of warmer seasons on the incidence of renal colic and kidney stone disease: evidence from a systematic review of literature. J Endourol. 2017 Aug;31(8):729-35. Resumo

26. Fakheri RJ, Goldfarb DS. Ambient temperature as a contributor to kidney stone formation: implications of global warming. Kidney Int. 2011 Jun;79(11):1178-85.Texto completo  Resumo

27. Policastro LJ, Saggi SJ, Goldfarb DS, et al. Personalized intervention in monogenic stone formers. J Urol. 2018 Mar;199(3):623-32.Texto completo  Resumo

28. Daudon M, Frochot V, Bazin D, et al. Drug-induced kidney stones and crystalline nephropathy: pathophysiology, prevention and treatment. Drugs. 2018 Feb;78(2):163-201. Resumo

29. Tasian GE, Jemielita T, Goldfarb DS, et al. Oral antibiotic exposure and kidney stone disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Jun;29(6):1731-40. Resumo

30. Mefford JM, Tungate RM, Amini L, et al. A comparison of urolithiasis in the presence and absence of microscopic hematuria in the emergency department. West J Emerg Med. 2017 Jun;18(4):775-9.Texto completo  Resumo

31. Fulgham PF, Assimos DG, Pearle MS, et al. Clinical effectiveness protocols for imaging in the management of ureteral calculous disease: AUA Technology Assessment. J Urol. 2013 Apr;189(4):1203-13.Texto completo  Resumo

32. Ripollés T, Agramunt M, Errando J, et al. Suspected ureteral colic: plain film and sonography vs unenhanced helical CT. A prospective study in 66 patients. Eur Radiol. 2004 Jan;14(1):129-36. Resumo

33. Gorelik U, Ulish Y, Yagil Y. The use of standard imaging techniques and their diagnostic value in the workup of renal colic in the setting of intractable flank pain. Urology. 1996 May;47(5):637-42. Resumo

34. Dalla Palma L, Stacul F, Bazzocchi M, et al. Ultrasonography and plain film versus intravenous urography in ureteric colic. Clin Radiol. 1993 May;47(5):333-6. Resumo

35. Smith-Bindman R, Aubin C, Bailitz J, et al. Ultrasonography versus computed tomography for suspected nephrolithiasis. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 18;371(12):1100-10.Texto completo  Resumo

36. Metzler IS, Smith-Bindman R, Moghadassi M, et al. Emergency department imaging modality effect on surgical management of nephrolithiasis: a multicenter, randomized clinical trial. J Urol. 2017 Mar;197(3 pt 1):710-4.Texto completo  Resumo

37. ACOG Committee on Obstetric Practice. Committee opinion no. 723: Guidelines for diagnostic imaging during pregnancy and lactation. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Oct;130(4):e210-6.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Türk C, Neisius A, Petrik A, et al. European Association of Urology. Urolithiasis. 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

39. Valovska MI, Pais VM Jr. Contemporary best practice urolithiasis in pregnancy. Ther Adv Urol. 2018 Apr;10(4):127-38.Texto completo  Resumo

40. Worcester EM, Coe FL. Clinical practice. Calcium kidney stones. N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 2;363(10):954-63.Texto completo  Resumo

41. Uribarri J, Oh MS, Carroll HJ. The first kidney stone. Ann Intern Med. 1989 Dec 15;111(12):1006-9. Resumo

42. Moore CL, Daniels B, Ghita M, et al. Accuracy of reduced-dose computed tomography for ureteral stones in emergency department patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 Feb;65(2):189-98.e2. Resumo

43. Levine JA, Neitlich J, Verga M, et al. Ureteral calculi in patients with flank pain: correlation of plain radiography with unenhanced helical CT. Radiology. 1997 Jul;204(1):27-31. Resumo

44. Sammon JD, Ghani KR, Karakiewicz PI, et al. Temporal trends, practice patterns, and treatment outcomes for infected upper urinary tract stones in the United States. Eur Urol. 2013 Jul;64(1):85-92. Resumo

