Abusive head trauma in infants and young children

References

Key articles

Narang SK, Fingarson A, Lukefahr J; Council on Child Abuse and Neglect. Abusive head trauma in infants and children. Pediatrics. 2020 Apr;145(4):e20200203.Full text  Abstract

Nuño M, Pelissier L, Varshneya K, et al. Outcomes and factors associated with infant abusive head trauma in the US. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015 Nov;16(5):515-22.Full text  Abstract

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK). Child maltreatment: when to suspect maltreatment in under 18s. October 2017 [internet publication].Full text

Piteau SJ, Ward MG, Barrowman NJ, et al. Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2012 Aug;130(2):315-23. Abstract

Christian CW, Levin AV, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, et al. The eye examination in the evaluation of child abuse. Pediatrics. 2018 Aug;142(2):e20181411.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. Practice parameter for the performance and interpretation of skeletal surveys in children. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

1. Narang SK, Fingarson A, Lukefahr J; Council on Child Abuse and Neglect. Abusive head trauma in infants and children. Pediatrics. 2020 Apr;145(4):e20200203.Full text  Abstract

2. Sieswerda-Hoogendoorn T, Bilo RA, van Duurling LL, et al. Abusive head trauma in young children in the Netherlands: evidence for multiple incidents of abuse. Acta Paediatr. 2013 Nov;102(11):e497-501. Abstract

3. Kelly P, Farrant B. Shaken baby syndrome in New Zealand, 2000-2002. J Paediatr Child Health. 2008 Mar;44(3):99-107. Abstract

4. Barlow KM, Minns RA. Annual incidence of shaken impact syndrome in young children. Lancet. 2000 Nov 4;356(9241):1571-2. Abstract

5. Keenan HT, Runyan DK, Marshall SW, et al. A population-based study of inflicted traumatic brain injury in young children. JAMA. 2003 Aug 6;290(5):621-6.Full text  Abstract

6. Shanahan ME, Zolotor AJ, Parrish JW, et al. National, regional, and state abusive head trauma: application of the CDC algorithm. Pediatrics. 2013 Dec;132(6):e1546-53.Full text  Abstract

7. Chang YT, Chang HY, Chen LW, et al. Incidence and characteristics of paediatric abusive head trauma in Taiwan, 2006-2015: a nationwide population-based study. Inj Prev. 2021 Aug;27(4):356-62.Full text  Abstract

8. Kelly P, John S, Vincent AL, et al. Abusive head trauma and accidental head injury: a 20-year comparative study of referrals to a hospital child protection team. Arch Dis Child. 2015 Dec;100(12):1123-30.Full text  Abstract

9. Runyan DK. The challenges of assessing the incidence of inflicted traumatic brain injury: a world perspective. Am J Prev Med. 2008 Apr;34(4 suppl):S112-5. Abstract

10. Nuño M, Pelissier L, Varshneya K, et al. Outcomes and factors associated with infant abusive head trauma in the US. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2015 Nov;16(5):515-22.Full text  Abstract

11. Sinal SH, Petree AR, Herman-Giddens M, et al. Is race or ethnicity a predictive factor in shaken baby syndrome? Child Abuse Negl. 2000 Sep;24(9):1241-6. Abstract

12. Lee C, Barr RG, Catherine N, et al. Age-related incidence of publicly reported shaken baby syndrome cases: is crying a trigger for shaking? J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2007 Aug;28(4):288-93. Abstract

13. Watts P; Child Maltreatment Guideline Working Party of Royal College of Ophthalmologists UK. Abusive head trauma and the eye in infancy. Eye (Lond). 2013 Oct;27(10):1227-9. Abstract

14. Starling SP, Patel S, Burke BL, et al. Analysis of perpetrator admissions to inflicted traumatic brain injury in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2004 May;158(5):454-8.Full text  Abstract

15. Biron D, Shelton D. Perpetrator accounts in infant abusive head trauma brought about by a shaking event. Child Abuse Negl. 2005 Dec;29(12):1347-58. Abstract

16. Adamsbaum C, Grabar S, Mejean M, et al. Abusive head trauma: judicial admissions highlight violent and repetitive shaking. Pediatrics. 2010 Sep;126(3):546-55.Full text  Abstract

17. Zouros A, Bhargava R, Hoskinson M, et al. Further characterization of traumatic subdural collections of infancy. Report of five cases. J Neurosurg. 2004 May;100(5 Suppl Pediatrics):512-8. Abstract

18. Gerber P, Coffman K. Nonaccidental head trauma in infants. Childs Nerv Syst. 2007 May;23(5):499-507. Abstract

19. Hymel KP, Makoroff KL, Laskey AL, et al. Mechanisms, clinical presentations, injuries, and outcomes from inflicted versus noninflicted head trauma during infancy: results of a prospective, multicentered, comparative study. Pediatrics. 2007 May;23(5):499-507. Abstract

20. Mungan NK. Update on shaken baby syndrome: ophthalmology. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2007 Sep;18(5):392-7. Abstract

