Factitious disorders

American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2022.

Asher R. Munchausen's syndrome. Lancet. 1951 Feb 10;1(6650):339-41. Abstract

Ford CV, Sonnier L, & McCullumsmith C. Chapter 12: Deception syndromes. In: Levenson JL, ed. The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of psychosomatic medicine and consultation-liaison psychiatry. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2018.

Sutherland AJ, Rodin GM. Factitious disorders in a general hospital setting: clinical features and a review of the literature. Psychosomatics. 1990 Fall;31(4):392-9. Abstract

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2022.

2. Asher R. Munchausen's syndrome. Lancet. 1951 Feb 10;1(6650):339-41. Abstract

3. Ford CV, Sonnier L, & McCullumsmith C. Chapter 12: Deception syndromes. In: Levenson JL, ed. The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of psychosomatic medicine and consultation-liaison psychiatry. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2018.

4. Wise MG, Ford CV. Factitious disorders. Prim Care. 1999 Jun;26(2):315-26. Abstract

5. Sutherland AJ, Rodin GM. Factitious disorders in a general hospital setting: clinical features and a review of the literature. Psychosomatics. 1990 Fall;31(4):392-9. Abstract

6. Gault MH, Campbell NR, Aksu AE. Spurious stones. Nephron. 1988;48(4):274-9. Abstract

7. Pankratz L, Lezak MD. Cerebral dysfunction in the Munchausen syndrome. Hillside J Clin Psychiatry. 1987;9(2):195-206. Abstract

8. Fenelon G, Mahieux F, Roullet E, et al. Munchausen's syndrome and abnormalities on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. BMJ. 1991 Apr 27;302(6783):996-7.Full text  Abstract

9. Krahn LE, Li H, O'Connor MK. Patients who strive to be ill: factitious disorder with physical symptoms. Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;160(6):1163-8. Abstract

10. Yates GP, Feldman MD. Factitious disorder: a systematic review of 455 cases in the professional literature. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2016 May 12;41:20-8.Full text  Abstract

11. Ameh V, Speak N. Factitious hypoglycaemia in a nondiabetic patient. Eur J Emerg Med. 2008 Feb;15(1):59-60. Abstract

12. Feldman MD, Miner ID. Factitious Usher syndrome: a new type of factitious disorder. Medscape J Med. 2008 Jun 30;10(6):153.Full text  Abstract

13. Levenson JL, Valverde R, Olbrisch ME. Factitious wound infections in an altruistic living liver donor. Prog Transplant. 2008 Mar;18(1):22-4. Abstract

14. Nwaejike N, Archbold H, Wilson DS. Factitious lymphoedema as a psychiatric condition mimicking reflex sympathetic dystrophy: a case report. J Med Case Reports. 2008 Jun 24;2:216.Full text  Abstract

15. Santangelo WC, Richey JE, Rivera L, et al. Surreptitious ipecac administration simulating intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Ann Intern Med. 1989 Jun 15;110(12):1031-2. Abstract

16. Shelton JH, Santa Ana CA, Thompson DR, et al. Factitious diarrhea induced by stimulant laxatives: accuracy of diagnosis by a clinical reference laboratory using thin layer chromatography. Clin Chem. 2007 Jan;53(1):85-90.Full text  Abstract

17. Tojo A, Nanba S, Kimura K, et al. Factitious proteinuria in a young girl. Clin Nephrol. 1990 Jun;33(6):299-302. Abstract

18. Gregory RJ, Jindal S. Factitious disorder on an inpatient psychiatry ward. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2006 Jan;76(1):31-6. Abstract

19. Parker PE. A case report of Munchausen syndrome with mixed psychological features. Psychosomatics. 1993 Jul-Aug;34(4):360-4. Abstract

20. Sigal MD, Altmark D, Carmel I. Munchausen syndrome by adult proxy: a perpetrator abusing two adults. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1986 Nov;174(11):696-8. Abstract

21. Giurgea I, Ulinski T, Touati G, et al. Factitious hyperinsulinism leading to pancreatectomy: severe forms of Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Pediatrics. 2005 Jul;116(1):e145-8.Full text  Abstract

22. Astuto M, Minardi C, Rizzo G, et al. Unexplained seizures in an infant. Lancet. 2009 Jan 3;373(9657):94. Abstract

23. Meehan WP 3rd, Merschman KM, Chiang VW. An 18-month-old girl with recurrent apneic spells. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2008 Aug;24(8):546-9. Abstract

24. Wallach J. Laboratory diagnosis of factitious disorders. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Aug 8;154(15):1690-6. Abstract

25. Eastwood S, Bisson JI. Management of factitious disorders: a systematic review. Psychother Psychosom. 2008;77(4):209-18. Abstract

26. Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Perplexing presentations (PP)/Fabricated or induced Iilness (FII) in children – guidance. Mar 2021 [internet publication].Full text

27. Royal College of Psychiatrists. Assessment and management of adults and children in cases of fabricated or induced illness (FII). Mar 2020 [internet publication].Full text

28. American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (APSAC). Munchausen by proxy: clinical and case management guidance. 2017 [internet publication].Full text