Leucemia mieloide aguda

Referencias

Artículos principales

Döhner H, Wei AH, Appelbaum FR, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2022 recommendations from an international expert panel on behalf of the ELN. Blood. 2022 Sep 22;140(12):1345-77.Texto completo  Resumen

National Cancer Comprehensive Network. NCCN guidelines: acute myeloid leukemia [internet publication].Texto completo

Heuser M, Ofran Y, Boissel N, et al. Acute myeloid leukaemia in adult patients: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2020 Jun;31(6):697-712.Texto completo  Resumen

Sekeres MA, Guyatt G, Abel G, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for treating newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in older adults. Blood Adv. 2020 Aug 11;4(15):3528-49.Texto completo  Resumen

Sanz MA, Fenaux P, Tallman MS, et al. Management of acute promyelocytic leukemia: updated recommendations from an expert panel of the European LeukemiaNet. Blood. 2019 Apr 11;133(15):1630-43.Texto completo  Resumen

Artículos de referencia

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2. Arber DA, Orazi A, Hasserjian RP, et al. International Consensus Classification of Myeloid Neoplasms and Acute Leukemias: integrating morphologic, clinical, and genomic data. Blood. 2022 Sep 15;140(11):1200-28.Texto completo  Resumen

3. Röllig C, Ehninger G. How I treat hyperleukocytosis in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2015 May 21;125(21):3246-52.Texto completo  Resumen

4. Bewersdorf JP, Zeidan AM. Hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis in acute myeloid leukemia: can a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathophysiology lead to novel treatments? Cells. 2020 Oct 17;9(10):2310.Texto completo  Resumen

5. National Cancer Institute. Cancer stat facts: leukemia - acute myeloid leukemia (AML) [internet publication].Texto completo

6. Cancer Research UK. Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) incidence statistics. Sep 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

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24. Döhner H, Wei AH, Appelbaum FR, et al. Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2022 recommendations from an international expert panel on behalf of the ELN. Blood. 2022 Sep 22;140(12):1345-77.Texto completo  Resumen

25. Taub JW, Berman JN, Hitzler JK, et al. Improved outcomes for myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome: a report from the Children's Oncology Group AAML0431 trial. Blood. 2017 Jun 22;129(25):3304-13.Texto completo  Resumen

26. Jalbut MM, Sohani AR, Dal Cin P, et al. Acute myeloid leukemia in a patient with constitutional 47,XXY karyotype. Leuk Res Rep. 2015;4(1):28-30.Texto completo  Resumen

27. Herold T, Metzeler KH, Vosberg S, et al. Isolated trisomy 13 defines a homogeneous AML subgroup with high frequency of mutations in spliceosome genes and poor prognosis. Blood. 2014 Aug 21;124(8):1304-11.Texto completo  Resumen

28. Forestier E, Israeli S, Beverloo B, et al. Cytogenetic features of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemias in pediatric patients with Down syndrome: an iBFM-SG study. Blood. 2008 Feb 1;111(3):1575-83. Resumen

29. Fircanis S, Merriam P, Khan N, et al. The relation between cigarette smoking and risk of acute myeloid leukemia: an updated meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Am J Hematol. 2014 Aug;89(8):E125-32.Texto completo  Resumen

30. Colamesta V, D'Aguanno S, Breccia M, et al. Do the smoking intensity and duration, the years since quitting, the methodological quality and the year of publication of the studies affect the results of the meta-analysis on cigarette smoking and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in adults? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2016 Mar;99:376-88. Resumen

31. Mele A, Szklo M, Visani G, et al. Hair dye use and other risk factors for leukemia and pre-leukemia: a case control study. Italian Leukemia Study Group. Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Mar 15;139(6):609-19. Resumen

32. Williams RR, Horm JW. Association of cancer sites with tobacco and alcohol consumption and socioeconomic status of patients: interview study from the Third National Cancer Survey. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1977 Mar;58(3):525-47. Resumen

33. Towle KM, Grespin ME, Monnot AD. Personal use of hair dyes and risk of leukemia: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Cancer Med. 2017 Oct;6(10):2471-86.Texto completo  Resumen

34. Rota M, Porta L, Pelucchi C, et al. Alcohol drinking and risk of leukemia-a systematic review and meta-analysis of the dose-risk relation. Cancer Epidemiol. 2014 Aug;38(4):339-45. Resumen

35. Blair A, Zahm SH, Pearce NE, et al. Clues to cancer etiology from studies of farmers. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1992 Aug;18(4):209-15. Resumen

36. Metayer C, Johnson ES, Rice JC. Nested case-control study of tumors of the hemopoietic and lymphatic systems among workers in the meat industry. Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Apr 15;147(8):727-38.Texto completo  Resumen