21. Schnitzer PG, Ewigman BG. Child deaths resulting from inflicted injuries: household risk factors and perpetrator characteristics. Pediatrics. 2005 Nov;116(5):e687-93. Abstract

22. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK). Child maltreatment: when to suspect maltreatment in under 18s. October 2017 [internet publication].Full text

23. Pierce MC, Kaczor K, Acker D, et al. Dataset on psychosocial risk factors in cases of fatal and near-fatal physical child abuse. Data Brief. 2017 Oct;14:107-9.Full text  Abstract

24. Jenny C, Hymel KP, Ritzen A, et al. Analysis of missed cases of abusive head trauma. JAMA. 1999 Feb 17;281(7):621-6. Abstract

25. Simonnet H, Laurent-Vannier A, Yuan W, et al. Parents' behavior in response to infant crying: abusive head trauma education. Child Abuse Negl. 2014 Dec;38(12):1914-22. Abstract

26. Dias MS, Smith K, DeGuehery K, et al. Preventing abusive head trauma among infants and young children: a hospital-based, parent education program. Pediatrics. 2005 Apr;115(4):e470-7.Full text  Abstract

27. Pinquart M, Teubert D. Effects of parenting education with expectant and new parents: a meta-analysis. J Fam Psychol. 2010 Jun;24(3):316-27. Abstract

28. Fujiwara T, Yamada F, Okuyama M, et al. Effectiveness of educational materials designed to change knowledge and behavior about crying and shaken baby syndrome: a replication of a randomized controlled trial in Japan. Child Abuse Negl. 2012 Sep;36(9):613-20. Abstract

29. Barr RG, Rivara FP, Barr M, et al. Effectiveness of educational materials designed to change knowledge and behaviors regarding crying and shaken-baby syndrome in mothers of newborns: a randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2009 Mar;123(3):972-80. Abstract

30. Peterson C, Xu L, Florence C, et al. The medical cost of abusive head trauma in the United States. Pediatrics. 2014 Jul;134(1):91-9.Full text  Abstract

31. Carpenter SL, Abshire TC, Killough E, et al. Evaluating for suspected child abuse: conditions that predispose to bleeding. Pediatrics. 2022 Oct 1;150(4):e2022059277.Full text  Abstract

32. Hartley LM, Khwaja OS, Verity CM. Glutaric aciduria type 1 and nonaccidental head injury. Pediatrics. 2001 Jan;107(1):174-5. Abstract

33. Pepin MG, Byers PH. What every clinical geneticist should know about testing for osteogenesis imperfecta in suspected child abuse cases. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2015 Dec;169(4):307-13. Abstract

34. Carpenter SL, Abshire TC, Anderst JD, et al. Evaluating for suspected child abuse: conditions that predispose to bleeding. Pediatrics. 2013 Apr;131(4):e1357-73.Full text  Abstract

35. Piteau SJ, Ward MG, Barrowman NJ, et al. Clinical and radiographic characteristics associated with abusive and nonabusive head trauma: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2012 Aug;130(2):315-23. Abstract

36. Dorfman MV, Metz JB, Feldman KW, et al. Oral injuries and occult harm in children evaluated for abuse. Arch Dis Child. 2018 Aug;103(8):747-52.Full text  Abstract

37. Pierce MC, Kaczor K, Aldridge S, et al. Bruising characteristics discriminating physical child abuse from accidental trauma. Pediatrics. 2010 Jan;125(1):67-74. Abstract

38. Christian CW, Levin AV, Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, et al. The eye examination in the evaluation of child abuse. Pediatrics. 2018 Aug;142(2):e20181411.Full text  Abstract

39. Levin AV. Ophthalmology of shaken baby syndrome. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2002 Apr;13(2):201-11;vi. Abstract

40. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: suspected physical abuse - child. 2016 [internet publication].Full text

41. Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Child protection evidence: systematic review on head and spinal injuries. August 2019 [internet publication].Full text

42. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Head injury: assessment and early management. 2023 [internet publication].Full text

43. American College of Radiology. Practice parameter for the performance and interpretation of skeletal surveys in children. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

44. Sharawat IK, Dawman L. Glutaric aciduria type 1 with microcephaly: masquerading as spastic cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2018 Jul-Sep;13(3):349-51.Full text  Abstract

45. Hoffmann GF, Zschocke J. Glutaric aciduria type I: from clinical, biochemical and molecular diversity to successful therapy. J Inherit Metab Dis. 1999 Jun;22(4):381-91. Abstract

46. Penttinen RP, Lichtenstein JR, Martin GR, et al. Abnormal collagen metabolism in cultured cells in osteogenesis imperfecta. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1975 Feb;72(2):586-9.Full text  Abstract

47. Maguire S, Pickerd N, Farewell D, et al. Which clinical features distinguish inflicted from non-inflicted brain injury? A systematic review. Arch Dis Child. 2009 Nov;94(11):860-7.Full text  Abstract

48. Maguire SA, Kemp AM, Lumb RC, et al. Estimating the probability of abusive head trauma: a pooled analysis. Pediatrics. 2011 Sep;128(3):e550-64. Abstract

