Infantile spasms syndrome

References

Key articles

Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.Full text  Abstract

Go CY, Mackay MT, Weiss SK, et al; Child Neurology Society; American Academy of Neurology. Evidence-based guideline update: medical treatment of infantile spasms. Neurology. 2012 Jun 12;78(24):1974-80.Full text  Abstract

Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7. Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Epilepsies in children, young people and adults. Apr 2022 [internet publication].Full text

O'Callaghan FJ, Edwards SW, Alber FD, et al. Safety and effectiveness of hormonal treatment versus hormonal treatment with vigabatrin for infantile spasms (ICISS): a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial. Lancet Neurol. 2017 Jan;16(1):33-42.Full text  Abstract

Willmore LJ, Abelson MB, Ben-Menachem E, et al. Vigabatrin: 2008 update. Epilepsia. 2009 Feb;50(2):163-73. Abstract

Reference articles

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26. Hancock EC, Osborne JP, Edwards SW. Treatment of infantile spasms. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 5;(6):CD001770.Full text  Abstract

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28. Yuskaitis CJ, Ruzhnikov MRZ, Howell KB, et al. Infantile spasms of unknown cause: predictors of outcome and genotype-phenotype correlation. Pediatr Neurol. 2018 Oct;87:48-56.Full text  Abstract

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30. Symonds JD, Elliott KS, Shetty J, et al. Early childhood epilepsies: epidemiology, classification, aetiology, and socio-economic determinants. Brain. 2021 Oct 22;144(9):2879-91.Full text  Abstract

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32. Michaud JL, Lachance M, Hamdan FF, et al. The genetic landscape of infantile spasms. Hum Mol Genet. 2014 Sep 15;23(18):4846-58. Abstract

33. American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics. Five things physicians and patients should question. Choosing Wisely, an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

34. Wolff M, Cassé-Perrot C, Dravet C. Severe myoclonic epilepsy of infants (Dravet syndrome): natural history and neuropsychological findings. Epilepsia. 2006;47 Suppl 2:45-8.Full text  Abstract

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38. Pellock JM, Hrachovy R, Shinnar S, et al. Infantile spasms: a U.S. consensus report. Epilepsia. 2010 Oct;51(10):2175-89.Full text  Abstract

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40. Riikonen R. A long-term follow-up study of 214 children with the syndrome of infantile spasms. Neuropediatrics. 1982 Feb;13(1):14-23. Abstract

41. Go CY, Mackay MT, Weiss SK, et al; Child Neurology Society; American Academy of Neurology. Evidence-based guideline update: medical treatment of infantile spasms. Neurology. 2012 Jun 12;78(24):1974-80.Full text  Abstract

42. Shumiloff NA, Lam WM, Manasco KB. Adrenocorticotropic hormone for the treatment of West syndrome in children. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 May;47(5):744-54. Abstract

43. Hrachovy RA, Frost JD Jr, Glaze DG. High-dose, long-duration versus low-dose, short-duration corticotropin therapy for infantile spasms. J Pediatr. 1994 May;124(5 pt 1):803-6. Abstract

44. Yanagaki S, Oguni H, Hayashi K, et al. A comparative study of high-dose and low-dose ACTH therapy for West syndrome. Brain Dev. 1999 Oct;21(7):461-7. Abstract

45. Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study (UKISS) comparing hormone treatment with vigabatrin on developmental and epilepsy outcomes to age 14 months: a multicentre randomised trial. Lancet Neurol. 2005 Nov;4(11):712-7. Abstract

46. Wanigasinghe J, Arambepola C, Sri Ranganathan S, et al. Randomized, single-blind, parallel clinical trial on efficacy of oral prednisolone versus intramuscular corticotropin on immediate and continued spasm control in West syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 2015 Sep;53(3):193-9.Full text  Abstract

47. Wanigasinghe J, Arambepola C, Ranganathan SS, et al. Randomized, single-blind, parallel clinical trial on efficacy of oral prednisolone versus intramuscular corticotropin: a 12-month assessment of spasm control in West syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 2017 Nov;76:14-9.Full text  Abstract

48. Gowda VK, Hiremath R, Gornale V, et al. A randomized controlled trial on the study of effectiveness and safety of hormonal (ACTH) treatment alone versus hormonal (ACTH) with levetiracetam for epileptic spasms. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2022 Jul;13(3):403-10.Full text  Abstract