45. Pathan SA, Mitra B, Cameron PA. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, and paracetamol in the treatment of acute renal colic. Eur Urol. 2018 Apr;73(4):583-95. Resumo

46. Eisner BH, Goldfarb DS, Pareek G. Pharmacologic treatment of kidney stone disease. Urol Clin North Am. 2013 Feb;40(1):21-30. Resumo

47. Afshar K, Jafari S, Marks AJ, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and non-opioids for acute renal colic. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Jun 29;(6):CD006027.Texto completo  Resumo

48. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Renal and ureteric stones: assessment and management. January 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

49. Davenport K, Waine E. The role of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in renal colic. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010 Apr 28;3(5):1304-10.Texto completo  Resumo

50. Gu HY, Luo J, Wu JY, et al. Increasing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and reducing opioids or paracetamol in the management of acute renal colic: based on three-stage study design of network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:96.Texto completo  Resumo

51. Assimos D, Krambeck A, Miller NL, et al. Surgical management of stones: American Urological Association/Endourological Society Guideline. 2016 [internet publication].Texto completo  Resumo

52. Jendeberg J, Geijer H, Alshamari M, et al. Size matters: the width and location of a ureteral stone accurately predict the chance of spontaneous passage. Eur Radiol. 2017 Nov;27(11):4775-85.Texto completo  Resumo

53. Campschroer T, Zhu X, Vernooij RW, et al. Alpha-blockers as medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018;(4):CD008509.Texto completo  Resumo

54. Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G. Efficacy and safety of alpha blockers in medical expulsive therapy for ureteral stones: a mixed treatment network meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Mar;11(3):291-307. Resumo

55. Meltzer AC, Burrows PK, Wolfson AB, et al. Effect of tamsulosin on passage of symptomatic ureteral stones: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2018 Aug 1;178(8):1051-7.Texto completo  Resumo

56. Hollingsworth JM, Canales BK, Rogers MA, et al. Alpha blockers for treatment of ureteric stones: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2016 Dec 1;355:i6112.Texto completo  Resumo

57. Wang RC, Smith-Bindman R, Whitaker E, et al. Effect of tamsulosin on stone passage for ureteral stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Mar;69(3):353-61.e3. Resumo

58. Aboumarzouk OM, Jones P, Amer T, et al. What is the role of alpha-blockers for medical expulsive therapy? Results rrom a meta-analysis of 60 randomized trials and over 9500 patients. Urology. 2018 Sep;119:5-16.Texto completo  Resumo

59. Hsu YP, Hsu CW, Bai CH, et al. Silodosin versus tamsulosin for medical expulsive treatment of ureteral stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2018;13(8):e0203035.Texto completo  Resumo

60. Micali S, Grande M, Sighinolfi MC, et al. Medical therapy of urolithiasis. J Endourol. 2006 Nov;20(11):841-7. Resumo

61. Geraghty R, Burr J, Simmonds N, et al. Shock wave lithotripsy outcomes for lower pole and non-lower pole stones from a university teaching hospital: parallel group comparison during the same time period. Urol Ann. 2015 Jan-Mar;7(1):46-8.Texto completo  Resumo

62. Junbo L, Yugen L, Guo J, et al. Retrograde intrarenal surgery vs. percutaneous nephrolithotomy vs. extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower pole renal stones 10-20 mm : a meta-analysis and systematic review. Urol J. 2019 May 5;16(2):97-106.Texto completo  Resumo

63. Kachel TA, Vijan SR, Dretler SP. Endourological experience with cystine calculi and a treatment algorithm. J Urol. 1991;145:25-28. Resumo

64. Grasso M, Ficazzola M. Retrograde ureteropyeloscopy for lower pole caliceal calculi. J Urol. 1999 Dec;162(6):1904-8. Resumo

65. Aboumarzouk OM, Monga M, Kata SG, et al. Flexible ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy for stones >2 cm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endourol. 2012 Oct;26(10):1257-63. Resumo

66. Kang SK, Cho KS, Kang DH, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis to compare success rates of retrograde intrarenal surgery versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy for renal stones >2 cm: an update. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Dec;96(49):e9119.Texto completo  Resumo

67. Lingeman JE, Matlaga BR, Evan AP. Surgical management of upper urinary tract calculi. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, et al., eds. Campbell's urology. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:1431-1507.

