Multiple myeloma

References

Key articles

Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, et al. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Nov;15(12):e538-48.Full text  Abstract

Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Terpos E, et al. Multiple myeloma: EHA-ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. Ann Oncol. 2021 Mar;32(3):309-22.Full text  Abstract

National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: multiple myeloma [internet publication].Full text

Mikhael J, Ismaila N, Cheung MC, et al. Treatment of multiple myeloma: ASCO and CCO joint clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2019 May 10;37(14):1228-63.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

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3. Rajkumar SV, Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, et al. International Myeloma Working Group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Nov;15(12):e538-48.Full text  Abstract

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16. Aksoy M, Erdem S, Dincol G, et al. Clinical observations showing the role of some factors in the etiology of multiple myeloma: a study in 7 patients. Acta Haematol. 1984;71(2):116-20. Abstract

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19. Landgren O, Kyle RA, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) consistently precedes multiple myeloma: a prospective study. Blood. 2009 May 28;113(22):5412-7.Full text  Abstract

20. Kyle RA, Larson DR, Therneau TM, et al. Long-term follow-up of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 18;378(3):241-9.Full text  Abstract

21. Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma. 2005 Sep;6(2):102-14. Abstract

22. Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, et al. A long-term study of prognosis in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 21;346(8):564-9.Full text  Abstract

23. Landgren O, Hofmann JN, McShane CM, et al. Association of immune marker changes with progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to multiple myeloma. JAMA Oncol. 2019 Jul 18;5(9):1293-301.Full text  Abstract

24. Chng WJ, Glebov O, Bergsagel PL, et al. Genetic events in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol. 2007 Dec;20(4):571-96.Full text  Abstract

25. Bianchi G, Munshi NC. Pathogenesis beyond the cancer clone(s) in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2015 May 14;125(20):3049-58.Full text  Abstract

26. Tian E, Sawyer JR, Heuck CJ, et al. In multiple myeloma, 14q32 translocations are nonrandom chromosomal fusions driving high expression levels of the respective partner genes. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2014 Jul;53(7):549-57.Full text  Abstract

27. Pratt G. Molecular aspects of multiple myeloma. Mol Pathol. 2002 Oct;55(5):273-83.Full text  Abstract

28. Van Wier S, Braggio E, Baker A, et al. Hypodiploid multiple myeloma is characterized by more aggressive molecular markers than non-hyperdiploid multiple myeloma. Haematologica. 2013 Oct;98(10):1586-92.Full text  Abstract

29. Bergsagel PL, Kuehl WM, Zhan F, et al. Cyclin D dysregulation: an early and unifying pathogenic event in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2005 Jul 1;106(1):296-303.Full text  Abstract

30. Fonseca R, Blood E, Rue M, et al. Clinical and biologic implications of recurrent genomic aberrations in myeloma. Blood. 2003 Jun 1;101(11):4569-75.Full text  Abstract

31. Weinhold N, Salwender HJ, Cairns DA, et al. Chromosome 1q21 abnormalities refine outcome prediction in patients with multiple myeloma - a meta-analysis of 2,596 trial patients. Haematologica. 2021 Oct 1;106(10):2754-8.Full text  Abstract

32. Varma A, Sui D, Milton DR, et al. Outcome of multiple myeloma with chromosome 1q gain and 1p deletion after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: propensity score matched analysis. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2020 Apr;26(4):665-71.Full text  Abstract

33. Ouyang J, Gou X, Ma Y, et al. Prognostic value of 1p deletion for multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. Int J Lab Hematol. 2014 Oct;36(5):555-65. Abstract

34. Bergsagel PL, Kuehl WM. Molecular pathogenesis and a consequent classification of multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Sep 10;23(26):6333-8. Abstract

35. Fonseca R, Bergsagel PL, Drach J, et al. International Myeloma Working Group molecular classification of multiple myeloma: spotlight review. Leukemia. 2009 Dec;23(12):2210-21.Full text  Abstract

36. Chapman MA, Lawrence MS, Keats JJ, et al. Initial genome sequencing and analysis of multiple myeloma. Nature. 2011 Mar 24;471(7339):467-72.Full text  Abstract

37. Wadhera RK, Rajkumar SV. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: a systematic review. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010 Oct;85(10):933-42.Full text  Abstract

38. Landgren O, Graubard BI, Katzmann JA, et al. Racial disparities in the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathies: a population-based study of 12,482 persons from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Leukemia. 2014 Jul;28(7):1537-42.Full text  Abstract

