Referências
Principais artigos
Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, et al. 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 1;41(1):111-88.Texto completo Resumo
Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Jun 18;139(25):e1082-143.Texto completo Resumo
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Cardiovascular disease: risk assessment and reduction, including lipid modification. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
Expert Dyslipidemia Panel of the International Atherosclerosis Society Panel members. An International Atherosclerosis Society position paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia - full report. J Clin Lipidol. 2014 Jan-Feb;8(1):29-60.Texto completo Resumo
Writing Committee; Lloyd-Jones DM, Morris PB, Ballantyne CM, et al. 2022 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the role of nonstatin therapies for LDL-cholesterol lowering in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022 Oct 4;80(14):1366-418.Texto completo Resumo
Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration; Fulcher J, O'Connell R, Voysey M, et al. Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 randomised trials. Lancet. 2015 Apr 11;385(9976):1397-405. Resumo
Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Mertz CN, et al; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004 Jul 13;110(2):227-39.Texto completo Resumo
Artigos de referência
1. Verbeek R, Hoogeveen RM, Langsted A, et al. Cardiovascular disease risk associated with elevated lipoprotein(a) attenuates at low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a primary prevention setting. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jul 14;39(27):2589-96.Texto completo Resumo
2. Fredrickson DS, Levy RI, Lees RS. Fat transport in lipoproteins: an integrated approach to mechanisms and disorders. N Engl J Med. 1967 Feb 2;276(5):273-81. Resumo
3. Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, et al. 2024 heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2024 Feb 20;149(8):e347-913.Texto completo Resumo
4. Aggarwal R, Bhatt DL, Rodriguez F, et al. Trends in lipid concentrations and lipid control among US adults, 2007-2018. JAMA. 2022 Aug 23;328(8):737-45.Texto completo Resumo
5. Genest JJ, Martin-Munley SS, McNamara JR, et al. Familial lipoprotein disorders in patients with premature coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1992 Jun;85(6):2025-33. Resumo
6. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004 Sep 11-17;364(9438):937-52. Resumo
7. Kawada T. Body mass index is a good predictor of hypertension and hyperlipidemia in a rural Japanese population. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 May;26(5):725-9. Resumo
8. Pearson TA. Cardiovascular disease in developing countries: myths, realities, and opportunities. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 1999 Apr;13(2):95-104. Resumo
9. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol. Nature. 2020 Jun;582(7810):73-7.Texto completo Resumo
10. Van Dyke M, Greer S, Odom E, et al. Heart disease death rates among blacks and whites aged ≥35 years - United States, 1968-2015. MMWR Surveill Summ. 2018 Mar 30;67(5):1-11.Texto completo Resumo
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. About underlying cause of death, 1999-2020 [internet publication].Texto completo
12. Jacobs JA, Addo DK, Zheutlin AR, et al. Prevalence of statin use for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by race, ethnicity, and 10-year disease risk in the US: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2013 to March 2020. JAMA Cardiol. 2023 May 1;8(5):443-52. Resumo
13. Tosi I, Toledo-Leiva P, Neuwirth C, et al. Genetic defects causing familial hypercholesterolaemia: identification of deletions and duplications in the LDL-receptor gene and summary of all mutations found in patients attending the Hammersmith Hospital Lipid Clinic. Atherosclerosis. 2007 Sep;194(1):102-11. Resumo
14. Carson JAS, Lichtenstein AH, Anderson CAM, et al. Dietary cholesterol and cardiovascular risk: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2020 Jan 21;141(3):e39-53.Texto completo Resumo
15. Weir MR, Moser M. Diuretics and beta-blockers: is there a risk for dyslipidemia? Am Heart J. 2000 Jan;139(1 Pt 1):174-83. Resumo
16. Liu C, Dhindsa D, Almuwaqqat Z, et al. Association between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and adverse cardiovascular outcomes in high-risk populations. JAMA Cardiol. 2022 Jul 1;7(7):672-80.Texto completo Resumo