37. Bethwaite P, McLean D, Kennedy J, et al. Adult-onset acute leukemia and employment in the meat industry: a New Zealand case-control study. Cancer Causes Control. 2001 Sep;12(7):635-43. Resumen

38. Pedersen-Bjeregaard J, Andersen MT, Andersen MK. Genetic pathways in the pathogenesis of therapy-related myelodysplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2007:392-397.Texto completo  Resumen

39. Youn BS, Mantel C, Broxmeyer HE. Chemokines, chemokine receptors and hematopoiesis. Immunol Rev. 2000 Oct;177:150-74. Resumen

40. Anderlini P, Luna M, Kantarjian HM, et al. Causes of initial remission induction failure in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplatic syndromes. Leukemia. 1996 Apr;10(4):600-8. Resumen

41. Seymour JF, Pierce SA, Kantarjian H, et al. Investigation of karyotypic, morphologic and clinical features in patients with acute myeloid leukemia blast cells expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56). Leukemia. 1994 May;8(5):823-6. Resumen

42. Li FP, Fraumeni JF Jr. Soft-tissue sarcomas, breast cancer, and other neoplasms. A familial syndrome? Ann Intern Med. 1969 Oct;71(4):747-52. Resumen

43. Smith ML, Cavenagh JD, Lister TA, et al. Mutation of CEBPA in familial acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2004 Dec 2;351(23):2403-7.Texto completo  Resumen

44. Bader J, Miller R. Neurofibromatosis and childhood leukemia. J Pediatr. 1978 Jun;92(6):925-9. Resumen

45. Shimizu Y, Schull WJ, Kato H. Cancer risk among atomic bomb survivors. The RERF Life Span Study. Radiation Effects Research Foundation. JAMA. 1990 Aug 1;264(5):601-4. Resumen

46. Guru Murthy GS, Abedin S. Myeloid malignancies after treatment for solid tumours. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2019 Mar;32(1):40-6. Resumen

47. Rinsky RA, Smith AB, Hornung R, et al. Benzene and leukemia. An epidemiologic risk assessment. N Engl J Med. 1987 Apr 23;316(17):1044-50. Resumen

48. Kok PW, Ong CN. Blood and urinary benzene determined by headspace gas chromatography with photoionization detection: application in biological monitoring or low-level nonoccupational exposure. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1994;66(3):195-201. Resumen

49. Hayes RB, Yin SN, Doemeci M, et al. Benzene and the dose-related incidence of hematologic neoplasms in China. Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine-National Cancer Institute Benzene Study Group. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Jul 16;89(14):1065-71.Texto completo  Resumen

50. Lan Q, Zhang L, Li G, et al. Hematotoxicity in workers exposed to low levels of benzene. Science. 2004 Dec 3;306(5702):1774-6.Texto completo  Resumen

51. National Cancer Comprehensive Network. NCCN guidelines: acute myeloid leukemia [internet publication].Texto completo

52. Howard SC, Jones DP, Pui CH. The tumor lysis syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2011 May 12;364(19):1844-54.Texto completo  Resumen

53. Taylor FB Jr, Toh CH, Hoots WK, et al. Towards definition, clinical and laboratory criteria, and a scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thromb Haemost. 2001 Nov;86(5):1327-30. Resumen

54. Arber DA, Borowitz MJ, Cessna M, et al. Initial diagnostic workup of acute leukemia: guideline from the College of American Pathologists and the American Society of Hematology. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017 Oct;141(10):1342-93.Texto completo  Resumen

55. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and tyrosine kinase gene fusions​ [internet publication].Texto completo

56. Killick SB, Bown N, Cavenagh J, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of adult aplastic anaemia. Br J Haematol. 2016 Jan;172(2):187-207.Texto completo  Resumen

57. Majhail NS, Rizzo JD, Lee SJ, et al. Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2012 Mar;47(3):337-41. Resumen

58. Heuser M, Ofran Y, Boissel N, et al. Acute myeloid leukaemia in adult patients: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2020 Jun;31(6):697-712.Texto completo  Resumen

59. Sekeres MA, Guyatt G, Abel G, et al. American Society of Hematology 2020 guidelines for treating newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in older adults. Blood Adv. 2020 Aug 11;4(15):3528-49.Texto completo  Resumen

60. Fernandez HF, Sun Z, Yao X, et al. Anthracycline dose intensification in acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2009 Sep 24;361(13):1249-59.Texto completo  Resumen