39. Bladé J. Clinical practice: monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 28;355(26):2765-70. Abstract

40. Cesana C, Klersy C, Barbarano L, et al. Prognostic factors for malignant transformation in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Mar 15;20(6):1625-34. Abstract

41. Kyle RA, Durie BG, Rajkumar SV, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma: IMWG consensus perspectives risk factors for progression and guidelines for monitoring and management. Leukemia. 2010 Jun;24(6):1121-7. Abstract

42. Rajkumar SV, Kyle RA, Therneau TM, et al. Serum free light chain ratio is an independent risk factor for progression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Blood. 2005 Aug 1;106(3):812-7.Full text  Abstract

43. Kuznetsova IS, Labutina EV, Hunter N. Radiation risks of leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma incidence in the Mayak cohort: 1948-2004. PLoS One. 2016 Sep 15;11(9):e0162710.Full text  Abstract

44. Dimopoulos MA, Moreau P, Terpos E, et al. Multiple myeloma: EHA-ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. Ann Oncol. 2021 Mar;32(3):309-22.Full text  Abstract

45. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: multiple myeloma [internet publication].Full text

46. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Myeloma: diagnosis and management. Oct 2018 [internet publication].Full text

47. Hillengass J, Usmani S, Rajkumar SV, et al. International Myeloma Working Group consensus recommendations on imaging in monoclonal plasma cell disorders. Lancet Oncol. 2019 Jun;20(6):e302-12. Abstract

48. Drayson M, Tang LX, Drew R, et al. Serum free light-chain measurements for identifying and monitoring patients with nonsecretory multiple myeloma. Blood. 2001 May 1;97(9):2900-2.Full text  Abstract

49. Kumar SK, Mikhael JR, Buadi FK, et al. Management of newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: updated Mayo Stratification of Myeloma and Risk-Adapted Therapy (mSMART) consensus guidelines. Mayo Clin Proc. 2009 Dec;84(12):1095-110.Full text  Abstract

50. Dispenzieri A, Kyle R, Merlini G, et al. International Myeloma Working Group guidelines for serum-free light chain analysis in multiple myeloma and related disorders. Leukemia. 2009 Feb;23(2):215-24. Abstract

51. Murray DL, Puig N, Kristinsson S, et al. Mass spectrometry for the evaluation of monoclonal proteins in multiple myeloma and related disorders: an International Myeloma Working Group Mass Spectrometry Committee Report. Blood Cancer J. 2021 Feb 1;11(2):24.Full text  Abstract

52. Zajec M, Jacobs JFM, Groenen PJTA, et al. Development of a targeted mass-spectrometry serum assay to quantify M-protein in the presence of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. J Proteome Res. 2018 Mar 2;17(3):1326-33. Abstract

53. Terpos E, Kleber M, Engelhardt M, et al; European Myeloma Network. European Myeloma Network guidelines for the management of multiple myeloma-related complications. Haematologica. 2015 Oct;100(10):1254-66.Full text  Abstract

54. Hillengass J, Moulopoulos LA, Delorme S, et al. Whole-body computed tomography versus conventional skeletal survey in patients with multiple myeloma: a study of the International Myeloma Working Group. Blood Cancer J. 2017 Aug 25;7(8):e599.Full text  Abstract

55. Walker R, Barlogie B, Haessler J, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging in multiple myeloma: diagnostic and clinical implications. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Mar 20;25(9):1121-8.Full text  Abstract

56. Hillengass J, Fechtner K, Weber MA, et al. Prognostic significance of focal lesions in whole-body magnetic resonance imaging in patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Mar 20;28(9):1606-10.Full text  Abstract

57. Regelink JC, Minnema MC, Terpos E, et al. Comparison of modern and conventional imaging techniques in establishing multiple myeloma-related bone disease: a systematic review. Br J Haematol. 2013 Jul;162(1):50-61.Full text  Abstract

58. Cavo M, Terpos E, Nanni C, et al. Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders: a consensus statement by the International Myeloma Working Group. Lancet Oncol. 2017 Apr;18(4):e206-17. Abstract

59. Zamagni E, Nanni C, Mancuso K, et al. PET/CT improves the definition of complete response and allows to detect otherwise unidentifiable skeletal progression in multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res. 2015 Oct 1;21(19):4384-90.Full text  Abstract

60. Pawlyn C, Fowkes L, Otero S, et al. Whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI: a new gold standard for assessing disease burden in patients with multiple myeloma? Leukemia. 2016 Jun;30(6):1446-8.Full text  Abstract