17. Skalen K, Gustafsson M, Rydberg EK, et al. Subendothelial retention of atherogenic lipoproteins in early atherosclerosis. Nature. 2002 Jun 13;417(6890):750-4. Resumo
18. Reilly MP, Pratico D, Delanty N, et al. Increased formation of distinct F2 isoprostanes in hypercholesterolemia. Circulation. 1998 Dec 22-29;98(25):2822-8.Texto completo Resumo
19. Tsimikas S, Brilakis ES, Miller ER, et al. Oxidized phospholipids, Lp(a) lipoprotein, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jul 7;353(1):46-57.Texto completo Resumo
20. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s. Nature. 1993 Apr 29;362(6423):801-9. Resumo
21. Zavaroni I, Dall'Aglio E, Alpi O, et al. Evidence for an independent relationship between plasma insulin and concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride. Atherosclerosis. 1985 Jun;55(3):259-66. Resumo
22. Garvey WT, Kwon S, Zheng D, et al. Effects of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes on lipoprotein subclass particle size and concentration determined by nuclear magnetic resonance. Diabetes. 2003 Feb;52(2):453-62.Texto completo Resumo
23. Hubert HB, Feinleib M, McNamara PM, et al. Obesity as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease: a 26-year follow-up of participants in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 1983 May;67(5):968-77. Resumo
24. Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, et al. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the International Diabetes Federation Task Force on Epidemiology and Prevention; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American Heart Association; World Heart Federation; International Atherosclerosis Society; and International Association for the Study of Obesity. Circulation. 2009 Oct 20;120(16):1640-5.Texto completo Resumo
25. The Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) Study Group, Israel. Lipids and lipoproteins in symptomatic coronary heart disease. Distribution, intercorrelations, and significance for risk classification in 6,700 men and 1,500 women. Circulation. 1992 Sep;86(3):839-48. Resumo
26. Criqui, MH, Cowan, LD, Tyroler, HA, et al. Lipoproteins as mediators for the effects of alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on cardiovascular mortality: results from the Lipid Research Clinic Follow-up Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Oct;126(4):629-37. Resumo
27. Facchini FS, Hollenbeck CB, Jeppesen J, et al. Insulin resistance and cigarette smoking. Lancet. 1992 May 9;339(8802):1128-30. Resumo
28. O'Brien T, Dinneen SF, O'Brien PC, et al. Hyperlipidemia in patients with primary and secondary hypothyroidism. Mayo Clin Proc. 1993 Sep;68(9):860-6. Resumo
29. Tsimihodimos V, Bairaktari E, Tzallas C, et al. The incidence of thyroid function abnormalities in patients attending an outpatient lipid clinic. Thyroid. 1999 Apr;9(4):365-8. Resumo
30. Barone Gibbs B, Hivert MF, Jerome GJ, et al. Physical activity as a critical component of first-line treatment for elevated blood pressure or cholesterol: who, what, and how?: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Hypertension. 2021 Aug;78(2):e26-37.Texto completo Resumo
31. Lichtenstein AH, Appel LJ, Vadiveloo M, et al. 2021 dietary guidance to improve cardiovascular health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2021 Dec 7;144(23):e472-87.Texto completo Resumo
32. US Preventive Services Task Force. Final recommendation statement: healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults with cardiovascular risk factors: behavioral counseling interventions. Nov 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo
33. US Preventive Services Task Force. Final recommendation statement: healthy diet and physical activity for cardiovascular disease prevention in adults without cardiovascular disease risk aactors: behavioral counseling interventions. Jul 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
34. Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). JAMA. 2001 May 16;285(19):2486-97. Resumo
35. Pearson GJ, Thanassoulis G, Anderson TJ, et al. 2021 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults. Can J Cardiol. 2021 Aug;37(8):1129-50.Texto completo Resumo
36. Sathiyakumar V, Park J, Golozar A, et al. Fasting versus nonfasting and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol accuracy. Circulation. 2018 Jan 2;137(1):10-9. Resumo
37. Akioyamen LE, Genest J, Shan SD, et al. Estimating the prevalence of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017 Sep 1;7(9):e016461.Texto completo Resumo
38. Cuchel M, Raal FJ, Hegele RA, et al. 2023 Update on European Atherosclerosis Society consensus statement on homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: new treatments and clinical guidance. Eur Heart J. 2023 Jul 1;44(25):2277-91.Texto completo Resumo
39. World Health Organization. Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH): report of a second WHO consultation. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 1999.Texto completo
40. Brunham LR, Ruel I, Aljenedil S, et al. Canadian Cardiovascular Society position statement on familial hypercholesterolemia: update 2018. Can J Cardiol. 2018 Dec;34(12):1553-63.Texto completo Resumo
41. Mach F, Baigent C, Catapano AL, et al. 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: lipid modification to reduce cardiovascular risk. Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 1;41(1):111-88.Texto completo Resumo
42. Public Health England. Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: Implementing a systems approach to detection and management. Aug 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo
43. Khera AV, Won HH, Peloso GM, et al. Diagnostic yield and clinical utility of sequencing familial hypercholesterolemia genes in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2016 Jun 7;67(22):2578-89.Texto completo Resumo
44. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Jun 18;139(25):e1082-143.Texto completo Resumo
45. Vermeer BJ, van Gent CM, Goslings B, et al. Xanthomatosis and other clinical findings in patients with elevated levels of very low density lipoproteins. Br J Dermatol. 1979 Jun;100(6):657-66. Resumo
46. Cooper GR, Myers GL, Smith SJ, et al. Blood lipid measurements. Variations and practical utility. JAMA. 1992 Mar 25;267(12):1652-60. Resumo
47. Folsom AR, Kuba K, Luepker RV, et al. Lipid concentrations in serum and EDTA-treated plasma from fasting and nonfasting normal persons, with particular regard to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1983 Mar;29(3):505-8. Resumo
48. Ryder RE, Hayes TM, Mulligan IP. How soon after myocardial infarction should plasma lipid values be assessed? Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984 Dec 15;289(6459):1651-3.Texto completo Resumo
49. Diekman T, Lansberg PJ, Kastelein JP, et al. Prevalence and correction of hypothyroidism in a large cohort of patients referred for dyslipidemia. Arch Intern Med. 1995 Jul 24;155(14):1490-5. Resumo
50. Jellinger PS, Handelsman Y, Rosenblit PD, et al. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF DYSLIPIDEMIA AND PREVENTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE. Endocr Pract. 2017 Apr;23(suppl 2):1-87.Texto completo Resumo
51. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Cardiovascular disease: risk assessment and reduction, including lipid modification. Dec 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
52. US Preventive Services Task Force. Lipid disorders in children and adolescents: screening. Jul 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo
53. Expert Dyslipidemia Panel of the International Atherosclerosis Society Panel members. An International Atherosclerosis Society position paper: global recommendations for the management of dyslipidemia - full report. J Clin Lipidol. 2014 Jan-Feb;8(1):29-60.Texto completo Resumo
54. Writing Committee; Lloyd-Jones DM, Morris PB, Ballantyne CM, et al. 2022 ACC Expert Consensus Decision Pathway on the role of nonstatin therapies for LDL-cholesterol lowering in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022 Oct 4;80(14):1366-418.Texto completo Resumo
55. Khan SS, Coresh J, Pencina MJ, et al. Novel prediction equations for absolute risk assessment of total cardiovascular disease incorporating cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2023 Dec 12;148(24):1982-2004.Texto completo Resumo
56. Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al; ESC National Cardiac Societies; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 7;42(34):3227-337. [Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2022 Nov 7;43(42):4468.]Texto completo Resumo
57. Lloyd-Jones DM, Braun LT, Ndumele CE, et al. Use of risk assessment tools to guide decision-making in the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a special report from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 25;73(24):3153-67.Texto completo Resumo
58. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2019 Sep 10;140(11):e596-646.Texto completo Resumo
59. Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J, et al; Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet. 2010 Nov 13;376(9753):1670-81.Texto completo Resumo
60. Chou R, Cantor A, Dana T, et al. Statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2022 Aug 23;328(8):754-71.Texto completo Resumo
61. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration; Fulcher J, O'Connell R, Voysey M, et al. Efficacy and safety of LDL-lowering therapy among men and women: meta-analysis of individual data from 174,000 participants in 27 randomised trials. Lancet. 2015 Apr 11;385(9976):1397-405. Resumo
62. Kohli-Lynch CN, Lewsey J, Boyd KA, et al. Beyond 10-year risk: a cost-effectiveness analysis of statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2022 Apr 26;145(17):1312-23.Texto completo Resumo
63. Huang J, Frohlich J, Ignaszewski AP. The impact of dietary changes and dietary supplements on lipid profile [in French]. Can J Cardiol. 2011 Jul-Aug;27(4):488-505. Resumo
64. Gupta AK, Savopoulos CG, Ahuja J, et al. Role of phytosterols in lipid-lowering: current perspectives. QJM. 2011 Apr;104(4):301-8.Texto completo Resumo
65. Jenkins DJ, Jones PJ, Lamarche B, et al. Effect of a dietary portfolio of cholesterol-lowering foods given at 2 levels of intensity of dietary advice on serum lipids in hyperlipidemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2011 Aug 24;306(8):831-9.Texto completo Resumo
66. Butowski PF, Winder AF. Usual care dietary practice, achievement and implications for medication in the management of hypercholesterolemia: data from the UK Lipid Clinics Programme. Eur Heart J. 1998 Sep;19(9):1328-33.Texto completo Resumo
67. Buckley DM. How effective are dietary interventions in lowering lipids in adults with dyslipidemia? J Fam Pract. 2007 Jan;56(1):46-8. Resumo
68. Koch CA, Kjeldsen EW, Frikke-Schmidt R. Vegetarian or vegan diets and blood lipids: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Eur Heart J. 2023 Jul 21;44(28):2609-22.Texto completo Resumo
69. Wang T, Kroeger CM, Cassidy S, et al. Vegetarian dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk in people with or at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Jul 3;6(7):e2325658.Texto completo Resumo
70. Stefanick ML, Mackey S, Sheehan M, et al. Effects of diet and exercise in men and postmenopausal women with low levels of HDL cholesterol and high levels of LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 1998 Jul 2;339(1):12-20.Texto completo Resumo
71. Byington RP, Jukema JW, Salonen JT, et al. Reduction in cardiovascular events during pravastatin therapy: pooled analysis of clinical events of the Pravastatin Atherosclerosis Intervention Program. Circulation. 1995 Nov 1;92(9):2419-25.Texto completo Resumo
72. US Preventive Services Task Force. Final recommendation statement: statin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: preventive medication. Aug 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo
73. Taylor F, Huffman MD, Macedo AF, et al. Statins for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jan 31;2013(1):CD004816.Texto completo Resumo
74. Yusuf S, Bosch J, Dagenais G, et al. Cholesterol lowering in intermediate-risk persons without cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2016 May 26;374(21):2021-31.Texto completo Resumo
75. Jones PH, Davidson MH, Stein EA, et al; STELLAR Study Group. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin versus atorvastatin, simvastatin, and pravastatin across doses (STELLAR* Trial). Am J Cardiol. 2003 Jul 15;92(2):152-60. Resumo
76. Sattar N, Preiss D, Murray HM, et al. Statins and risk of incident diabetes: a collaborative meta-analysis of randomised statin trials. Lancet. 2010 Feb 27;375(9716):735-42. Resumo
77. Preiss D, Seshasai SR, Welsh P, et al. Risk of incident diabetes with intensive-dose compared with moderate-dose statin therapy: a meta-analysis. JAMA. 2011 Jun 22;305(24):2556-64.Texto completo Resumo
78. Waters DD, Ho JE, DeMicco DA, et al. Predictors of new-onset diabetes in patients treated with atorvastatin: results from 3 large randomized clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Apr 5;57(14):1535-45.Texto completo Resumo
79. Ridker PM, Pradhan A, MacFadyen JG, et al. Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial. Lancet. 2012 Aug 11;380(9841):565-71.Texto completo Resumo
