Evaluación de la mononeuropatía del par craneal

Referencias

Artículos principales

Richards BW, Jones FR Jr, Younge BR. Causes and prognosis in 4,278 cases of paralysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992;113:489-496. Resumen

Erman AB, Kejner AE, Hogikyan ND, et al. Disorders of cranial nerves IX and X. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:85-92. Resumen

Afifi AK, Bergman RA. Functional neuroanatomy: text and atlas. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2005.

Newman NJ, Dickersin K, Kaufman D, et al. Characteristics of patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eligible for the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114:1366-1374. Resumen

Optic Neuritis Study Group. The clinical profile of optic neuritis: experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:1673-1678. Resumen

Ayberk G, Özveren MF, Yildirim T, et al. Review of a series with abducens nerve palsy. Turk Neurosurg. 2008;18:366-373.Texto completo  Resumen

Jacobson DM, Trobe JD. The emerging role of magnetic resonance angiography in the management of patients with third cranial nerve palsy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;128:94-96. Resumen

Artículos de referencia

1. Moran DT, Rowley JC 3rd, Jafek BW, et al. The fine structure of the olfactory mucosa in man. J Neurocytol. 1982;11:721-746. Resumen

2. Doty RL. The olfactory system and its disorders. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:74-81. Resumen

3. Gottfried JA, Deichmann R, Winston JS, et al. Functional heterogeneity in human olfactory cortex: an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J Neurosci. 2002;22:10819-10828.Texto completo  Resumen

4. Damodaran O, Rizk E, Rodriguez J, et al. Cranial nerve assessment: a concise guide to clinical examination. Clin Anat. 2014 Jan;27(1):25-30.Texto completo  Resumen

5. Doty RL, Shaman P, Dann M. Development of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test: a standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function. Physiol Behav. 1984;32:489-502. Resumen

6. Selhorst JB, Chen Y. The optic nerve. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:29-35. Resumen

7. Curcio CA, Allen KA. Topography of ganglion cells in human retina. J Comp Neurol. 1990;300:5-25. Resumen

8. Brazis PW. Isolated palsies of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:14-28. Resumen

9. Holmes JM, Mutyala S, Maus TL, et al. Pediatric third, fourth, and sixth nerve palsies: a population-based study. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;127:388-392. Resumen

10. Richards BW, Jones FR Jr, Younge BR. Causes and prognosis in 4,278 cases of paralysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992;113:489-496. Resumen

11. Nemzek WR. The trigeminal nerve. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 1996;8:132-154. Resumen

12. Erman AB, Kejner AE, Hogikyan ND, et al. Disorders of cranial nerves IX and X. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:85-92. Resumen

13. Snell RS. Clinical neuroanatomy. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001.

14. Remley KB, Harnsberger HR, Smoker WR, et al. CT and MRI in the evaluation of glossopharyngeal, vagal, and spinal accessory neuropathy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 1987;8:284-300.

15. Afifi AK, Bergman RA. Functional neuroanatomy: text and atlas. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2005.

16. Castillo M, Mukherji SK. Magnetic resonance imaging of cranial nerves IX, X, XI, and XII. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 1996;8:180-186. Resumen

17. Parent A. Carpenter's human neuroanatomy. 9th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 1996.

18. Massey EW. Spinal accessory nerve lesions. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:82-84. Resumen

19. Warwick R, Williams PL. Gray's anatomy. 35th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 1973.

20. Lalwani AK. Current diagnosis and treatment in otolaryngology: head and neck surgery. 2nd ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2007.