49. Morad Y, Avni I, Capra L, et al. Shaken baby syndrome without intracranial hemorrhage on initial computed tomography. J AAPOS. 2004 Dec;8(6):521-7. Abstract

50. Morad Y, Avni I, Benton SA, et al. Normal computerized tomography of brain in children with shaken baby syndrome. J AAPOS. 2004 Oct;8(5):445-50. Abstract

51. Kellogg ND; American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect. Evaluation of suspected child physical abuse. Pediatrics. 2007 Jun;119(6):1232-41.Full text  Abstract

52. Hymel KP, Abshire TC, Luckey DW, et al. Coagulopathy in pediatric abusive head trauma. Pediatrics. 1997 Mar;99(3):371-5. Abstract

53. Kadom N, Khademian Z, Vezina G, et al. Usefulness of MRI detection of cervical spine and brain injuries in the evaluation of abusive head trauma. Pediatr Radiol. 2014 Jul;44(7):839-48. Abstract

54. American Academy of Pediatrics; Hymel KP; Committee on Child Abuse and Neglect, National Association of Medical Examiners. Distinguishing sudden infant death syndrome from child abuse fatalities. Pediatrics. 2006 Jul;118(1):421-7Full text  Abstract

55. Emerson MV, Pieramici DJ, Stoessel KM, et al. Incidence and rate of disappearance of retinal hemorrhage in newborns. Ophthalmology. 2001 Jan;108(1):36-9. Abstract

56. Hughes LA, May K, Talbot JF, et al. Incidence, distribution, and duration of birth-related retinal hemorrhages: a prospective study. J AAPOS. 2006 Apr;10(2):102-6. Abstract

57. Brousseau TJ, Kissoon N, McIntosh B. Vitamin K deficiency mimicking child abuse. J Emerg Med. 2005 Oct;29(3):283-8. Abstract

58. Bennett S, Agrey N, Anderson, et al; Canadian Paediatric Society. Multidisciplinary guidelines on the identification, investigation and management of suspected abusive head trauma. 2007 [internet publication].Full text

59. Canadian Paediatric Society. Management of the paediatric patient with acute head trauma. May 2013 (reaffirmed Feb 2018) [internet publication].Full text

60. Wyckoff MH, Greif R, Morley PT, et al. 2023 International consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations: summary from the Basic Life Support; Advanced Life Support; Pediatric Life Support; Neonatal Life Support; Education, Implementation, and Teams; and First Aid task forces. Circulation. 2023 Nov 9;148(24):e187–280.Full text  Abstract

61. Glauser T, Shinnar S, Gloss D. Evidence-based guideline: treatment of convulsive status epilepticus in children and adults: report of the Guideline Committee of the American Epilepsy Society. Epilepsy Curr. 2016 Jan-Feb;16(1):48-61.Full text  Abstract

62. Kochanek PM, Tasker RC, Bell MJ, et al. Management of pediatric severe traumatic brain injury: 2019 consensus and guidelines-based algorithm for first and second tier therapies. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2019 Mar;20(3):269-79.Full text  Abstract

63. Goldenberg NA, Manco-Johnson MD. Pediatric hemostasis and use of plasma components. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2006;19(1):143-55. Abstract

64. Topjian AA, Raymond TT, Atkins D, et al; Pediatric Basic and Advanced Life Support Collaborators. Part 4: pediatric basic and advanced life support: 2020 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2020 Oct 20;142(16 suppl 2):S469-523.Full text  Abstract

65. Maconochie IK, Aickin R, Hazinski MF, et al; Pediatric Life Support Collaborators. Pediatric life support 2022 international consensus on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care science with treatment recommendations. Pediatrics. 2023 Jan;151 (2): e2022060463.Full text

66. Brousseau T, Sharrief G. Newborn emergencies: the first 30 days of life. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006 Feb;53(1):69-84;vi. Abstract

67. Bishop NB. Traumatic brain injury: a primer for primary care physicians. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2006 Oct;36(9):318-31. Abstract

68. Klein HG, Spahn DR, Carson JL. Red blood cell transfusion in clinical practice. Lancet. 2007 Aug 4;370(9585):415-26. Abstract

69. American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma. Advanced trauma life support program for doctors. 10th ed. Chicago, IL: American College of Surgeons; 2018.

70. Van de Voorde P, Turner N, Djakow J, et al. European Resuscitation Council guidelines 2021: paediatric life support. Resuscitation. 2021 Apr;161:327-87.Full text  Abstract

71. Shein SL, Bell MJ, Kochanek PM, et al. Risk factors for mortality in children with abusive head trauma. J Pediatr. 2012 Oct;161(4):716-22;e1.Full text  Abstract

72. Keenan HT, Hooper SR, Wetherington CE, et al. Neurodevelopmental consequences of early traumatic brain injury in 3-year-old children. Pediatrics. 2007 Mar;119(3):e616-23.Full text  Abstract

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer