References
Key articles
British Thoracic Society. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. May 2017 [internet publication].Full text
British Thoracic Society. BTS/ICS guideline for the ventilatory management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in adults. Mar 2016 [internet publication].Full text
Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for prevention, diagnosis and management of COPD: 2024 report. 2023 [internet publication].Full text
Reference articles
1. British Thoracic Society. BTS guideline for oxygen use in adults in healthcare and emergency settings. May 2017 [internet publication].Full text
2. Alfaro V, Torras R, Ibáñez J, et al. A physical-chemical analysis of the acid-base response to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1996;74:1229-1235. Abstract
3. Osadnik CR, Tee VS, Carson-Chahhoud KV, et al. Non‐invasive ventilation for the management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;7:CD004104.Full text Abstract
4. Austin MA, Wills KE, Blizzard L, et al. Effect of high flow oxygen on mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in prehospital setting: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2010;341:c5462.Full text Abstract
5. Roberts CM, Brown JL, Reinhardt AK, et al. Non-invasive ventilation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: management of acute type 2 respiratory failure. Clin Med (Lond). 2008 Oct;8(5):517-21.Full text Abstract
6. British Thoracic Society. BTS/ICS guideline for the ventilatory management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in adults. Mar 2016 [internet publication].Full text
7. Epstein SK, Singh N. Respiratory acidosis. Respir Care. 2001;46:366-383. Abstract
8. Rochwerg B, Brochard L, Elliott MW, et al. Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure. Eur Respir J. 2017 Aug 31;50(2):1602426.Full text Abstract
9. Berend K, de Vries AP, Gans RO. Physiological approach to assessment of acid-base disturbances. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1434-45. Abstract
10. Cabrera Serrano M, Rabinstein AA. Usefulness of pulmonary function tests and blood gases in acute neuromuscular respiratory failure. Eur J Neurol. 2012;19:452-456. Abstract
11. Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease. Global strategy for prevention, diagnosis and management of COPD: 2024 report. 2023 [internet publication].Full text
12. Sung A, Swigris J, Saleh A, et al. High-resolution chest tomography in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia: utility and challenges. Curr Opin Pulm Med. 2007;13:451-457. Abstract
13. Joffe AR. Lumbar puncture and brain herniation in acute bacterial meningitis: a review. J Intensive Care Med. 2007;22:194-207. Abstract
14. Olson AL, Zwillich C. The obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Am J Med. 2005;118:948-956. Abstract
15. Jones RL, Nzekwu MM. The effects of body mass index on lung volumes. Chest. 2006;130:827-833.Full text Abstract
16. Steen VD. Autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2005;35:35-42. Abstract
17. Devdhar M, Ousman YH, Burman KD. Hypothyroidism. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2007;36:595-615. Abstract
Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer