Avaliação da diarreia crônica

Fernández-Bañares F, Esteve M, Salas A, et al. Systematic evaluation of the causes of chronic watery diarrhea with functional characteristics. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:2520-2528. Resumen

Arasaradnam RP, Brown S, Forbes A, et al. Guidelines for the investigation of chronic diarrhoea in adults: British Society of Gastroenterology, 3rd edition. Gut. 2018 Aug;67(8):1380-99.Texto completo  Resumen

Talley NJ. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in 2007 and Rome III: something new, something borrowed, something objective. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2007;7:97-105. Resumen

1. Holt PR. Intestinal malabsorption in the elderly. Dig Dis. 2007;25:144-150. Resumen

2. American Gastroenterological Association medical position statement: guidelines for the evaluation and management of chronic diarrhea. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:1461-1463. Resumen

3. Fernández-Bañares F, Esteve M, Salas A, et al. Systematic evaluation of the causes of chronic watery diarrhea with functional characteristics. Am J Gastroenterol. 2007;102:2520-2528. Resumen

4. Arasaradnam RP, Brown S, Forbes A, et al. Guidelines for the investigation of chronic diarrhoea in adults: British Society of Gastroenterology, 3rd edition. Gut. 2018 Aug;67(8):1380-99.Texto completo  Resumen

5. Lewis SJ, Heaton KW. Stool form scale as a useful guide to intestinal transit time. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1997;32:920-924. Resumen

6. Bossi P, Antonuzzo A, Cherny NI, et al. Diarrhoea in adult cancer patients: ESMO clinical practice guidelines. Ann Oncol. 2018 Oct;29 Suppl 4:iv126-iv142.Texto completo  Resumen

7. van Rheenen PF, Van de Vijver E, Fidler V. Faecal calprotectin for screening of patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease: diagnostic meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010;341:c3369.Texto completo  Resumen

8. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Faecal calprotectin diagnostic tests for inflammatory diseases of the bowel. October 2013 [internet publication].Texto completo

9. Kinoshita Y, Ariyoshi R, Fujigaki S, et al. Endoscopic diagnosis of chronic diarrhea. DEN Open. 2022 Apr;2(1):e53.Texto completo  Resumen

10. Yantiss RK, Odze RD. Diagnostic difficulties in inflammatory bowel disease pathology. Histopathology. 2006;48:116-132. Resumen

11. Bossuyt X. Serologic markers in inflammatory bowel disease. Clin Chem. 2006;52:171-181. Resumen

12. Quigley EM. Irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease: interrelated diseases? Chin J Dig Dis. 2005;6:122-132. Resumen

13. Kalla R, Ventham NT, Satsangi J, et al. Crohn's disease. BMJ. 2014;349:g6670. Resumen

14. Kafil TS, Nguyen TM, Patton PH, et al. Interventions for treating collagenous colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;11:CD003575.Texto completo  Resumen

15. Chande N, Al Yatama N, Bhanji T, et al. Interventions for treating lymphocytic colitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Jul 13;7:CD006096.Texto completo  Resumen

16. Chande N, Driman DK. Microscopic colitis associated with lansoprazole: report of two cases and a review of the literature. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2007;42:530-533. Resumen

17. Liszka L, Woszczyk D, Pajak J. Histopathological diagnosis of microscopic colitis. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21:792-797. Resumen

18. Nyhlin N, Bohr J, Eriksson S, et al. Systematic review: microscopic colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006;23:1525-1534. Resumen

19. Tysk C, Bohr J, Olesen M, et al. Microscopic colitis - more common cause of diarrhea than believed. Biopsies are the only way to diagnosis, drug treatment is effective. Lakartidningen. 2005;102:2210-2214. Resumen

20. Chang F, Deere H, Vu C. Atypical forms of microscopic colitis: morphological features and review of the literature. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005;12:203-211. Resumen

21. Yen EF, Pardi DS. Review article: microscopic colitis - lymphocytic, collagenous and 'mast cell' colitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34:21-32.Texto completo  Resumen

22. Münch A, Sanders DS, Molloy-Bland M, et al. Undiagnosed microscopic colitis: a hidden cause of chronic diarrhoea and a frequently missed treatment opportunity. Frontline Gastroenterol. 2020;11(3):228-34.Texto completo  Resumen

23. Gibbons T, Fuchs GJ. Chronic enteropathy: clinical aspects. Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Pediatr Program. 2007;59:89-101. Resumen

24. de Saussure P, Hadengue A. Persistent diarrhea in the returned traveler. Rev Med Suisse. 2006;2:1235-1236, 1238-1239. Resumen

25. Diniz-Santos DR, Jambeiro J, Mascarenhas RR, et al. Massive Trichuris trichiura infection as a cause of chronic bloody diarrhea in a child. J Trop Pediatr. 2006;52:66-68. Resumen

26. Landzberg BR, Connor BA. Persistent diarrhea in the returning traveler: think beyond persistent infection. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2005;40:112-114. Resumen

27. Okhuysen PC. Traveler's diarrhea due to intestinal protozoa. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;33:110-114. Resumen

28. Nataro JP, Sears CL. Infectious causes of persistent diarrhea. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2001;20:195-196. Resumen

29. Altuntas B, Gul H, Yarali N, et al. Etiology of chronic diarrhea. Indian J Pediatr. 1999;66:657-661. Resumen

30. Feasey NA, Healey P, Gordon MA. The aetiology, investigation and management of diarrhoea in the HIV-positive patient. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2011;34:587-603. Resumen

31. Shane AL, Mody RK, Crump JA, et al. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 29;65(12):e45-e80.Texto completo  Resumen

32. Flanigan T, Whalen C, Turner J, et al. Cryptosporidium infection and CD4 counts. Ann Intern Med. 1992;116:840-842. Resumen

33. Talley NJ. Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in 2007 and Rome III: something new, something borrowed, something objective. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2007;7:97-105. Resumen

34. Gilkin RJ Jr. The spectrum of irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical review. Clin Ther. 2005;27:1696-1709. Resumen

35. Farthing MJ. Functional diarrhea. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005;7:350-357. Resumen

36. Makins R, Ballinger A. Gastrointestinal side effects of drugs. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2003;2:421-429. Resumen

37. Baker EH, Sandle GI. Complications of laxative abuse. Annu Rev Med. 1996;47:127-134. Resumen

38. Leffler DA, Dennis M, Hyett B, et al. Etiologies and predictors of diagnosis in nonresponsive celiac disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;5:445-450. Resumen

39. Leffler DA, Kelly CP. Update on the evaluation and diagnosis of celiac disease. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006;6:191-196. Resumen

40. Leffler D, Saha S, Farrell RJ. Celiac disease. Am J Manag Care. 2003;9:825-831. Resumen

41. Farrell RJ, Kelly CP. Celiac sprue. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 17;346(3):180-8. Resumen

42. Hofmann AF. Biliary secretion and excretion in health and disease: current concepts. Ann Hepatol. 2007;6:15-27. Resumen

43. Porter JL, Fordtran JS, Santa Ana CA, et al. Accurate enzymatic measurement of fecal bile acids in patients with malabsorption. J Lab Clin Med. 2003;141:411-418. Resumen

44. Lanzini A, Lanzarotto F. Review article: the 'mechanical pumps' and the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids - defects in coeliac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2000;14(suppl 2):58-61. Resumen

45. DiBaise JK, Paustian FF. Steatorrhea and weight loss in a 72-year-old man: primary biliary cirrhosis? Celiac disease? Bacterial overgrowth? What else? Am J Gastroenterol. 1998;93:2226-2230. Resumen

46. Bai J. Malabsorption syndromes. Digestion. 1998;59:530-546. Resumen

47. Craddock AL, Love MW, Daniel RW, et al. Expression and transport properties of the human ileal and renal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter. Am J Physiol. 1998;274:G157-69.​Texto completo

48. Rossi E, Lentze MJ. Clinical significance of enzymatic deficiencies in the gastrointestinal tract with particular reference to lactase deficiency. Ann Allergy. 1984;53:649-656. Resumen

49. Alpers DH, Seetharam B. Pathophysiology of diseases involving intestinal brush-border proteins. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:1047-1050. Resumen

50. Sibley E. Carbohydrate intolerance. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2004;20:162-167. Resumen

51. Riordan SM, Kim R. Bacterial overgrowth as a cause of irritable bowel syndrome. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006;22:669-673. Resumen

52. Elphick HL, Elphick DA, Sanders DS. Small bowel bacterial overgrowth. An under recognized cause of malnutrition in older adults. Geriatrics. 2006;61:21-26. Resumen

