Clavicle fracture

Song HS, Kim H. Current concepts in the treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures in adults. Clin Shoulder Elb. 2021 Sep;24(3):189-98.Full text  Abstract

Vannabouathong C, Chiu J, Patel R, et al. An evaluation of treatment options for medial, midshaft, and distal clavicle fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSES Int. 2020 Jun;4(2):256-71.Full text  Abstract

Monica J, Vredenburgh Z, Korsh J, et al. Acute shoulder injuries in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Jul 15;94(2):119-27. Abstract

Expert Panel on Musculoskeletal Imaging; Amini B, Beckmann NM, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: shoulder pain-traumatic. J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 May;15(5s):S171-88.Full text  Abstract

American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Treatment of clavicle fractures. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline. Dec 2022 [internet publication].Full text

1. Allman FL Jr. Fractures and ligamentous injuries of the clavicle and its articulation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1967 Jun;49(4):774-84. Abstract

2. Neer CS 2nd. Fractures of the distal third of the clavicle. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1968 May-Jun;58:43-50. Abstract

3. Robinson CM. Fractures of the clavicle in the adult. Epidemiology and classification. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998 May;80(3):476-84.Full text  Abstract

4. O'Neill BJ, Hirpara KM, O'Briain D, et al. Clavicle fractures: a comparison of five classification systems and their relationship to treatment outcomes. Int Orthop. 2011 Jun;35(6):909-14. Abstract

5. Kihlström C, Möller M, Lönn K, et al. Clavicle fractures: epidemiology, classification and treatment of 2 422 fractures in the Swedish Fracture Register; an observational study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Feb 15;18(1):82.Full text  Abstract

6. Song HS, Kim H. Current concepts in the treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures in adults. Clin Shoulder Elb. 2021 Sep;24(3):189-98.Full text  Abstract

7. Hoogervorst P, van Schie P, van den Bekerom MP. Midshaft clavicle fractures: current concepts. EFORT Open Rev. 2018 Jun;3(6):374-80.Full text  Abstract

8. Ellis HB, Li Y, Bae DS, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of adolescent clavicle fractures: results from the FACTS (Function after Adolescent Clavicle Trauma and Surgery) prospective, multicenter cohort study. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020 May;8(5):2325967120921344.Full text  Abstract

9. Vannabouathong C, Chiu J, Patel R, et al. An evaluation of treatment options for medial, midshaft, and distal clavicle fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JSES Int. 2020 Jun;4(2):256-71.Full text  Abstract

10. Khan LA, Bradnock TJ, Scott C, et al. Fractures of the clavicle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009 Feb;91(2):447-60. Abstract

11. Al-Hadithy N, Khokher ZH, Kang N, et al. The incidence of medial end clavicle fractures is higher than had previously been considered. Shoulder Elbow. 2021 Oct;13(6):600-4. Abstract

12. Schulz J, Moor M, Roocroft J, et al. Functional and radiographic outcomes of nonoperative treatment of displaced adolescent clavicle fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013 Jul 3;95(13):1159-65. Abstract

13. Nordqvist A, Petersson C. The incidence of fractures of the clavicle. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994 Mar;(300):127-32. Abstract

14. Stanley D, Norris SH. Recovery following fractures of the clavicle treated conservatively. Injury. 1988 May;19(3):162-4. Abstract

15. Pecci M, Kreher JB. Clavicle fractures. Am Fam Physician. 2008 Jan 1;77(1):65-70. Abstract

16. Nowak J, Mallmin H, Larsson S. The aetiology and epidemiology of clavicular fractures. A prospective study during a two-year period in Uppsala, Sweden. Injury. 2000 Jun;31(5):353-8. Abstract

17. Marsell R, Einhorn TA. The biology of fracture healing. Injury. 2011 Jun;42(6):551-5. Abstract

18. Priemel MH, Stiel N, Zustin J, et al. Bone tumours of the clavicle: histopathological, anatomical and epidemiological analysis of 113 cases. J Bone Oncol. 2019 Jun;16:100229.Full text  Abstract

