Avaliação da hipotensão

Brignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, et al. 2018 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jun 1;39(21):1883-948.Texto completo

McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo

Society of Critical Care Medicine; European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: hour-1 bundle: initial resuscitation for sepsis and septic shock. 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2022 May 3;145(18):e895-1032.Texto completo  Resumo

1. Gibson SJ, Helme RD. Age-related differences in pain perception and report. Clin Geriatr Med. 2001 Aug;17(3):433-56, v-vi. Resumo

2. Sigurdsson E, Thorgeirsson G, Sigvaldason N. Unrecognised myocardial infarction: epidemiology, clinical characteristics and the prognostic role of angina pectoris. The Reykjavik Study. Ann Intern Med. 1995 Jan 15;122(2):96-102. Resumo

3. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, et al. 2018 Practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension. Blood Press. 2018 Dec;27(6):314-40. Resumo

4. Frith J. Diagnosing orthostatic hypotension: a narrative review of the evidence. Br Med Bull. 2015 Sep;115(1):123-34.Texto completo  Resumo

5. Freeman R, Wieling W, Axelrod FB, et al. Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome. Clin Auton Res. 2011 Apr;21(2):69-72. Resumo

6. Haerlein J, Dassen T, Halfens RJ, et al. Fall risk factors in older people with dementia or cognitive impairment: a systematic review. J Adv Nurs. 2009 May;65(5):922-33. Resumo

7. Corsinovi L, Bo M, Ricauda- Aimonino N, et al. Outcomes in elderly patients admitted to an acute geriatric unit. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2009 Jul-Aug;49(1):142-5. Resumo

8. Rose BD, Post TW. Hypovolemic states. In: Clinical physiology of acid-base and electrolyte disorders. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2001:415-46.

9. McGee S, Abernethy WB 3rd, Simel DL. The rational clinical examination: is this patient hypovolemic? JAMA. 1999;281:1022-1029. Resumo

10. Portilla D, Andreoli TE. Disorders of extracellular volume. In: Johnson RJ, Feehally J, eds. Comprehensive clinical nephrology. London: Mosby International; 2007:77-91.

11. Gitz Holler J, Jensen HK, Henriksen DP, et al. Etiology of shock in the emergency department: A 12-year population-based cohort study. Shock. 2019 Jan;51(1):60-67.Texto completo  Resumo

12. Hochman JS. Cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: expanding the paradigm. Circulation. 2003 Jun 24;107(24):2998-3002.Texto completo  Resumo

13. Standl T, Annecke T, Cascorbi I, et al. The nomenclature, definition and distinction of types of shock. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018 Nov 9;115(45):757-768.Texto completo  Resumo

14. Hines OJ, Pandol SJ. Management of severe acute pancreatitis. BMJ. 2019 Dec 2;367:l6227.Texto completo  Resumo

15. Brignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, et al. 2018 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jun 1;39(21):1883-948.Texto completo

16. Asplund CA, O'Connor F G, Noakes TD. Exercise-associated collapse: an evidence-based review and primer for clinicians. Br J Sports Med. 2011 Nov;45(14):1157-62.Texto completo  Resumo

17. Cecconi M, De Backer D, Antonelli M, et al. Consensus on circulatory shock and hemodynamic monitoring. Task force of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Intensive Care Med. 2014 Dec;40(12):1795-815.Texto completo  Resumo

18. O'Driscoll BR, Howard LS, Earis J, et al. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. Thorax. 2017 Jun;72(suppl 1):ii1-90.Texto completo  Resumo

19. Hasler RM, Nuesch E, Jüni P, et al. Systolic blood pressure below 110 mmHg is associated with increased mortality in blunt major trauma patients: multicentre cohort study. Resuscitation. 2011 Sep;82(9):1202-7. Resumo

20. Wada H, Matsumoto T, Yamashita Y, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) according to four DIC guidelines. J Intensive Care. 2014 Feb 20;2(1):15.Texto completo  Resumo

21. Innerhofer P, Fries D, Mittermayr M, et al. Reversal of trauma-induced coagulopathy using first-line coagulation factor concentrates or fresh frozen plasma (RETIC): a single-centre, parallel-group, open-label, randomised trial. Lancet Haematol. 2017 Jun;4(6):e258-71. Resumo