61. Burnett AK, Russell NH, Hills RK, et al. Optimization of chemotherapy for younger patients with acute myeloid leukemia: results of the medical research council AML15 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Sep 20;31(27):3360-8. Resumen

62. Burnett AK, Hills RK, Milligan DW, et al. Attempts to optimize induction and consolidation treatment in acute myeloid leukemia: results of the MRC AML12 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 1;28(4):586-95.Texto completo  Resumen

63. Lee JH, Joo YD, Kim H, et al; Cooperative Study Group A for Hematology. A randomized trial comparing standard versus high-dose daunorubicin induction in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2011 Oct 6;118(14):3832-41. Resumen

64. Löwenberg B, Pabst T, Vellenga E, et al. Cytarabine dose for acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2011 Mar 17;364(11):1027-36.Texto completo  Resumen

65. Willemze R, Suciu S, Meloni G, et al. High-dose cytarabine in induction treatment improves the outcome of adult patients younger than age 46 years with acute myeloid leukemia: results of the EORTC-GIMEMA AML-12 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jan 20;32(3):219-28. Resumen

66. Mandelli F, Vignetti M, Suciu S, et al. Daunorubicin versus mitoxantrone versus idarubicin as induction and consolidation chemotherapy for adults with acute myeloid leukemia: the EORTC and GIMEMA Groups Study AML-10. J Clin Oncol. 2009 Nov 10;27(32):5397-403.Texto completo  Resumen

67. Burnett AK, Russell NH, Hills RK, et al. A randomized comparison of daunorubicin 90 mg/m2 vs 60 mg/m2 in AML induction: results from the UK NCRI AML17 trial in 1206 patients. Blood. 2015 Jun 18;125(25):3878-85.Texto completo  Resumen

68. Luskin MR, Lee JW, Fernandez HF, et al. Benefit of high-dose daunorubicin in AML induction extends across cytogenetic and molecular groups. Blood. 2016 Mar 24;127(12):1551-8.Texto completo  Resumen

69. Goldstone AH, Burnett AK, Wheatley K, et al. Attempts to improve treatment outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in older patients: the results of the United Kingdom Medical Research Council AML11 trial. Blood. 2001 Sep 1;98(5):1302-11. Resumen

70. Pollyea DA, Kohrt HE, Medeiros BC. Acute myeloid leukaemia in the elderly: a review. Br J Haematol. 2011 Mar;152(5):524-42.Texto completo  Resumen

71. Mayer RJ, Davis RB, Schiffer CA, et al. Intensive postremission chemotherapy in adults with acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer and Leukemia Group B. N Engl J Med. 1994 Oct 6;331(14):896-903.Texto completo  Resumen

72. Sperr WR, Piribauer M, Wimazal F, et al. A novel effective and safe consolidation for patients over 60 years with acute myeloid leukemia: intermediate dose cytarabine (2 x 1 g/m2 on days 1, 3, and 5). Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Jun 15;10(12 pt 1):3965-71.Texto completo  Resumen

73. Gibson BE, Webb DK, Howman AJ, et al. Results of a randomized trial in children with acute myeloid leukaemia: medical research council AML12 trial. Br J Haematol. 2011 Nov;155(3):366-76. Resumen

74. Itzykson R, Gardin C, Pautas C, et al; Acute Leukemia French Association (ALFA). Impact of post-remission therapy in patients aged 65-70 years with de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a comparison of two concomitant randomized ALFA trials with overlapping age inclusion criteria. Haematologica. 2011 Jun;96(6):837-44.Texto completo  Resumen

75. Li Z, Liu Y, Wang Q, et al. Autologous stem cell transplantation is a viable postremission therapy for intermediate-risk acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission in the absence of a matched identical sibling: a meta-analysis. Acta Haematol. 2019;141(3):164-75.Texto completo  Resumen

76. Amadori S, Suciu S, Selleslag DJ, et al. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin versus best supportive care in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia unsuitable for intensive chemotherapy: results of the randomized phase III EORTC-GIMEMA AML-19 trial. Clin Oncol. 2016 Mar 20;34(9):972-9.Texto completo  Resumen

77. Burnett AK, Hills RK, Milligan D, et al. Identification of patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia who benefit from the addition of gemtuzumab ozogamicin: results of the MRC AML15 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Feb 1;29(4):369-77.Texto completo  Resumen

78. Burnett AK, Russell NH, Hills RK, et al. Addition of gemtuzumab ozogamicin to induction chemotherapy improves survival in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Nov 10;30(32):3924-31.Texto completo  Resumen

79. Castaigne S, Pautas C, Terré C, et al. Effect of gemtuzumab ozogamicin on survival of adult patients with de-novo acute myeloid leukaemia (ALFA-0701): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2012 Apr 21;379(9825):1508-16. Resumen