19. Qaseem A, Hicks LA, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, et al. Pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis or low bone mass to prevent fractures in adults: a living clinical guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2023 Feb;176(2):224-38.Full text  Abstract

20. Miyamoto S, Otsuka M, Hasue F, et al. Stress fracture of the midshaft clavicle associated with sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis-Case report. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2019;58:121-6.Full text  Abstract

21. Committee on Trauma, American College of Surgeons. ATLS: advanced trauma life support program for doctors. 8th ed. Chicago, IL: American College of Surgeons; 2008

22. Chalmers PN, Van Thiel GS, Ferry ST. Is skin tenting secondary to displaced clavicle fracture more than a theoretical risk? A report of 2 adolescent cases. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). 2015 Oct;44(10):E414-6. Abstract

23. Kirmani SJ, Pillai SK, Madegowda BR, et al. Vertical fragment in adult midshaft clavicle fractures: an indicator for surgical intervention. Orthopedics. 2009 Oct;32(10). Abstract

24. Zhang D, Earp BE, Dyer GSM. Skin tenting in displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Arch Bone Jt Surg. 2021 Jul;9(4):418-22. Abstract

25. Monica J, Vredenburgh Z, Korsh J, et al. Acute shoulder injuries in adults. Am Fam Physician. 2016 Jul 15;94(2):119-27. Abstract

26. Frias M, Ramos R, Bernardes M, et al. Medial clavicle fracture dislocation surgically treated: case report. Trauma Cases Rev. 2018​;4:066.Full text

27. Tompkins M, Bliss J, Villarreal R, et al. Posterior sternoclavicular disruption with ipsilateral clavicle fracture in a nine-year-old hockey player. J Orthop Trauma. 2010 Apr;24(4):e36-9. Abstract

28. O'Connor PA, Nölke L, O'Donnell A, et al. Retrosternal dislocation of the clavicle associated with a traumatic pneumothorax. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2003 Mar;2(1):9-11.Full text  Abstract

29. Yadav S, Khanna V, Mukherjee S. Ipsilateral sternoclavicular joint anterior dislocation with fracture of the mid shaft of the clavicle. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2019 May-Jun;10(3):510-3.Full text  Abstract

30. Ebraheim NA, An HS, Jackson WT, et al. Scapulothoracic dissociation. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988 Mar;70(3):428-32. Abstract

31. Clements RH, Reisser JR. Scapulothoracic dissociation: a devastating injury. J Trauma. 1996 Jan;40(1):146-9. Abstract

32. Expert Panel on Musculoskeletal Imaging; Amini B, Beckmann NM, et al. ACR Appropriateness Criteria: shoulder pain-traumatic. J Am Coll Radiol. 2018 May;15(5s):S171-88.Full text  Abstract

33. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Treatment of clavicle fractures. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline. Dec 2022 [internet publication].Full text

34. Wright J, Aresti N, Heuveling C, et al. Are standard antero-posterior and 20° caudal radiographs a true assessment of mid-shaft clavicular fracture displacement? J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2016 Oct-Dec;7(4):221-4.Full text  Abstract

35. Amer KM, Congiusta DV, Suri P, et al. Clavicle fractures: associated trauma and morbidity. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2021 Feb;13:53-6.Full text  Abstract

36. Morell DJ, Thyagarajan DS. Sternoclavicular joint dislocation and its management: A review of the literature. World J Orthop. 2016 Apr 18;7(4):244-50.Full text  Abstract

37. Halm BM, Chaudoin LT. Diagnosis of a posterior fracture dislocation of the medial clavicle in an adolescent with point-of-care ultrasound. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2017 Jul;33(7):519-21. Abstract

38. Flores DV, Goes PK, Gómez CM, et al. Imaging of the acromioclavicular joint: anatomy, function, pathologic features, and treatment. Radiographics. 2020 Sep-Oct;40(5):1355-82.Full text  Abstract

39. White LM, Ehmann J, Bleakney RR, et al. Acromioclavicular joint injuries in professional ice hockey players: epidemiologic and MRI findings and association with return to play. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020 Nov;8(11):2325967120964474.Full text  Abstract

40. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Fractures (non-complex): assessment and management. Feb 2016 [internet publication].Full text