80. Baigent C, Landray MJ, Reith C, et al. The effects of lowering LDL cholesterol with simvastatin plus ezetimibe in patients with chronic kidney disease (Study of Heart and Renal Protection): a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011 Jun 25;377(9784):2181-92.Texto completo Resumo
81. Goldstein LB, Toth PP, Dearborn-Tomazos JL, et al. Aggressive LDL-C lowering and the brain: impact on risk for dementia and hemorrhagic stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2023 Oct;43(10):e404-42.Texto completo Resumo
82. Ford I, Murray H, McCowan C, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with statin therapy: 20-year follow-up of west of Scotland coronary prevention study. Circulation. 2016 Mar 15;133(11):1073-80.Texto completo Resumo
83. Hague WE, Simes J, Kirby A, et al. Long-term effectiveness and safety of pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease: sixteen years of follow-up of the LIPID study. Circulation. 2016 May 10;133(19):1851-60.Texto completo Resumo
84. Reindl EK, Wright BM, Wargo KA. Alternate-day statin therapy for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Ann Pharmacother. 2010 Sep;44(9):1459-70. Resumo
85. Dujovne CA, Ettinger MP, McNeer JF, et al. Efficacy and safety of a potent new selective cholesterol absorption inhibitor, ezetimibe, in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiol. 2002 Nov 15;90(10):1092-7. Resumo
86. Davidson MH, McGarry T, Bettis R, et al. Ezetimibe coadministered with simvastatin in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Dec 18;40(12):2125-34.Texto completo Resumo
87. Cannon CP, Blazing MA, Giugliano RP, et al. Ezetimibe added to statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jun 18;372(25):2387-97.Texto completo Resumo
88. Bohula EA, Wiviott SD, Giugliano RP, et al. Prevention of stroke with the addition of ezetimibe to statin therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome in IMPROVE-IT (Improved Reduction of Outcomes: Vytorin Efficacy International Trial). Circulation. 2017 Dec 19;136(25):2440-50. Resumo
89. Ouchi Y, Sasaki J, Arai H, et al. Ezetimibe lipid-lowering trial on prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in 75 or older (EWTOPIA 75): a randomized, controlled trial. Circulation. 2019 Sep 17;140(12):992-1003.Texto completo Resumo
90. Ito MK, Santos RD. PCSK9 inhibition with monoclonal antibodies: modern management of hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Jan;57(1):7-32.Texto completo Resumo
91. Kastelein JJ, Ginsberg HN, Langslet G, et al. ODYSSEY FH I and FH II: 78 week results with alirocumab treatment in 735 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. Eur Heart J. 2015 Nov 14;36(43):2996-3003.Texto completo Resumo
92. Sabatine MS, Giugliano RP, Keech AC, et al. Evolocumab and clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2017 May 4;376(18):1713-22.Texto completo Resumo
93. Ridker PM, Revkin J, Amarenco P, et al. Cardiovascular efficacy and safety of bococizumab in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2017 Apr 20;376(16):1527-39.Texto completo Resumo
94. Schwartz GG, Steg PG, Szarek M, et al; ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Committees and Investigators. Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2018 Nov 29;379(22):2097-107.Texto completo Resumo
95. Szarek M, White HD, Schwartz GG, et al; ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Committees and Investigators. Alirocumab reduces total nonfatal cardiovascular and fatal events: the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Feb 5;73(4):387-96.Texto completo Resumo
96. Murphy SA, Pedersen TR, Gaciong ZA, et al. Effect of the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab on total cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease: a prespecified analysis from the FOURIER trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2019 Jul 1;4(7):613-9. Resumo
97. Giugliano RP, Pedersen TR, Park JG, et al. Clinical efficacy and safety of achieving very low LDL-cholesterol concentrations with the PCSK9 inhibitor evolocumab: a prespecified secondary analysis of the FOURIER trial. Lancet. 2017 Oct 28;390(10106):1962-71. Resumo
98. O'Donoghue ML, Giugliano RP, Wiviott SD, et al. Long-term evolocumab in patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Circulation. 2022 Oct 11;146(15):1109-19.Texto completo Resumo