80. Hills RK, Castaigne S, Appelbaum FR, et al. Addition of gemtuzumab ozogamicin to induction chemotherapy in adult patients with acute myeloid leukaemia: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised controlled trials. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Aug;15(9):986-96.Texto completo  Resumen

81. Lambert J, Pautas C, Terré C, et al. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin for de novo acute myeloid leukemia: final efficacy and safety updates from the open-label, phase III ALFA-0701 trial. Haematologica. 2019 Jan;104(1):113-9.Texto completo  Resumen

82. Pollard JA, Guest E, Alonzo TA, et al. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin improves event-free survival and reduces relapse in pediatric KMT2A-rearranged AML: results from the phase III Children's Oncology Group trial AAML0531. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Oct 1;39(28):3149-60. Resumen

83. Kapp-Schwoerer S, Weber D, Corbacioglu A, et al. Impact of gemtuzumab ozogamicin on MRD and relapse risk in patients with NPM1-mutated AML: results from the AMLSG 09-09 trial. Blood. 2020 Dec 24;136(26):3041-50.Texto completo  Resumen

84. Stone RM, Mandrekar SJ, Sanford BL, et al. Midostaurin plus chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia with a FLT3 mutation. N Engl J Med. 2017 Aug 3;377(5):454-64.Texto completo  Resumen

85. Schlenk RF, Weber D, Fiedler W, et al. Midostaurin added to chemotherapy and continued single-agent maintenance therapy in acute myeloid leukemia with FLT3-ITD. Blood. 2019 Feb 21;133(8):840-51.Texto completo  Resumen

86. Lancet JE, Cortes JE, Hogge DE, et al. Phase 2 trial of CPX-351, a fixed 5:1 molar ratio of cytarabine/daunorubicin, vs cytarabine/daunorubicin in older adults with untreated AML. Blood. 2014 May 22;123(21):3239-46.Texto completo  Resumen

87. Lancet JE, Uy GL, Cortes JE, et al. CPX-351 (cytarabine and daunorubicin) liposome for injection versus conventional cytarabine plus daunorubicin in older patients with newly diagnosed secondary acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2018 Sep 10;36(26):2684-92.Texto completo  Resumen

88. Lancet JE, Uy GL, Newell LF, et al. CPX-351 versus 7+3 cytarabine and daunorubicin chemotherapy in older adults with newly diagnosed high-risk or secondary acute myeloid leukaemia: 5-year results of a randomised, open-label, multicentre, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2021 Jul;8(7):e481-91. Resumen

89. Boumber Y, Kantarjian H, Jorgensen J, et al. A randomized study of decitabine versus conventional care for maintenance therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission. Leukemia. 2012 Nov;26(11):2428-31. Resumen

90. Fenaux P, Mufti G, Santini V, et al. Azacitidine treatment prolongs overall survival in higher-risk MDS patients compared with conventional care regimens: results of the AZA-001 phase III study. Blood. 2007;110:250a.

91. Fenaux P, Mufti GJ, Hellström-Lindberg E, et al. Azacitidine prolongs overall survival compared with conventional care regimens in elderly patients with low bone marrow blast count acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 1;28(4):562-9.Texto completo  Resumen

92. Cashen AF, Schiller GJ, O'Donnell MR, et al. Multicenter, phase II study of decitabine for the first-line treatment of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Feb 1;28(4):556-61.Texto completo  Resumen

93. Kantarjian HM, Thomas XG, Dmoszynska A, et al. Multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III trial of decitabine versus patient choice, with physician advice, of either supportive care or low-dose cytarabine for the treatment of older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. J Clin Oncol. 2012 Jul 20;30(21):2670-7.Texto completo  Resumen

94. Dombret H, Seymour JF, Butrym A, et al. International phase 3 study of azacitidine vs conventional care regimens in older patients with newly diagnosed AML with >30% blasts. Blood. 2015 Jul 16;126(3):291-9.Texto completo  Resumen

95. Short NJ, Kantarjian HM, Loghavi S, et al. Treatment with a 5-day versus a 10-day schedule of decitabine in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukaemia: a randomised phase 2 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2019 Jan;6(1):e29-e37.Texto completo  Resumen

96. Bell JA, Galaznik A, Huelin R, et al. Effectiveness and safety of therapeutic regimens for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic literature review. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2018 Jul;18(7):e303-14.Texto completo  Resumen

97. Wei AH, Döhner H, Pocock C, et al. Oral azacitidine maintenance therapy for acute myeloid leukemia in first remission. N Engl J Med. 2020 Dec 24;383(26):2526-37.Texto completo  Resumen