68. Ordonez M, Hwang EC, Borofsky M, et al. Ureteral stent versus no ureteral stent for ureteroscopy in the management of renal and ureteral calculi. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Feb 6;2:CD012703.Texto completo  Resumo

69. Zhu Y, Duijvesz D, Rovers MM, et al. Alpha-blockers to assist stone clearance after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: a meta-analysis. BJU Int. 2010 Jul;106(2):256-61. Resumo

70. Liu LR, Li QJ, Wei Q, et al. Percussion, diuresis, and inversion therapy for the passage of lower pole kidney stones following shock wave lithotripsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(12):CD008569.Texto completo  Resumo

71. Loughlin KR. Management of urologic problems during pregnancy. Urology. 1994 Aug;44(2):159-69. Resumo

72. Ignatoff JM, Nelson JB. Use of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in a solitary kidney with renal artery aneurysm. J Urol. 1993 Feb;149(2):359-60. Resumo

73. Wang H, Man L, Li G, et al. Meta-analysis of stenting versus non-stenting for the treatment of ureteral stones. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 9;12(1):e0167670.Texto completo  Resumo

74. Davis NF, Quinlan MR, Browne C, et al. Single-use flexible ureteropyeloscopy: a systematic review. World J Urol. 2018 Apr;36(4):529-36.Texto completo  Resumo

75. Dell'Atti L, Papa S. Ten-year experience in the management of distal ureteral stones greater than 10 mm in size. G Chir. 2016 Jan-Feb;37(1):27-30.Texto completo  Resumo

76. Cui X, Ji F, Yan H, et al. Comparison between extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and ureteroscopic lithotripsy for treating large proximal ureteral stones: a meta-analysis. Urology. 2015 Apr;85(4):748-56. Resumo

77. Drake T, Grivas N, Dabestani S, et al. What are the benefits and harms of ureteroscopy compared with shock-wave lithotripsy in the treatment of upper ureteral stones? A systematic review. Eur Urol. 2017 Nov;72(5):772-86. Resumo

78. Aboumarzouk OM, Kata SG, Keeley FX, et al. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) versus ureteroscopic management for ureteric calculi. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(5):CD006029.Texto completo  Resumo

79. Maheshwari PN, Oswal AT, Andankar M, et al. Is antegrade ureteroscopy better than retrograde ureteroscopy for impacted large upper ureteral calculi? J Endourol. 1999 Jul-Aug;13(6):441-4. Resumo

80. el-Nahas AR, Eraky I, el-Assmy AM, et al. Percutaneous treatment of large upper tract stones after urinary diversion. Urology. 2006 Sep;68(3):500-4. Resumo

81. Wang Q, Guo J, Hu H, et al. Rigid ureteroscopic lithotripsy versus percutaneous nephrolithotomy for large proximal ureteral stones: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2017 Feb 9;12(2):e0171478.Texto completo  Resumo

82. Breda A, Territo A, Scoffone C, et al. The evaluation of radiologic methods for access guidance in percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a systematic review of the literature. Scand J Urol. 2018 Apr;52(2):81-6.Texto completo  Resumo

83. Lingeman JE, Coury TA, Newman DM, et al. Comparison of results and morbidity of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. J Urol. 1987 Sep;138(3):485-90. Resumo

84. Semins MJ, Matlaga BR. Kidney stones during pregnancy. Nat Rev Urol. 2014 Mar;11(3):163-8. Resumo

85. Burgess KL, Gettman MT, Rangel LJ, et al. Diagnosis of urolithiasis and rate of spontaneous passage during pregnancy. J Urol. 2011 Dec;186(6):2280-4. Resumo