49. Basit A, Noreen N, Saleem SF, et al. Comparison of efficacy and safety of low- versus high-dose oral prednisolone in infantile spasm (IS): an open label randomized controlled trial at the Children's Hospital & Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan. Cureus. 2022 Mar;14(3):e23164.Full text  Abstract

50. Riikonen R. The latest on infantile spasms. Curr Opin Neurol. 2005 Apr;18(2):91-5. Abstract

51. Hancock E, Osborne JP. Vigabatrin in the treatment of infantile spasms in tuberous scerosis: literature review. J Child Neurol. 1999 Feb;14(2):71-4. Abstract

52. Appleton RE, Peters AC, Mumford JP, et al. Randomised, placebo-controlled study of vigabatrin as first-line treatment of infantile spasms. Epilepsia. 1999 Nov;40(11):1627-33. Abstract

53. Elterman RD, Shields WD, Bittman RM, et al. Vigabatrin for the treatment of infantile spasms: final report of a randomized trial. J Child Neurol. 2010 Nov;25(11):1340-7. Abstract

54. You SJ, Ahn H, Ko TS. Vigabatrin and visual field defects in pediatric epilepsy patients. J Korean Med Sci. 2006 Aug;21(4):728-32.Full text  Abstract

55. Wheless JW, Ramsay RE, Collins SD. Vigabatrin. Neurotherapeutics. 2007 Jan;4(1):163-72. Abstract

56. Spencer EL, Harding GF. Examining visual field defects in the paediatric population exposed to vigabatrin. Doc Ophthalmol. 2003 Nov;107(3):281-7. Abstract

57. Gross-Tsur V, Banin E, Shahar E, et al. Visual impairment in children with epilepsy treated with vigabatrin. Ann Neurol. 2000 Jul;48(1):60-4. Abstract

58. Maguire MJ, Hemming K, Wild JM, et al. Prevalence of visual field loss following exposure to vigabatrin therapy: a systematic review. Epilepsia. 2010 Dec;51(12):2423-31. Abstract

59. Westall CA, Wright T, Cortese F, et al. Vigabatrin retinal toxicity in children with infantile spasms: an observational cohort study. Neurology. 2014 Dec 9;83(24):2262-8.Full text  Abstract

60. Schwarz MD, Li M, Tsao J, et al. A lack of clinically apparent vision loss among patients treated with vigabatrin with infantile spasms: the UCLA experience. Epilepsy Behav. 2016 Apr;57(Pt A):29-33. Abstract

61. Fong CY, Osborne JP, Edwards SW, et al. An investigation into the relationship between vigabatrin, movement disorders, and brain magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in children with infantile spasms. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013 Sep;55(9):862-7. Abstract

62. Hussain SA, Tsao J, Li M, et al. Risk of vigabatrin-associated brain abnormalities on MRI in the treatment of infantile spasms is dose-dependent. Epilepsia. 2017 Apr;58(4):674-82.Full text  Abstract

63. Reyes Valenzuela G, Crespo A, Princich J, et al. Vigabatrin-associated brain abnormalities on MRI and other neurological symptoms in patients with West syndrome. Epilepsy Behav. 2022 Apr;129:108606. Abstract

64. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Epilepsies in children, young people and adults. Apr 2022 [internet publication].Full text

65. O'Callaghan FJ, Edwards SW, Alber FD, et al. Safety and effectiveness of hormonal treatment versus hormonal treatment with vigabatrin for infantile spasms (ICISS): a randomised, multicentre, open-label trial. Lancet Neurol. 2017 Jan;16(1):33-42.Full text  Abstract

66. Darke K, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al; trial steering committee on behalf of participating investigators. Developmental and epilepsy outcomes at age 4 years in the UKISS trial comparing hormonal treatments to vigabatrin for infantile spasms: a multi-centre randomised trial. Arch Dis Child. 2010 May;95(5):382-6. Abstract

67. Lux AL, Edwards SW, Hancock E, et al. The United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study comparing vigabatrin with prednisolone or tetracosactide at 14 days: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004 Nov 13-19;364(9447):1773-8. Abstract

68. Song JM, Hahn J, Kim SH, et al. Efficacy of treatments for infantile spasms: a systematic review. Clin Neuropharmacol. 2017 Mar/Apr;40(2):63-84. Abstract