99. Gaba P, O'Donoghue ML, Park JG, et al. Association between achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and long-term cardiovascular and safety outcomes: an analysis of FOURIER-OLE. Circulation. 2023 Apr 18;147(16):1192-203. Resumo
100. Erviti J, Wright J, Bassett K, et al. Restoring mortality data in the FOURIER cardiovascular outcomes trial of evolocumab in patients with cardiovascular disease: a reanalysis based on regulatory data. BMJ Open. 2022 Dec 30;12(12):e060172.Texto completo Resumo
101. Giugliano RP, Mach F, Zavitz K, et al. Cognitive function in a randomized trial of evolocumab. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 17;377(7):633-43.Texto completo Resumo
102. Qamar A, Giugliano RP, Keech AC, et al. Interindividual variation in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level reduction with evolocumab: an analysis of FOURIER trial data. JAMA Cardiol. 2019 Jan 1;4(1):59-63. Resumo
103. Steg PG, Szarek M, Bhatt DL, et al. Effect of alirocumab on mortality after acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2019 Jul 9;140(2):103-12.Texto completo Resumo
104. Schwartz GG, Szarek M, Bhatt DL, et al. Transiently achieved very low LDL-cholesterol levels by statin and alirocumab after acute coronary syndrome are associated with cardiovascular risk reduction: the ODYSSEY Outcomes trial. Eur Heart J. 2023 Mar 5;44(16):1408-17.Texto completo Resumo
105. Bai J, Gong LL, Li QF, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 monoclonal antibodies: a meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials. J Clin Lipidol. 2018 Mar - Apr;12(2):277-91;e3. Resumo
106. Schmidt AF, Carter JL, Pearce LS, et al. PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Oct 20;10(10):CD011748.Texto completo Resumo
107. Insull W Jr, Toth P, Mullican W, et al. Effectiveness of colesevelam hydrochloride in decreasing LDL cholesterol in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia: a 24-week randomized controlled trial. Mayo Clin Proc. 2001 Oct;76(10):971-82. Resumo
108. Packard CJ, Ford I, Robertson M, et al. Plasma lipoproteins and apolipoproteins as predictors of cardiovascular risk and treatment benefit in the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER). Circulation. 2005 Nov 15;112(20):3058-65.Texto completo Resumo
109. Savarese G, Gotto AM Jr, Paolillo S, et al. Benefits of statins in elderly subjects without established cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Dec 3;62(22):2090-9.Texto completo Resumo
110. Thompson W, Morin L, Jarbøl DE, et al. Statin discontinuation and cardiovascular events among older people in Denmark. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Dec 1;4(12):e2136802. [Erratum in: JAMA Netw Open. 2022 Jan 4;5(1):e220010.]Texto completo Resumo
111. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Efficacy and safety of statin therapy in older people: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from 28 randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2019 Feb 2;393(10170):407-15.Texto completo Resumo
112. Goldberg AC, Leiter LA, Stroes ESG, et al. Effect of bempedoic acid vs placebo added to maximally tolerated statins on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease: the CLEAR Wisdom randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2019 Nov 12;322(18):1780-8.Texto completo Resumo
113. Nissen SE, Lincoff AM, Brennan D, et al. Bempedoic acid and cardiovascular outcomes in statin-intolerant patients. N Engl J Med. 2023 Apr 13;388(15):1353-64. Resumo
114. Nicholls SJ, Nelson AJ, Lincoff AM, et al. Impact of bempedoic acid on total cardiovascular events: a prespecified analysis of the CLEAR Outcomes randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2024 Mar 1;9(3):245-53. Resumo
115. Nissen SE, Menon V, Nicholls SJ, et al. Bempedoic acid for primary prevention of cardiovascular events in statin-intolerant patients. JAMA. 2023 Jul 11;330(2):131-40. Resumo
116. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Bempedoic acid with ezetimibe for treating primary hypercholesterolaemia or mixed dyslipidaemia. Apr 2021[internet publication].Texto completo
117. Ray KK, Stoekenbroek RM, Kallend D, et al. Effect of 1 or 2 doses of inclisiran on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels: one-year follow-up of the ORION-1 randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2019 Nov 1;4(11):1067-75.Texto completo Resumo
118. Ray KK, Troquay RPT, Visseren FLJ, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of inclisiran in patients with high cardiovascular risk and elevated LDL cholesterol (ORION-3): results from the 4-year open-label extension of the ORION-1 trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2023 Feb;11(2):109-19.Texto completo Resumo