21. Deutsch PG, Evans C, Wahid NW, et al. Anosmia: an evidence-based approach to diagnosis and management in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2021;71(704):135-138.Texto completo  Resumen

22. Deems DA, Doty RL, Settle RG, et al. Smell and taste disorders, a study of 750 patients from the University of Pennsylvania Smell and Taste Center. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1991;117:519-528. Resumen

23. Doty RL, Yousem DM, Pham LT, et al. Olfactory dysfunction in patients with head trauma. Arch Neurol. 1997 Sep;54(9):1131-40.Texto completo  Resumen

24. Reden J, Mueller A, Mueller C, et al. Recovery of olfactory function following closed head injury or infections of the upper respiratory tract. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2006 Mar;132(3):265-9.Texto completo  Resumen

25. Marin C, Vilas D, Langdon C, et al. Olfactory Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2018 Jun 15;18(8):42.Texto completo  Resumen

26. Zou YM, Lu D, Liu LP, et al. Olfactory dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016;12:869-75.Texto completo  Resumen

27. Doty RL, Li C, Mannon LJ, et al. Olfactory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:1918-1919. Resumen

28. Schwob JE, Szumowski KE, Leopold DA, et al. Histopathology of olfactory mucosa in Kallmann's syndrome. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1993;102:117-122. Resumen

29. Lotfipour S, Chiles K, Kahn JA, et al. An unusual presentation of subfrontal meningioma: a case report and literature review for Foster Kennedy syndrome. Intern Emerg Med. 2011 Jun;6(3):267-9.Texto completo  Resumen

30. Newman NJ, Dickersin K, Kaufman D, et al. Characteristics of patients with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy eligible for the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 1996;114:1366-1374. Resumen

31. Hayreh SS, Joos KM, Podhajsky PA, et al. Systemic diseases associated with nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1994;118:766-780. Resumen

32. Stiebel-Kalish H, Hasanreisoglu M, Leibovici L. Aspirin following non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuro-Ophthalmol. 2010;34:14-19.

33. Repka MX, Savino PJ, Schatz NJ, et al. Clinical profile and long-term implications of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1983;96:478-483. Resumen

34. Nagel MA, Bennett JL, Khmeleva N, et al. Multifocal VZV vasculopathy with temporal artery infection mimics giant cell arteritis. Neurology. 2013;80:2017-2021.Texto completo  Resumen

35. Optic Neuritis Study Group. Multiple sclerosis risk after optic neuritis: final Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial follow-up. Arch Neurol. 2008;65:727-732.Texto completo  Resumen

36. Optic Neuritis Study Group. The clinical profile of optic neuritis: experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. Arch Ophthalmol. 1991;109:1673-1678. Resumen

37. Beck RW, Gal RL, Bhatti MT, et al. Visual function more than 10 years after optic neuritis: experience of the Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2004;137:77-83. Resumen

38. Phillips YL, Eggenberger ER. Neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010 Nov;21(6):423-9.Texto completo  Resumen

39. Patterson SL, Goglin SE. Neuromyelitis Optica. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2017 Nov;43(4):579-591.Texto completo  Resumen

40. Noble MJ, McFadzean R. Indirect injury to the optic nerves and optic chiasm. Neuroophthalmology. 1987;7:341-348.Texto completo

41. Borit A, Richardson EP Jr. The biological and clinical behaviour of pilocytic astrocytomas of the optic pathways. Brain. 1982;105:161-187. Resumen

42. Chun BY, Rizzo JF 3rd. Dominant Optic Atrophy and Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy: Update on Clinical Features and Current Therapeutic Approaches. Semin Pediatr Neurol. 2017 May;24(2):129-134.Texto completo  Resumen

43. Newman NJ, Lott MT, Wallace DC. The clinical characteristics of pedigrees of Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy with the 11778 mutation. Am J Ophthalmol. 1991;111:750-762. Resumen

44. Lanzillotta M, Mancuso G, Della-Torre E. Advances in the diagnosis and management of IgG4 related disease. BMJ. 2020 Jun 16;369:m1067.Texto completo  Resumen

45. Marinelli JP, Marvisi C, Vaglio A, et al. Manifestations of Skull Base IgG4-Related Disease: A Multi-Institutional Study. Laryngoscope. 2020 Nov;130(11):2574-2580.Texto completo  Resumen