22. Papageorgiou C, Jourdi G, Adjambri E, et al. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation: An Update on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Strategies. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2018 Dec;24(9_suppl):8S-28S.Texto completo  Resumo

23. Pollack CV Jr, Reilly PA, van Ryn J, et al. Idarucizumab for dabigatran reversal: full cohort analysis. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 3;377(5):431-41. Resumo

24. Gayet-Ageron A, Prieto-Merino D, Ker K, et al. Effect of treatment delay on the effectiveness and safety of antifibrinolytics in acute severe haemorrhage: a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data from 40 138 bleeding patients. Lancet. 2018 Jan 13;391(10116):125-32.Texto completo  Resumo

25. Chu DK, Kim LH, Young PJ, et al. Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1693-1705. Resumo

26. O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 Jul 1;82(1):E1-27.Texto completo  Resumo

27. McDonagh TA, Metra M, Adamo M, et al. 2021 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 21;42(36):3599-726.Texto completo

28. Stein PD, Gottschalk A, Saltzman MA, et al. Diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in the elderly. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1991 Nov 15;18(6):1452-7. Resumo

29. Panchal AR, Bartos JA, Cabañas JG, et al. Part 3: Adult basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020 Oct 20;142(16_suppl_2):S366-468.Texto completo

30. Perman SM, Elmer J, Maciel CB, et al. 2023 American Heart Association focused update on adult advanced cardiovascular life support: an update to the American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2024 Jan 30;149(5):e254-73.Texto completo  Resumo

31. American College of Surgeons. Advanced Trauma Life Support Student Course Manual. 2018 10th edition.

32. National Patient Safety Agency. Alert: Blood control safety cannula and needle thoracostomy for tension pneumothorax. April 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

33. Leigh-Smith S, Harris T. Tension pneumothorax: time for a re-think? Emerg Med J. 2005 Jan;22(1):8-16.Texto completo  Resumo

34. Jones R, Hollingsworth J. Tension pneumothoraces not responding to needle thoracocentesis. Emerg Med J. 2002 Mar;19(2):176-7.Texto completo  Resumo

35. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA. 2016 Feb 23;315(8):801-10.Texto completo  Resumo

36. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Suspected sepsis: recognition, diagnosis and early management. Mar 2024 [internet publication].Texto completo

37. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1063-143.Texto completo  Resumo

38. Warmerdam M, Baris L, van Liebergen M, et al. The association between systolic blood pressure and in-hospital mortality in older emergency department patients who are hospitalised with a suspected infection. Emerg Med J. 2018 Oct;35(10):619-622.Texto completo  Resumo

39. Royal College of Physicians. National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2. December 2017 [internet publication].Texto completo

40. American College of Emergency Physicians (ACEP) Expert Panel on Sepsis. DART: an evidence-driven tool to guide the early recognition and treatment of sepsis and septic shock. [internet publication].Texto completo

41. Academy of Medical Royal Colleges. Statement on the initial antimicrobial treatment of sepsis​. Oct 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

42. Schlapbach LJ, Watson RS, Sorce LR, et al. International consensus criteria for pediatric sepsis and septic shock. JAMA. 2024 Jan 21.Texto completo  Resumo

43. Society of Critical Care Medicine; European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: hour-1 bundle: initial resuscitation for sepsis and septic shock. 2019 [internet publication].Texto completo

44. Resuscitation Council UK. Guidance: Anaphylaxis. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

45. European Resuscitation Council. ERC Guidelines. 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

46. Rushworth RL, Torpy DJ, Falhammar H. Adrenal Crisis. N Engl J Med. 2019 Aug 29;381(9):852-861.Texto completo  Resumo

47. Pinsky MR. Hemodynamic evaluation and monitoring in the ICU. Chest. 2007 Dec;132(6):2020-9. Resumo

48. Rady MY, Rivers EP, Nowak RM. Resuscitation of the critically ill in the ED: responses of blood pressure, heart rate, shock index, central venous oxygen saturation, and lactate. Am J Emerg Med. 1996 Mar;14(2):218-25. Resumo

49. Monnet X, Marik P, Teboul JL. Passive leg raising for predicting fluid responsiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2016 Dec;42(12):1935-47. Resumo

