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Acetaminophen overdose

最后审阅: 19 Aug 2025
最后更新: 07 Jan 2025

小结

定义

病史和体格检查

关键诊断因素

  • attempted self-harm
  • repeated over-the-counter analgesic use for pain relief
  • asymptomatic presentation
  • nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain
  • right upper quadrant pain and tenderness
  • jaundice
  • confusion, decreased consciousness level, and/or asterixis
完整详情

危险因素

  • history of self-harm
  • history of frequent or repeated use of medications for pain relief
  • glutathione deficiency
  • increased cytochrome P450 activity
  • malnutrition or fasting
  • chronic ethanol consumption
完整详情

诊断性检查

首要检查

  • serum acetaminophen level
  • serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
完整详情

需考虑的检查

  • arterial pH and lactate level
  • metabolic panel or serum electrolytes with BUN and creatinine
  • serum prothrombin time and INR
  • serum salicylate level
  • ethanol level
  • blood glucose level
  • lipase level
  • serum phosphate
完整详情

治疗流程

急症处理

acute single ingestion

repeated supratherapeutic acetaminophen ingestion

撰稿人

作者

Hannah Hays, MD, FACEP, FAACT, FACMT

Medical Director

Central Ohio Poison Center

Chief of Toxicology

Nationwide Children’s Hospital

Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics

The Ohio State University College of Medicine

利益声明

HH declares that she has no competing interests.

鸣谢

Dr. Hannah Hays would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr. Daniel K. Colby, Dr. Alastair Newton, and Professor Allan R. Mottram, previous contributors to this topic. DKC, AN, and ARM declare that they have no competing interests.

同行评议者

Scott Phillips, MD

Clinical Faculty

Department of Toxicology

Rocky Mountain Poison & Drug Center

Denver

CO

利益声明

SP declares that he has no competing interests.

Gerald F. O'Malley, DO

Director

Division of Research

Department of Emergency Medicine

Albert Einstein Medical Center

Philadelphia

PA

利益声明

GFOM declares that he has no competing interests.

Sophie Gosselin, MD, FRCPC

Associate Professor

Department of Medicine

McGill University

Emergency Physician and Medical Toxicologist

McGill University Health Centre

Medical Toxicologist

Centre Antipoison du Québec

Montreal

Quebec

Canada

利益声明

SG declares that she is an unpaid co-investigator in the Canadian Acetaminophen Overdose Study and unpaid co-chair of the Extracorporeal Treatment In Poisoning workgroup.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

参考文献

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

关键文献

Dart RC, Mullins ME, Matoushek T, et al. Management of acetaminophen poisoning in the US and Canada: a consensus statement. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Aug 1;6(8):e2327739.全文  摘要

Fontana RJ, Liou I, Reuben A, et al. AASLD practice guidance on drug, herbal, and dietary supplement-induced liver injury. Hepatology. 2023 Mar 1;77(3):1036-65.全文

Chiew AL, Gluud C, Brok J, et al. Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Feb 23;(2):CD003328.全文  摘要

American College of Medical Toxicology. ACMT Position statement: duration of intravenous acetylcysteine therapy following acetaminophen overdose. J Med Toxicol. 2017 Mar;13(1):126-7.全文  摘要

参考文献

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