53. Van Citters GW, Lin HC. Management of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005;7:317-320. Resumen

54. Keller J, Franke A, Storr M, et al. Clinically relevant breath tests in gastroenterological diagnostics - recommendations of the German Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility as well as the German Society for Digestive and Metabolic Diseases [in German]. Z Gastroenterol. 2005;43:1071-1090. Resumen

55. Pimentel M, Saad RJ, Long MD, et al. ACG clinical guideline: small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Am J Gastroenterol. 2020 Feb;115(2):165-78.Texto completo  Resumen

56. Hammer HF, Fox MR, Keller J, et al. European guideline on indications, performance, and clinical impact of hydrogen and methane breath tests in adult and pediatric patients: European Association for Gastroenterology, Endoscopy and Nutrition, European Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, and European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition consensus. United European Gastroenterol J. 2022 Feb;10(1):15-40.Texto completo  Resumen

57. Losurdo G, Leandro G, Ierardi E, et al. Breath tests for the non-invasive diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2020 Jan 30;26(1):16-28.Texto completo  Resumen

58. David-Henriau L, Bui S, Molinari I, et al. Fecal elastase-1: a useful test in pediatric practice [in French]. Arch Pediatr. 2005;12:1221-1225. Resumen

59. Dominguez-Munoz JE. Pancreatic enzyme therapy for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2007;9:116-122. Resumen

60. DiMagno MJ, DiMagno EP. Chronic pancreatitis. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006;22:487-497. Resumen

61. Bricker LA, Such F, Loehrke ME, et al. Intractable diarrhea in hyperthyroidism: management with beta-adrenergic blockade. Endocr Pract. 2001;7:28-31. Resumen

62. Sharma S, Longo WE, Baniadam B, et al. Colorectal manifestations of endocrine disease. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995;38:318-323. Resumen

63. Alam MJ. Chronic refractory diarrhoea: a manifestation of endocrine disorders. Dig Dis. 1994;12:46-61. Resumen

64. Chandran M, Chu NV, Edelman SV. Gastrointestinal disturbances in diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2003;3:43-48. Resumen

65. Valdovinos MA, Camilleri M, Zimmerman BR. Chronic diarrhea in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and an approach to diagnosis and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc. 1993;68:691-702. Resumen

66. Spiller R. Role of motility in chronic diarrhoea. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2006;18:1045-1055. Resumen

67. Wilson SA, Rex DK. Endoscopic treatment of chronic radiation proctopathy. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2006;22:536-540. Resumen

68. Benson AB 3rd, Ajani JA, Catalano RB, et al. Recommended guidelines for the treatment of cancer treatment-induced diarrhea. J Clin Oncol. 2004;22:2918-2926. Resumen

69. Lee JJ, Furuta GT. Upper gastrointestinal tract eosinophilic disorders: pathobiology and management. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2006;8:439-442. Resumen

70. Baig MA, Qadir A, Rasheed J. A review of eosinophilic gastroenteritis. J Natl Med Assoc. 2006;98:1616-1619. Resumen

71. Sampson HA, Sicherer SH, Birnbaum AH. AGA technical review on the evaluation of food allergy in gastrointestinal disorders. Gastroenterology. 2001;120:1026-1040. Resumen

72. Sicherer SH. Clinical aspects of gastrointestinal food allergy in childhood. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1609-1616. Resumen

73. Butterfield JH, Murray JA. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis and gluten-sensitive enteropathy in the same patient. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2002;34:552-553. Resumen

74. Vanderhoof JA, Young RJ. Allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2001;4:553-556. Resumen

75. Westvik TS, Longo WE. Ischemic colitis. Rozhl Chir. 2005;84:476-481. Resumen

76. Sreenarasimhaiah J. Diagnosis and management of ischemic colitis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005;7:421-426. Resumen

77. Green BT, Tendler DA. Ischemic colitis: a clinical review. South Med J. 2005;98:217-222. Resumen

78. Misiakos EP, Macheras A, Kapetanakis T, et al. Short bowel syndrome: current medical and surgical trends. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2007;41:5-18. Resumen

79. Abell TL, Minocha A. Gastrointestinal complications of bariatric surgery: diagnosis and therapy. Am J Med Sci. 2006;331:214-218. Resumen

80. Carvajal SH, Mulvihill SJ. Postgastrectomy syndromes: dumping and diarrhea. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1994;23:261-279. Resumen

81. Eagon JC, Miedema BW, Kelly KA. Postgastrectomy syndromes. Surg Clin North Am. 1992;72:445-465. Resumen

82. Faucheron JL. Toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the large bowel. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;11:389-392. Resumen