98. Wei AH, Strickland SA Jr, Hou JZ, et al. Venetoclax combined with low-dose cytarabine for previously untreated patients with acute myeloid leukemia: results from a phase Ib/II study. J Clin Oncol. 2019 May 20;37(15):1277-84.Texto completo  Resumen

99. Wei AH, Montesinos P, Ivanov V, et al. Venetoclax plus LDAC for newly diagnosed AML ineligible for intensive chemotherapy: a phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial. Blood. 2020 Jun 11;135(24):2137-45.Texto completo  Resumen

100. DiNardo CD, Pratz KW, Letai A, et al. Safety and preliminary efficacy of venetoclax with decitabine or azacitidine in elderly patients with previously untreated acute myeloid leukaemia: a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1b study. Lancet Oncol. 2018 Feb;19(2):216-28. Resumen

101. DiNardo CD, Pratz K, Pullarkat V, et al. Venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine in treatment-naive, elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2019 Jan 3;133(1):7-17.Texto completo  Resumen

102. DiNardo CD, Jonas BA, Pullarkat V, et al. Azacitidine and venetoclax in previously untreated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2020 Aug 13;383(7):617-29.Texto completo  Resumen

103. Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency. Venetoclax (Venclyxto): updated recommendations on tumour lysis syndrome (TLS). Dec 2021 [internet publication].Texto completo

104. Cortes JE, Heidel FH, Hellmann A, et al. Randomized comparison of low dose cytarabine with or without glasdegib in patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Leukemia. 2019 Feb;33(2):379-89.Texto completo  Resumen

105. Cortes JE, Heidel FH, Fiedler W, et al. Survival outcomes and clinical benefit in patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with glasdegib and low-dose cytarabine according to response to therapy. J Hematol Oncol. 2020 Jul 14;13(1):92.Texto completo  Resumen

106. Heuser M, Smith BD, Fiedler W, et al. Clinical benefit of glasdegib plus low-dose cytarabine in patients with de novo and secondary acute myeloid leukemia: long-term analysis of a phase II randomized trial. Ann Hematol. 2021 May;100(5):1181-94.Texto completo  Resumen

107. Roboz GJ, DiNardo CD, Stein EM, et al. Ivosidenib induces deep durable remissions in patients with newly diagnosed IDH1-mutant acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2020 Feb 13;135(7):463-71.Texto completo  Resumen

108. Montesinos P, Recher C, Vives S, et al. Ivosidenib and azacitidine in IDH1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2022 Apr 21;386(16):1519-31.Texto completo  Resumen

109. Stein EM, DiNardo CD, Pollyea DA, et al. Enasidenib in mutant IDH2 relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 2017 Aug 10;130(6):722-31. Resumen

110. Pollyea DA, Tallman MS, de Botton S, et al. Enasidenib, an inhibitor of mutant IDH2 proteins, induces durable remissions in older patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia. 2019 Nov;33(11):2575-84.Texto completo  Resumen

111. Food and Drug Administration. FDA warns that symptoms of a serious condition affecting the blood cells are not being recognized with the leukemia medicine Idhifa (enasidenib). Nov 2018 [internet publication].Texto completo

112. Heuser M, Freeman SD, Ossenkoppele GJ, et al. 2021 Update on MRD in acute myeloid leukemia: a consensus document from the European LeukemiaNet MRD Working Party. Blood. 2021 Dec 30;138(26):2753-67.Texto completo  Resumen

113. DeWolf S, Tallman MS. How I treat relapsed or refractory AML. Blood. 2020 Aug 27;136(9):1023-32.Texto completo  Resumen

114. Megías-Vericat JE, Martínez-Cuadrón D, Sanz MÁ, et al. Salvage regimens using conventional chemotherapy agents for relapsed/refractory adult AML patients: a systematic literature review. Ann Hematol. 2018 Jul;97(7):1115-53. Resumen

115. Stahl M, DeVeaux M, Montesinos P, et al. Hypomethylating agents in relapsed and refractory AML: outcomes and their predictors in a large international patient cohort. Blood Adv. 2018 Apr 24;2(8):923-32.Texto completo  Resumen

116. Aldoss I, Yang D, Aribi A, et al. Efficacy of the combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica. 2018 Sep;103(9):e404-7.Texto completo  Resumen

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118. Perl AE, Martinelli G, Cortes JE, et al. Gilteritinib or chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory FLT3-mutated AML. N Engl J Med. 2019 Oct 31;381(18):1728-40.Texto completo  Resumen

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