50. Marik PE, Lemson J. Fluid responsiveness: an evolution of our understanding. Br J Anaesth. 2014 Apr;112(4):617-20.Texto completo  Resumo

51. Atkinson P, Bowra J, Milne J, et al. International Federation for Emergency Medicine Consensus Statement: Sonography in hypotension and cardiac arrest (SHoC): An international consensus on the use of point of care ultrasound for undifferentiated hypotension and during cardiac arrest. CJEM. 2017 Nov;19(6):459-70.Texto completo  Resumo

52. Atkinson PR, Milne J, Diegelmann L, et al. Does point-of-care ultrasonography improve clinical outcomes in emergency department patients with undifferentiated hypotension? An international randomized controlled trial from the SHoC-ED investigators. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Oct;72(4):478-489.Texto completo  Resumo

53. Warren J, Moazzez A, Chong V, et al. Narrowed pulse pressure predicts massive transfusion and emergent operative intervention following penetrating trauma. Am J Surg. 2019 Dec;218(6):1185-1188.Texto completo  Resumo

54. Reynolds HR, Hochman JS. Cardiogenic shock: current concepts and improving outcomes. Circulation. 2008 Feb 5;117(5):686-97.Texto completo  Resumo

55. Clinch D, Banerjee AK, Ostick G. Absence of abdominal pain in elderly patients with peptic ulcer disease. Age Ageing. 1984 Mar;13(2):120-3. Resumo

56. Liston R, McLoughlin R, Clinch D. Acute pneumothorax: A comparison of elderly with younger patients. Age Ageing. 1994 Sep;23(5):393-5. Resumo

57. Kuipers J, Verboom LM, Ipema KJR, et al. The prevalence of intradialytic hypotension in patients on conventional hemodialysis: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Am J Nephrol. 2019;49(6):497-506.Texto completo  Resumo

58. Kamaruzzaman S, Watt H, Carson C, et al. The association between orthostatic hypotension and medication use in the British Women's Heart and Health Study. Age Ageing. 2010 Jan;39(1):51-6. Resumo

59. Wynne HA, Schofield S. Drug-induced orthostatic hypotension. In: Kenny RA ,ed. Syncope in the older patient: causes, investigations and consequences of syncope and falls. London: Chapman & Hall. 1996:137-54.

60. Maxwell EN, Johnson B, Cammilleri J, et al. Intravenous acetaminophen-induced hypotension: A review of the current literature. Ann Pharmacother. 2019 Oct;53(10):1033-1041.Texto completo  Resumo

61. Heidenreich PA, Bozkurt B, Aguilar D, et al. 2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA guideline for the management of heart failure: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines. Circulation. 2022 May 3;145(18):e895-1032.Texto completo  Resumo

62. Hanna FWF, Issa BG, Kevil B, et al. Investigating cortisol excess or deficiency: a practical approach. BMJ. 2019 Nov 26;367:l6039.Texto completo  Resumo

63. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Anaphylaxis: assessment and referral after emergency treatment. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo

64. Kusminsky RE. Complications of central venous catheterization. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Apr;204(4):681-96.Texto completo  Resumo

65. McGee DC, Gould MK. Preventing complications of central venous catheterization. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 20;348(12):1123-33.Texto completo  Resumo

66. Smith RN, Nolan JP. Central venous catheters. BMJ. 2013 Nov 11;347:f6570.Texto completo  Resumo

67. Reich DL. Monitoring in anesthesia and perioperative care. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2011.

68. Abbott Northwestern Hospital Internal Medicine Residency. Internal jugular central venous line. 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

69. Bishop L, Dougherty L, Bodenham A, et al. Guidelines on the insertion and management of central venous access devices in adults. Int J Lab Hematol. 2007 Aug;29(4):261-78.Texto completo  Resumo

70. Practice guidelines for central venous access 2020: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Central Venous Access. Anesthesiology. 2020 Jan;132(1):8-43.Texto completo  Resumo

71. Fletcher SJ, Bodenham AR. Safe placement of central venous catheters: where should the tip of the catheter lie? Br J Anaesth. 2000 Aug;85(2):188-91.Texto completo

72. Gibson F, Bodenham A. Misplaced central venous catheters: applied anatomy and practical management. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Mar;110(3):333-46.Texto completo

73. Schuster M, Nave H, Piepenbrock S, et al. The carina as a landmark in central venous catheter placement. Br J Anaesth. 2000 Aug;85(2):192-4.Texto completo

74. Webster J, Osborne S, Rickard CM, et al. Clinically-indicated replacement versus routine replacement of peripheral venous catheters. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Jan 23;1(1):CD007798.Texto completo  Resumo

75. Simundic AM, Bölenius K, Cadamuro J, et al. Joint EFLM-COLABIOCLI recommendation for venous blood sampling. Clin Chem Lab Med 2018;56(12):2015-38. Resumo

76. Wieling W, Thijs RD, van Dijk N, et al. Symptoms and signs of syncope: a review of the link between physiology and clinical clues. Brain. 2009 Oct;132(Pt 10):2630-42. Resumo

77. Bannister R. Chronic autonomic failure with postural hypotension. Lancet. 1979 Aug 25;2(8139):404-6. Resumo

78. Mathias CJ, Bannister R. Clinical features and evaluation of the primary chronic autonomic failure syndromes. In: Bannister R, Mathias CJ eds. Autonomic failure: A textbook of clinical disorders of the autonomic nervous system. 4th ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press;1999:562

79. Wang AK, Fealey RD, Gehrking TL, et al. Patterns of neuropathy and autonomic failure in patients with amyloidosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008 Nov;83(11):1226-30.Texto completo  Resumo

80. Hiorth YH, Pedersen KF, Dalen I, et al. Orthostatic hypotension in Parkinson disease: A 7-year prospective population-based study. Neurology. 2019 Oct 15;93(16):e1526-e1534.Texto completo  Resumo

81. Moore A, Ryan J, Watts M et al. Orthostatic tolerance in older patients with vitamin B12 deficiency before and after vitamin B12 replacement. Clin Auton Res. 2004 Apr;14(2):67-71. Resumo

82. Sarasin FP, Louis-Simonet M, Caraballo D, et al. Prevalence of orthostatic hypotension among patients with syncope in the ED. Am J Emerg Med. 2002 Oct;20(6):497-501. Resumo

83. Kenny RA, Richardson DA. Carotid sinus syndrome and falls in older adults. Am J Geriatr Cardiol. 2001 Mar-Apr;10(2):97-9. Resumo

84. Kenny RA, Bayliss J, Ingram A, et al. Head-Up tilt table testing: a useful test for investigating unexplained falls. Lancet. 1986;i:1352-54.

85. Kearney F, Moore A, Donegan C. Orthostatic hypotension in older adults. Rev Clin Gerontol. 2007;17(4):259-75.

86. Batlle D, Chen S, Haque S. Physiological principles in the clinical evaluation of electrolyte, water, and acid-base disorders. In: Alpern RJ, Caplan MJ, Moe OW, eds. Seldin and Giebisch's the kidney: physiology and pathophysiology. 5th ed. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 2012:2477-512.

87. Oakland K, Chadwick G, East JE, et al. Diagnosis and management of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: guidelines from the British Society of Gastroenterology. Gut. 2019 May;68(5):776-89.Texto completo  Resumo

88. Siegel CL, Cohan RH, Korobkin M, et al. Abdominal aortic aneurysm morphology: CT features in patients with ruptured and nonruptured aneurysms. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1994 Nov;163(5):1123-9.Texto completo  Resumo

89. Dent B, Kendall RJ, Boyle AA, et al. Emergency ultrasound of the abdominal aorta by UK emergency physicians: a prospective cohort study. Emerg Med J. 2007 Aug;24(8):547-9. Resumo

90. The PIOPED Investigators. Value of the ventilation/perfusion scan in acute pulmonary embolism. Results of the prospective investigation of pulmonary embolism diagnosis (PIOPED). JAMA. 1990 May 23-30;263(20):2753-9. Resumo

91. Rompianesi G, Hann A, Komolafe O, et al. Serum amylase and lipase and urinary trypsinogen and amylase for diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Apr 21;4:CD012010.Texto completo  Resumo

92. Hassan SA, Banchs J, Iliescu C, et al. Carcinoid heart disease. Heart. 2017 Oct;103(19):1488-95. Resumo