86. Semins MJ, Trock BJ, Matlaga BR. The safety of ureteroscopy during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol. 2009 Jan;181(1):139-43. Resumo

87. Cheungpasitporn W, Rossetti S, Friend K, et al. Treatment effect, adherence, and safety of high fluid intake for the prevention of incident and recurrent kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Nephrol. 2016 Apr;29(2):211-9.Texto completo  Resumo

88. Pak CY. Kidney stones. Lancet. 1998 Jun 13;351(9118):1797-801. Resumo

89. Pearle MS, Goldfarb DS, Assimos DG, et al. Medical management of kidney stones: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2014 Aug;192(2):316-24.Texto completo  Resumo

90. Gambaro G, Croppi E, Coe F, et al; Consensus Conference Group. Metabolic diagnosis and medical prevention of calcium nephrolithiasis and its systemic manifestations: a consensus statement. J Nephrol. 2016 Dec;29(6):715-34.Texto completo  Resumo

91. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA adds Boxed Warning for increased risk of death with gout medicine Uloric (febuxostat). 21 February 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

92. White WB, Saag KG, Becker MA, et al. Cardiovascular safety of febuxostat or allopurinol in patients with gout. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 12;378(13):1200-10.Texto completo  Resumo

93. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Febuxostat (Adenuric): increased risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality in clinical trial in patients with a history of major cardiovascular disease. July 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

94. Phillips R, Hanchanale VS, Myatt A, et al. Citrate salts for preventing and treating calcium containing kidney stones in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(10):CD010057.Texto completo  Resumo

95. Kern A, Grimsby G, Mayo H, et al. Medical and dietary interventions for preventing recurrent urinary stones in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;(11):CD011252.Texto completo  Resumo

96. Barreto L, Jung JH, Abdelrahim A, et al. Medical and surgical interventions for the treatment of urinary stones in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Oct 9;10:CD010784.Texto completo  Resumo

97. El Said NO, El Wakeel L, Kamal KM, et al. Alfuzosin treatment improves the rate and time for stone expulsion in patients with distal uretral stones: a prospective randomized controlled study. Pharmacotherapy. 2015 May;35(5):470-6. Resumo

98. Sur RL, Shore N, L'Esperance J. Silodosin to facilitate passage of ureteral stones: a multi-institutional, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Urol. 2015 May;67(5):959-64. Resumo

99. Yang D, Wu J, Yuan H, et al. The efficacy and safety of silodosin for the treatment of ureteral stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Urol. 2016 May 27;16(1):23.Texto completo  Resumo

100. Escribano J, Balaguer A, Roqué i Figuls M, et al. Dietary interventions for preventing complications in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(2):CD006022.Texto completo  Resumo

101. Goldfarb DS, MacDonald PA, Gunawardhana L, et al. Randomized controlled trial of febuxostat versus allopurinol or placebo in individuals with higher urinary uric acid excretion and calcium stones. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2013 Nov;8(11):1960-7.Texto completo  Resumo

102. Worcester EM. Stones from bowel disease. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2002 Dec;31(4):979-99. Resumo

103. Pak CY, Fuller C, Sakhaee K, et al. Management of cystine nephrolithiasis with alpha-mercaptopropionylglycine. J Urol. 1986 Nov;136(5):1003-8. Resumo

104. Rule AD, Lieske JC, Li X, et al. The ROKS nomogram for predicting a second symptomatic stone episode. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2014;25:2878-2886. Resumo

105. Moore SL, Cook P, de Coninck V, et al. Outcomes and long-term follow-up of patients with cystine atones: a systematic review. Curr Urol Rep. 2019 Apr 15;20(6):27.Texto completo  Resumo

106. Bao Y, Tu X, Wei Q. Water for preventing urinary stones. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Feb 11;2:CD004292.Texto completo  Resumo