83. Zalev AH, Gardiner GW, Warren RE. NSAID injury to the small intestine. Abdom Imaging. 1998;23:40-44. Resumen

84. Faucheron JL, Parc R. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced colitis. Int J Colorectal Dis. 1996;11:99-101. Resumen

85. Davies NM. Toxicity of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the large intestine. Dis Colon Rectum. 1995;38:1311-1321. Resumen

86. Zhang WY, Li GD, Liu WP, et al. Features of intestinal T-cell lymphomas in Chinese population without evidence of celiac disease and their close association with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Chin Med J (Engl). 2005;118:1542-1548. Resumen

87. Fine KD, Schiller LR. AGA technical review on the evaluation and management of chronic diarrhea. Gastroenterology. 1999;116:1464-1486. Resumen

88. Florent C, L'Hirondel C, Desmazures C, et al. Intestinal clearance of alpha 1-antitrypsin. A sensitive method for the detection of protein-losing enteropathy. Gastroenterology. 1981;81:777-780. Resumen

89. Sanders JE. Chronic graft-versus-host disease and late effects after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Int J Hematol. 2002;76(suppl 2):15-28. Resumen

90. Papadopoulou A, Lloyd DR, Williams MD, et al. Gastrointestinal and nutritional sequelae of bone marrow transplantation. Arch Dis Child. 1996;75:208-213. Resumen

91. Snover DC. Graft-versus-host disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Am J Surg Pathol. 1990;14(suppl 1):101-108. Resumen

92. Catassi C, Bearzi I, Holmes GK. Association of celiac disease and intestinal lymphomas and other cancers. Gastroenterology. 2005;128:S79-S86. Resumen

93. Ramakrishna BS, Venkataraman S, Mukhopadhya A. Tropical malabsorption. Postgrad Med J. 2006;82:779-787. Resumen

94. Nath SK. Tropical sprue. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2005;7:343-349. Resumen

95. Westergaard H. Tropical sprue. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol. 2004;7:7-11. Resumen

96. Rodriguez Leal G. Intestinal lymphangiectasia: a forgotten cause of chronic diarrhea. Rev Gastroenterol Mex. 2006;71:55-58. Resumen

97. Roy PK, Venzon DJ, Shojamanesh H, et al. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome: clinical presentation in 261 patients. Medicine (Baltimore). 2000 Nov;79(6):379-411. Resumen

98. ​Oberg K, Kvols L, Caplin M, et al. Consensus report on the use of somatostatin analogs for the management of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastroenteropancreatic system. Ann Oncol. 2004 Jun;15(6):966-73.Texto completo

99. Eads JR, Reidy-Lagunes D, Soares HP, et al. Differential diagnosis of diarrhea in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. Pancreas. 2020 Oct;49(9):1123-30.Texto completo  Resumen

100. Selimoglu MA, Esrefoglu M, Gundogdu C. Abetalipoproteinemia: a case report. Turk J Pediatr. 2001;43:243-245. Resumen

101. Berriot-Varoqueaux N, Aggerbeck LP, Samson-Bouma M. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and abetalipoproteinemia. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2000;61:125-129. Resumen

102. Ogershok PR, Hogan MB, Welch JE, et al. Spectrum of illness in pediatric common variable immunodeficiency. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;97:653-656. Resumen

103. Kalha I, Sellin JH. Common variable immunodeficiency and the gastrointestinal tract. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2004;6:377-383. Resumen

104. Luzi G, Zullo A, Iebba F, et al. Duodenal pathology and clinical-immunological implications in common variable immunodeficiency patients. Am J Gastroenterol. 2003;98:118-121. Resumen

105. Bloch-Michel C, Viallard JF, Blanco P, et al. Common variable immunodeficiency: 17 observations in the adult. Rev Med Interne. 2003;24:640-650. Resumen

106. el-Salhy M, Nyhlin N, Ando Y, et al. The neuroendocrine system and gastrointestinal complications in patients with familial amyloidosis and polyneuropathy. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1997;32:849-854. Resumen

107. Lovat LB, Pepys MB, Hawkins PN. Amyloid and the gut. Dig Dis. 1997;15:155-171. Resumen

108. Eganian GA, Arutiunian VM. Gastroenteropathies in patients with periodic disease and amyloidosis [in Russian]. Ter Arkh. 1990;62:79-85. Resumen