69. Fallah R, Salor F, Akhavan Karbasi S, et al. Randomised clinical efficacy trial of topiramate and nitrazepam in treatment of infantile spasms. Iran J Child Neurol. 2014 Winter;8(1):12-9. Abstract

70. Prezioso G, Carlone G, Zaccara G, et al. Efficacy of ketogenic diet for infantile spasms: a systematic review. Acta Neurol Scand. 2018 Jan;137(1):4-11. Abstract

71. Dressler A, Benninger F, Trimmel-Schwahofer P, et al. Efficacy and tolerability of the ketogenic diet versus high-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone for infantile spasms: a single-center parallel-cohort randomized controlled trial. Epilepsia. 2019 Mar;60(3):441-51. Abstract

72. Zhang J, Chen G, Wang J, et al. Efficacy of the ketogenic diet on ACTH- or corticosteroid-resistant infantile spasm: a multicentre prospective control study. Epileptic Disord. 2021 Apr 1;23(2):337-45. Abstract

73. Ohtsuka Y, Ogino T, Asano T, et al. Long-term follow-up of vitamin B(6)-responsive West syndrome. Pediatr Neurol. 2000 Sep;23(3):202-6. Abstract

74. Kunnanayaka V, Jain P, Sharma S, et al. Addition of pyridoxine to prednisolone in the treatment of infantile spasms: a pilot, randomized controlled trial. Neurol India. 2018 Mar-Apr;66(2):385-90. Abstract

75. Guerin A, Aziz AS, Mutch C, et al. Pyridox(am)ine-5-phosphate oxidase deficiency treatable cause of neonatal epileptic encephalopathy with burst suppression: case report and review of the literature. J Child Neurol. 2015 Aug;30(9):1218-25. Abstract

76. Chugani HT, Ilyas M, Kumar A, et al. Surgical treatment for refractory epileptic spasms: the Detroit series. Epilepsia. 2015 Dec;56(12):1941-9. Abstract

77. Willmore LJ, Abelson MB, Ben-Menachem E, et al. Vigabatrin: 2008 update. Epilepsia. 2009 Feb;50(2):163-73. Abstract

78. Riikonen R. Infantile spasms: outcome in clinical studies. Pediatr Neurol. 2020 Jul;108:54-64.Full text  Abstract

79. Osborne JP, Edwards SW, Dietrich Alber F, et al. The underlying etiology of infantile spasms (West syndrome): information from the International Collaborative Infantile Spasms Study (ICISS). Epilepsia. 2019 Sep;60(9):1861-9. Abstract

80. Granström ML, Gaily E, Liukkonen E. Treatment of infantile spasms: results of a population-based study with vigabatrin as the first drug for spasms. Epilepsia. 1999 Jul;40(7):950-7.Full text  Abstract

81. Cohen-Sadan S, Kramer U, Ben-Zeev B, et al. Multicenter long-term follow-up of children with idiopathic West syndrome: ACTH versus vigabatrin. Eur J Neurol. 2009 Apr;16(4):482-7. Abstract

82. Kivity S, Lerman P, Ariel R, et al. Long-term cognitive outcomes of a cohort of children with cryptogenic infantile spasms treated with high-dose adrenocorticotropic hormone. Epilepsia. 2004 Mar;45(3):255-62.Full text  Abstract

83. Gaily E, Lommi M, Lapatto R, et al. Incidence and outcome of epilepsy syndromes with onset in the first year of life: a retrospective population-based study. Epilepsia. 2016 Oct;57(10):1594-601.Full text  Abstract

84. Jeavons PM, Bower BD, Dimitrakoudi M. Long-term prognosis of 150 cases of "West syndrome". Epilepsia. 1973 Jun;14(2):153-64. Abstract

85. O'Callaghan FJ, Lux AL, Darke K, et al. The effect of lead time to treatment and of age of onset on developmental outcome at 4 years in infantile spasms: evidence from the United Kingdom Infantile Spasms Study. Epilepsia. 2011 Jul;52(7):1359-64.Full text  Abstract

86. Auvin S, Hartman AL, Desnous B, et al. Diagnosis delay in West syndrome: misdiagnosis and consequences. Eur J Pediatr. 2012 Nov;171(11):1695-701. Abstract

87. Primec ZR, Stare J, Neubauer D. The risk of lower mental outcome in infantile spasms increases after three weeks of hypsarrhythmia duration. Epilepsia. 2006 Dec;47(12):2202-5.Full text  Abstract

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