119. Raal FJ, Kallend D, Ray KK, et al. Inclisiran for the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 16;382(16):1520-30.Texto completo Resumo
120. Ray KK, Wright RS, Kallend D, et al. Two Phase 3 trials of inclisiran in patients with elevated LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 16;382(16):1507-19.Texto completo Resumo
121. Ray KK, Kallend D, Leiter LA, et al. Effect of inclisiran on lipids in primary prevention: the ORION-11 trial. Eur Heart J. 2022 Dec 21;43(48):5047-57.Texto completo Resumo
122. Ray KK, Raal FJ, Kallend DG, et al. Inclisiran and cardiovascular events: a patient-level analysis of phase III trials. Eur Heart J. 2023 Jan 7;44(2):129-38.Texto completo Resumo
123. Wright RS, Koenig W, Landmesser U, et al. Safety and tolerability of inclisiran for treatment of hypercholesterolemia in 7 clinical trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2023 Dec 12;82(24):2251-61.Texto completo Resumo
124. Koren MJ, Rodriguez F, East C, et al. An "Inclisiran First" strategy vs usual care in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024 May 21;83(20):1939-52.Texto completo Resumo
125. Raal F, Durst R, Bi R, et al. Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of inclisiran in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: results from the ORION-5 randomized clinical trial. Circulation. 2024 Jan 30;149(5):354-62.Texto completo Resumo
126. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Inclisiran for treating primary hypercholesterolaemia or mixed dyslipidaemia. Oct 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo
127. Rosenson RS, Burgess LJ, Ebenbichler CF, et al. Longer-term efficacy and safety of evinacumab in patients with refractory hypercholesterolemia. JAMA Cardiol. 2023 Nov 1;8(11):1070-76.Texto completo Resumo
128. Burton BK, Balwani M, Feillet F, et al. A phase 3 trial of sebelipase alfa in lysosomal acid lipase deficiency. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 10;373(11):1010-20.Texto completo Resumo
129. Newman CB, Preiss D, Tobert JA, et al; American Heart Association Clinical Lipidology, Lipoprotein, Metabolism and Thrombosis Committee, a Joint Committee of the Council on Atherosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology and Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young; Council on Clinical Cardiology; and Stroke Council. Statin safety and associated adverse events: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2019 Feb;39(2):e38-81.Texto completo Resumo
130. Collins R, Reith C, Emberson J, et al. Interpretation of the evidence for the efficacy and safety of statin therapy. Lancet. 2016 Nov 19;388(10059):2532-61.Texto completo Resumo
131. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Mertz CN, et al; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004 Jul 13;110(2):227-39.Texto completo Resumo
132. O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 Jul 1;82(1):E1-27.Texto completo Resumo
133. Smith EE, Abdullah AR, Amirfarzan H, et al. Serum lipid profile on admission for ischemic stroke: failure to meet National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP-ATPIII) guidelines. Neurology. 2007 Feb 27;68(9):660-5. Resumo
134. Manktelow BN, Potter JF. Interventions in the management of serum lipids for preventing stroke recurrence. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009 Jul 8;(3):CD002091.Texto completo Resumo
135. Kim JH, Kim IK, Seo KK, et al. Involvement of superoxide radical in the impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation of cavernous smooth muscle in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Urol Res. 1997;25(5):341-6. Resumo
136. Esposito K, Ciotola M, Giugliano F, et al. Effects of intensive lifestyle changes on erectile dysfunction in men. J Sex Med. 2009 Jan;6(1):243-50. Resumo
137. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: important safety label changes to cholesterol-lowering statin drugs. February 2012 [internet publication].Texto completo
138. Smith CC, Bernstein LI, Davis RB, et al. Screening for statin-related toxicity: the yield of transaminase and creatine kinase measurements in a primary care setting. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Mar 24;163(6):688-92.Texto completo Resumo
O uso deste conteúdo está sujeito ao nosso aviso legal