41. Penn I. The vascular complications of fractures of the clavicle. J Trauma. 1964;4:819-31. Abstract

42. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Management of distal radius fractures. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline. Dec 2020 [internet publication].Full text

43. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Prevention of surgical site infections after major extremity trauma. Evidence-based clinical practice guideline.​ Mar 2022 [internet publication].Full text

44. Chang Y, Bhandari M, Zhu KL, et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis in the management of open fractures: a systematic survey of current practice and recommendations. JBJS Rev. 2019 Feb;7(2):e1. Abstract

45. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tetanus. For clinicians. Aug 2022 [internet publication].Full text

46. Lenza M, Buchbinder R, Johnston RV, et al. Surgical versus conservative interventions for treating fractures of the middle third of the clavicle. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Jun 6;(6):CD009363.Full text  Abstract

47. Ledger M, Leeks N, Ackland T, et al. Short malunions of the clavicle: an anatomic and functional study. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2005 Jul-Aug;14(4):349-54. Abstract

48. Hillen RJ, Burger BJ, Pöll RG, et al. Malunion after midshaft clavicle fractures in adults. Acta Orthop. 2010 Jun;81(3):273-9.Full text  Abstract

49. Hill JM, McGuire MH, Crosby LA. Closed treatment of displaced middle-third fractures of the clavicle gives poor results. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1997 Jul;79(4):537-9.Full text  Abstract

50. Eskola A, Vainionpää S, Myllynen P, et al. Outcome of clavicular fracture in 89 patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg (1978). 1986;105(6):337-8. Abstract

51. McKee MD, Pedersen EM, Jones C, et al. Deficits following nonoperative treatment of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Jan;88(1):35-40. Abstract

52. Postacchini R, Gumina S, Farsetti P, et al. Long-term results of conservative management of midshaft clavicle fracture. Int Orthop. 2010 Jun;34(5):731-6. Abstract

53. Thormodsgard TM, Stone K, Ciraulo DL, et al. An assessment of patient satisfaction with nonoperative management of clavicular fractures using the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand outcome measure. J Trauma. 2011 Nov;71(5):1126-9. Abstract

54. McKee MD, Wild LM, Schemitsch EH. Midshaft malunions of the clavicle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003 May;85(5):790-7. Abstract

55. Figueiredo GS, Tamaoki MJ, Dragone B, et al. Correlation of the degree of clavicle shortening after non-surgical treatment of midshaft fractures with upper limb function. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2015 Jun 17;16:151.Full text  Abstract

56. Goudie EB, Clement ND, Murray IR, et al. The influence of shortening on clinical outcome in healed displaced midshaft clavicular fractures after nonoperative treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2017 Jul 19;99(14):1166-72. Abstract

57. Rasmussen JV, Jensen SL, Petersen JB, et al. A retrospective study of the association between shortening of the clavicle after fracture and the clinical outcome in 136 patients. Injury. 2011 Apr;42(4):414-7. Abstract

58. Heyworth BE, Pennock AT, Li Y, et al. Two-year functional outcomes of operative vs nonoperative treatment of completely displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents: results from the prospective multicenter FACTS study group. Am J Sports Med. 2022 Sep;50(11):3045-55. Abstract

59. Frima H, van Heijl M, Michelitsch C, et al. Clavicle fractures in adults; current concepts. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2020 Jun;46(3):519-29. Abstract

60. Hebert-Davies J, Agel J. Return to elite-level sport after clavicle fractures. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2018;4(1):e000371.Full text  Abstract

61. Ranalletta M, Rossi LA, Piuzzi NS, et al. Return to sports after plate fixation of displaced midshaft clavicular fractures in athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2015 Mar;43(3):565-9. Abstract

62. Randsborg PH, Sivertsen EA. Distal radius fractures in children: substantial difference in stability between buckle and greenstick fractures. Acta Orthop. 2009 Oct;80(5):585-9.Full text  Abstract

63. O'Neill BJ, Molloy AP, Curtin W. Conservative management of paediatric clavicle fractures. Int J Pediatr. 2011;2011:172571.Full text  Abstract