46. Grzybowski A, Zülsdorff M, Wilhelm H, et al. Toxic optic neuropathies: an updated review. Acta Ophthalmol. 2015 Aug;93(5):402-10.Texto completo  Resumen

47. Newman NJ. Optic neuropathy. Neurology. 1996;46:315-322. Resumen

48. Renowden SA, Harris KM, Hourihan MD. Isolated atraumatic third nerve palsy: clinical features and imaging techniques. Br J Radiol. 1993;66:1111-1117. Resumen

49. Lee AG, Onan HW, Brazis PW, et al. An imaging guide to the evaluation of third cranial nerve palsies. Strabismus. 1999;7:153-168. Resumen

50. Giraud P, Valade D, Lanteri-Minet M, et al. Is migraine with cranial nerve palsy an ophthalmoplegic migraine? J Headache Pain. 2007 Apr;8(2):119-22.Texto completo  Resumen

51. Baker RS, Epstein AD. Ocular motor abnormalities from head trauma. Surv Ophthalmol. 1991;35:245-267. Resumen

52. Neetens A, Van Aerde F. Extra-ocular muscle palsy from minor head trauma: initial sign of intracranial tumour. Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 1981;193:161-167. Resumen

53. Bijlsma MW, Brouwer MC, Kasanmoentalib ES, et al. Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults in the Netherlands, 2006-14: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016;16:339-347. Resumen

54. Anwar S, Nalla S, Fernando DJ. Abducens nerve palsy as a complication of lumbar puncture. Eur J Intern Med. 2008;19:636-637. Resumen

55. Ayberk G, Özveren MF, Yildirim T, et al. Review of a series with abducens nerve palsy. Turk Neurosurg. 2008;18:366-373.Texto completo  Resumen

56. Davies GE, Shakir RA. Giant cell arteritis presenting as oculomotor nerve palsy with pupillary dilatation. Postgrad Med J. 1994;70:298-299.Texto completo  Resumen

57. Rush JA, Younge BR. Paralysis of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI: cause and prognosis in 1,000 cases. Arch Ophthalmol. 1981;99:76-79. Resumen

58. Galbraith RS. Incidence of neonatal sixth nerve palsy in relation to mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;170:1158-1159. Resumen

59. Markey KA, Mollan SP, Jensen RH, et al. Understanding idiopathic intracranial hypertension: mechanisms, management, and future directions. Lancet Neurol. 2016 Jan;15(1):78-91.Texto completo  Resumen

60. Donahue SP, Taylor RJ. Pupil-sparing third nerve palsy associated with sildenafil citrate (Viagra). Am J Ophthalmol. 1998;126:476-477. Resumen

61. Migita DS, Devereaux MW, Tomsak RL. Cocaine and pupillary-sparing oculomotor nerve paresis. Neurology. 1997;49:1466-1467. Resumen

62. Cruccu G, Finnerup NB, Jensen TS, et al. Trigeminal neuralgia: New classification and diagnostic grading for practice and research. Neurology. 2016 Jul 12;87(2):220-8.Texto completo  Resumen

63. Tanrikulu L, Hastreiter P, Bassemir T, et al. New Clinical and Morphologic Aspects in Trigeminal Neuralgia. World Neurosurg. 2016 Aug;92:189-196.Texto completo  Resumen

64. Bennetto L, Patel NK, Fuller G. Trigeminal neuralgia and its management. BMJ. 2007;334:201-205. Resumen

65. Krafft RM. Trigeminal neuralgia. Am Fam Physician. 2008;77:1291-1296.Texto completo  Resumen

66. Prasad S, Galetta SL. The trigeminal nerve. In: Goetz CG, ed. Textbook of clinical neurology. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 2007:165-184.

67. Siccoli MM, Bassetti CL, Sandor PS. Facial pain: clinical differential diagnosis. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:257-267. Resumen

68. Feller L, Khammissa RAG, Fourie J, et al. Postherpetic Neuralgia and Trigeminal Neuralgia. Pain Res Treat. 2017;2017:1681765.Texto completo  Resumen

69. Rosenbaum R. Neuromuscular complications of connective tissue diseases. Muscle Nerve. 2001;24:154-169. Resumen

70. Yuliati A, Rajamani K. Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome. Neurohospitalist. 2018 Apr;8(2):104-105.Texto completo  Resumen

71. Gilchrist JM. Seventh cranial neuropathy. Semin Neurol. 2009;29:5-13. Resumen

72. Murakami S, Mizobuchi M, Nakashiro Y, et al. Bell palsy and herpes simplex virus: identification of viral DNA in endoneurial fluid and muscle. Ann Intern Med. 1996;12427-12430. Resumen

73. Eviston TJ, Croxson GR, Kennedy PG, et al. Bell's palsy: aetiology, clinical features and multidisciplinary care. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Dec;86(12):1356-61.Texto completo  Resumen

74. Gagyor I, Madhok VB, Daly F, et al. Antiviral treatment for Bell's palsy (idiopathic facial paralysis). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Sep 5;9:CD001869.Texto completo  Resumen

75. Sweeney CJ, Gilden DH. Ramsay Hunt syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001;71:149-154.Texto completo  Resumen

76. Kvestad E, Kvaerner KJ, Mair IW. Otologic facial palsy: etiology, onset, and symptom duration. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2002;111:598-602. Resumen

77. Pachner AR, Steere AC. The triad of neurologic manifestations of Lyme disease: meningitis, cranial neuritis, and radiculoneuritis. Neurology. 1985;35:47-53. Resumen

78. Pihlamaa T, Salmi T, Suominen S, et al. Progressive cranial nerve involvement and grading of facial paralysis in gelsolin amyloidosis. Muscle Nerve. 2016;53:762-769. Resumen

79. Shambaugh GE Jr, Clemis JD. Facial nerve paralysis. In: Paparella MM, Shumrick DA, eds. Otolaryngology, vol 2. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders; 1973:275.

80. Baloh RW. Clinical practice: vestibular neuritis. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1027-1032. Resumen

81. Shirley SG, Folmer RL, McMenomey SO. Tinnitus and hyperacusis. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Harker LA, et al, eds. Cummings otolaryngology: head and neck surgery, vol 4. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2005:354-355, 2832-3243.

82. Lanvers-Kaminsky C, Zehnhoff-Dinnesen AA, Parfitt R, et al. Drug-induced ototoxicity: Mechanisms, Pharmacogenetics, and protective strategies. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Apr;101(4):491-500.Texto completo  Resumen

83. De Simone R, Ranieri A, Bilo L, et al. Cranial neuralgias: from physiopathology to pharmacological treatment. Neurol Sci. 2008;29(suppl 1):S69-S78. Resumen

84. Mulpuru SK, Vasavada BC, Punukollu GK, et al. Cardiovocal syndrome: a systematic review. Heart Lung Circ. 2008;17:1-4. Resumen

85. Massey EW, Heyman A, Utley C, et al. Cranial nerve paralysis following carotid endarterectomy. Stroke. 1984;15:157-159.Texto completo  Resumen

86. de Beer F, Post B. Teaching neuroimages: Villaret syndrome. Neurology. 2010 Aug 31;75(9):e43.Texto completo  Resumen

87. McGill F, Heyderman RS, Michael BD, et al. The UK joint specialist societies guideline on the diagnosis and management of acute meningitis and meningococcal sepsis in immunocompetent adults. J Infect. 2016 Apr;72(4):405-38.Texto completo  Resumen

88. Mackie SL, Dejaco C, Appenzeller S, et al. British Society for Rheumatology guideline on diagnosis and treatment of giant cell arteritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2020 Mar 1;59(3):e1-e23.Texto completo  Resumen

89. Khaku A, Patel V, Zacharia T, et al. Guidelines for radiographic imaging of cranial neuropathies. Ear Nose Throat J. 2017 Oct-Nov;96(10-11):E23-E39.Texto completo  Resumen

90. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: cranial neuropathy. 2022 [internet publication].Texto completo

91. Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging: Kennedy TA, Corey AS, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Orbits Vision and Visual Loss. J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 May;15(5s):S116-S131.Texto completo  Resumen

92. Wingerchuk DM, Lennon VA, Lucchinetti CF, et al. The spectrum of neuromyelitis optica. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:805-815. Resumen

93. Frisen L, Royt WF, Tengroth BM. Optociliary veins, disc pallor and visual loss: a triad of signs indicating spheno-orbital meningioma. Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1973;51:241-249. Resumen

94. Balcer LJ, Galetta SL, Bagley LJ, et al. Localization of traumatic oculomotor nerve palsy to the midbrain exit site by magnetic resonance imaging. Am J Ophthalmol. 1996;122:437-439. Resumen

95. Jacobson DM, Trobe JD. The emerging role of magnetic resonance angiography in the management of patients with third cranial nerve palsy. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;128:94-96. Resumen

96. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Headaches in over 12s: diagnosis and management. Dec 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

97. Miller NR. Unequal pupils can be seen in diabetic 3rd nerve palsy. Evid Based Eye Care. 1999;1:40-41.

98. Kim JH, Hwang JM, Hwang YS, et al. Childhood ocular myasthenia gravis. Ophthalmology. 2003;110:1458-1462. Resumen

99. Moster ML, Savino PJ, Sergott RC, et al. Isolated sixth-nerve palsies in younger adults. Arch Ophthalmol. 1984;102:1328-1330. Resumen

100. Schumacher-Feero LA, Yoo KW, Solari FM, et al. Third cranial nerve palsy in children. Am J Ophthalmol. 1999;128:216-221. Resumen

101. Green WR, Hackett ER, Schlezinger NS. Neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation of oculomotor nerve paralysis. Arch Ophthalmol. 1964;72:154-167. Resumen

102. Katusic S, Beard CM, Bergstralth E, et al. Incidence and clinical features of trigeminal neuralgia, Rochester, Minnesota, 1945-1984. Ann Neurol. 1990;27:89-95. Resumen

103. Olney RK. Neuropathies associated with connective tissue disease. Semin Neurol. 1998;18:63-72. Resumen

104. Expert Panel on Neurologic Imaging: Salmela MB, Mortazavi S, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Cerebrovascular Disease. J Am Coll Radiol. 2017 May;14(5s):S34-S61.Texto completo  Resumen

105. Korzec K, Sobol SM, Kubal W, et al. Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the facial nerve in herpes zoster oticus and Bell's palsy: clinical implications. Am J Otol. 1991;12:163-168. Resumen

106. Gilliatt RW, Taylor JC. Electrical changes following section of the facial nerve. Proc R Soc Med. 1959;52:1080-1083.Texto completo  Resumen

107. Goldbrunner R, Weller M, Regis J, et al. EANO guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of vestibular schwannoma. Neuro Oncol. 2020 Jan 11;22(1):31-45.Texto completo  Resumen

108. Rapana A, Lamaida E, Bracale C, et al. Glossopharyngeal schwannoma, an uncommon posterior fossa tumor: diagnostical and therapeutical aspects: a case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 1997;99:196-198. Resumen

109. Campbell WW. DeJong's the neurologic examination. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2005.

110. McGinley MP, Goldschmidt CH, Rae-Grant AD. Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review. JAMA. 2021 Feb 23;325(8):765-779.Texto completo  Resumen

111. Aringer M, Brinks R, Dörner T, et al. European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) SLE classification criteria item performance. Ann Rheum Dis. 2021 Feb 10;:.Texto completo  Resumen

112. Mead P, Petersen J, Hinckley A. Updated CDC Recommendation for Serologic Diagnosis of Lyme Disease. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019 Aug 16;68(32):703.Texto completo  Resumen

113. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Lyme disease. Oct 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

El uso de este contenido está sujeto a nuestra cláusula de exención de responsabilidad