64. Pandya NK, Namdari S, Hosalkar HS. Displaced clavicle fractures in adolescents: facts, controversies, and current trends. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012 Aug;20(8):498-505. Abstract

65. Nawar K, Eliya Y, Burrow S, et al. Operative versus non-operative management of mid-diaphyseal clavicle fractures in the skeletally immature population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2020 Feb;13(1):38-49. Abstract

66. Gao B, Dwivedi S, Patel SA, et al. Operative versus nonoperative management of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures in pediatric and adolescent patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Orthop Trauma. 2019 Nov;33(11):e439-46. Abstract

67. Calder JD, Solan M, Gidwani S, et al. Management of paediatric clavicle fractures--is follow-up necessary? An audit of 346 cases. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2002 Sep;84(5):331-3. Abstract

68. Banerjee R, Waterman B, Padalecki J, et al. Management of distal clavicle fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011 Jul;19(7):392-401. Abstract

69. Robinson CM, Cairns DA. Primary nonoperative treatment of displaced lateral fractures of the clavicle. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004 Apr;86(4):778-82. Abstract

70. Rokito AS, Zuckerman JD, Shaari JM, et al. A comparison of nonoperative and operative treatment of type II distal clavicle fractures. Bull Hosp Jt Dis. 2002-2003;61(1-2):32-9. Abstract

71. Nordqvist A, Petersson C, Redlund-Johnell I. The natural course of lateral clavicle fracture. 15 (11-21) year follow-up of 110 cases. Acta Orthop Scand. 1993 Feb;64(1):87-91. Abstract

72. Deafenbaugh MK, Dugdale TW, Staeheli JW, et al. Nonoperative treatment of Neer type II distal clavicle fractures: a prospective study. Contemp Orthop. 1990 Apr;20(4):405-13. Abstract

73. Salipas A, Kimmel LA, Edwards ER, et al. Natural history of medial clavicle fractures. Injury. 2016 Oct;47(10):2235-9. Abstract

74. Hanby CK, Pasque CB, Sullivan JA. Medial clavicle physis fracture with posterior displacement and vascular compromise: the value of three-dimensional computed tomography and duplex ultrasound. Orthopedics. 2003 Jan;26(1):81-4. Abstract

75. Lewonowski K, Bassett GS. Complete posterior sternoclavicular epiphyseal separation. A case report and review of the literature. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992 Aug;(281):84-8. Abstract

76. Buckley MB, Clark KR. Forensic age estimation using the medial clavicular epiphysis: a study review. Radiol Technol. 2017 May;88(5):482-98. Abstract

77. van der Meijden OA, Gaskill TR, Millett PJ. Treatment of clavicle fractures: current concepts review. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2012 Mar;21(3):423-9. Abstract

78. Waninger KN. Stress fracture of the clavicle in a collegiate diver. Clin J Sport Med. 1997 Jan;7(1):66-8. Abstract

79. Adamich J, Howard A, Camp M. Do all clavicle fractures in children need to be managed by orthopedic surgeons? Pediatr Emerg Care. 2018 Oct;34(10):706-10. Abstract

80. Bakker ME, Bon VJJ, Huybrechts BPM, et al. Kinesiotaping for acute pain due to uncomplicated traumatic injury of the shoulder or chest wall. Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Aug;58:197-202.Full text  Abstract

81. Dedeoglu SS, Imren Y, Karslioglu B, et al. Kinesiotaping therapy for midshaft clavicular fractures: a randomised trial study. Acta Orthop Belg. 2022 Mar;88(1):143-50.Full text  Abstract

82. US Preventive Services Task Force​. Vitamin D, calcium, or combined supplementation for the primary prevention of fractures in community-dwelling adults: preventive medication.Full text

83. Clement ND, Goudie EB, Brooksbank AJ, et al. Smoking status and the Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand score are early predictors of symptomatic nonunion of displaced midshaft fractures of the clavicle. Bone Joint J. 2016 Jan;98-B(1):125-30.Full text  Abstract

84. Itoi E, Arce G, Bain GI, et al. Shoulder stiffness: current concepts and concerns. Arthroscopy. 2016 Jul;32(7):1402-14. Abstract