61. Durie BG, Salmon SE. A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma: correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival. Cancer. 1975 Sep;36(3):842-54. Abstract

62. Greipp PR, San Miguel J, Durie BG, et al. International staging system for multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2005 May 20;23(15):3412-20.Full text  Abstract

63. Palumbo A, Avet-Loiseau H, Oliva S, et al. Revised International Staging System for multiple myeloma: a report from International Myeloma Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Sep 10;33(26):2863-9.Full text  Abstract

64. D'Agostino M, Cairns DA, Lahuerta JJ, et al. Second revision of the International Staging System (R2-ISS) for overall survival in multiple myeloma: a European Myeloma Network (EMN) report within the HARMONY project. J Clin Oncol. 2022 Oct 10;40(29):3406-18.Full text  Abstract

65. Dimopoulos MA, Terpos E, Chanan-Khan A, et al. Renal impairment in patients with multiple myeloma: a consensus statement on behalf of the International Myeloma Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Nov 20;28(33):4976-84. Abstract

66. Pavo N, Cho A, Wurm R, et al. N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is associated with disease severity in multiple myeloma. Eur J Clin Invest. 2018 Apr;48(4). Abstract

67. Kumar SK, Rajkumar SV. The multiple myelomas - current concepts in cytogenetic classification and therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2018 Jul;15(7):409-21. Abstract

68. Bao L, Wang Y, Lu M, et al. Hypercalcemia caused by humoral effects and bone damage indicate poor outcomes in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Cancer Med. 2020 Dec;9(23):8962-9.Full text  Abstract

69. Zagouri F, Kastritis E, Zomas A, et al; Greek Myeloma Study Group. Hypercalcemia remains an adverse prognostic factor for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the era of novel antimyeloma therapies. Eur J Haematol. 2017 Nov;99(5):409-14. Abstract

70. Chen M, Zhao Y, Xu C, et al. Immunomodulatory drugs and the risk of serious infection in multiple myeloma: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and observational studies. Ann Hematol. 2018 Jun;97(6):925-44. Abstract

71. Teh BW, Harrison SJ, Worth LJ, et al. Infection risk with immunomodulatory and proteasome inhibitor-based therapies across treatment phases for multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer. 2016 Nov;67:21-37. Abstract

72. Hsu DC, Wilkenfeld P, Joshua DE. Multiple myeloma. BMJ. 2012 Jan 5;344:d7953. Abstract

73. Usmani SZ, Heuck C, Mitchell A, et al. Extramedullary disease portends poor prognosis in multiple myeloma and is over-represented in high-risk disease even in the era of novel agents. Haematologica. 2012 Nov;97(11):1761-7.Full text  Abstract

74. Bird J, Behrens J, Westin J; UK Myeloma Forum and Nordic Myeloma Study Group. Guidelines for the investigation of newly detected M-proteins and the management of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Br J Haematol. 2009 Oct;147(1):22-42. Abstract

75. Fernández de Larrea C, Kyle R, Rosiñol L, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: consensus definition by the International Myeloma Working Group according to peripheral blood plasma cell percentage. Blood Cancer J. 2021 Dec 2;11(12):192.Full text  Abstract

76. Dispenzieri A. POEMS syndrome: update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2023 Dec;98(12):1934-50.Full text  Abstract

77. Mateos MV, Kumar S, Dimopoulos MA, et al. International Myeloma Working Group risk stratification model for smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM). Blood Cancer J. 2020 Oct 16;10(10):102.Full text  Abstract

78. Raje N, Yee AJ. How we approach smoldering multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Apr 10;38(11):1119-25.Full text  Abstract

79. Bird JM, Owen RG, D'Sa S, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma 2011. Br J Haematol. 2011 Jul;154(1):32-75.Full text  Abstract

80. Koreth J, Cutler CS, Djulbegovic B, et al. High-dose therapy with single autologous transplantation versus chemotherapy for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2007 Feb;13(2):183-96.Full text  Abstract

81. Mikhael J, Ismaila N, Cheung MC, et al. Treatment of multiple myeloma: ASCO and CCO joint clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2019 May 10;37(14):1228-63.Full text  Abstract

82. Branagan A, Lei M, Lou U, et al. Current treatment strategies for multiple myeloma. JCO Oncol Pract. 2020 Jan;16(1):5-14.Full text  Abstract

83. Facon T, Leleu X, Manier S. How I treat multiple myeloma in geriatric patients. Blood. 2024 Jan 18;143(3):224-32.Full text  Abstract

84. Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Mateos MV, et al. Geriatric assessment predicts survival and toxicities in elderly myeloma patients: an International Myeloma Working Group report. Blood. 2015 Mar 26;125(13):2068-74.Full text  Abstract

85. Cook G, Royle KL, Pawlyn C, et al. A clinical prediction model for outcome and therapy delivery in transplant-ineligible patients with myeloma (UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profile): a development and validation study. Lancet Haematol. 2019 Mar;6(3):e154-e166.Full text  Abstract

86. Cavo M, Zamagni E, Tosi P, et al. Superiority of thalidomide and dexamethasone over vincristine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone (VAD) as primary therapy in preparation for autologous transplantation for multiple myeloma. Blood. 2005 Jul 1;106(1):35-9.Full text  Abstract

87. Cavo M, Pantani L, Pezzi A, et al. Bortezomib-thalidomide-dexamethasone (VTD) is superior to bortezomib-cyclophosphamide-dexamethasone (VCD) as induction therapy prior to autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Leukemia. 2015 Dec;29(12):2429-31. Abstract

88. Moreau P, Attal M, Facon T. Frontline therapy of multiple myeloma. Blood. 2015 May 14;125(20):3076-84.Full text  Abstract

89. Rajkumar SV. Multiple myeloma: 2024 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2024 Sep;99(9):1802-24.Full text  Abstract

90. Goldschmidt H, Mai EK, Bertsch U, et al. Addition of isatuximab to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone as induction therapy for newly diagnosed, transplantation-eligible patients with multiple myeloma (GMMG-HD7): part 1 of an open-label, multicentre, randomised, active-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2022 Nov;9(11):e810-21. Abstract

91. Sonneveld P, Dimopoulos MA, Boccadoro M, et al. Daratumumab, bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jan 25;390(4):301-13.Full text  Abstract

92. Mateos MV, Nahi H, Legiec W, et al. Subcutaneous versus intravenous daratumumab in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (COLUMBA): a multicentre, open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2020 May;7(5):e370-80. Abstract

93. Chari A, Rodriguez-Otero P, McCarthy H, et al. Subcutaneous daratumumab plus standard treatment regimens in patients with multiple myeloma across lines of therapy (PLEIADES): an open-label phase II study. Br J Haematol. 2021 Mar;192(5):869-78.Full text  Abstract

94. Attal M, Harousseau JL, Facon T, et al; InterGroupe Francophone du Myélome. Single versus double autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2003 Dec 25;349(26):2495-502.Full text  Abstract

95. Cavo M, Tosi P, Zamagni E, et al. Prospective, randomized study of single compared with double autologous stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: Bologna 96 clinical study. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun 10;25(17):2434-41.Full text  Abstract

96. Kumar A, Kharfan-Dabaja MA, Glasmacher A, et al. Tandem versus single autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for the treatment of multiple myeloma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2009 Jan 21;101(2):100-6.Full text  Abstract

97. Attal M, Lauwers-Cances V, Hulin C, et al; IFM 2009 Study. Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone with transplantation for myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2017 Apr 6;376(14):1311-20.Full text  Abstract

98. Richardson PG, Jacobus SJ, Weller EA, et al. Triplet therapy, transplantation, and maintenance until progression in myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2022 Jul 14;387(2):132-47.Full text  Abstract

99. Perrot A, Lauwers-Cances V, Cazaubiel T, et al. Early versus late autologous stem cell transplant in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: long-term follow-up analysis of the IFM 2009 trial. Blood. 2020;126:39.Full text

100. Lokhorst H, Einsele H, Vesole D, et al; International Myeloma Working Group. International Myeloma Working Group consensus statement regarding the current status of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2010 Oct 10;28(29):4521-30. Abstract

101. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology: hematopoietic cell transplantation [internet publication].Full text

102. Palumbo A, Bringhen S, Bruno B, et al. Melphalan 200 mg/m² versus melphalan 100 mg/m² in newly diagnosed myeloma patients: a prospective, multicenter phase 3 study. Blood. 2010 Mar 11;115(10):1873-9.Full text  Abstract

103. Greil C, Engelhardt M, Finke J, et al. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Dec 23;14(1):55.Full text  Abstract

104. Maymani H, Lin P, Saliba RM, et al. Comparison of outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for multiple myeloma using three different conditioning regimens. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2019 May;25(5):1039-44.Full text  Abstract

105. Palumbo A, Rajkumar SV, San Miguel JF, et al. International Myeloma Working Group consensus statement for the management, treatment, and supportive care of patients with myeloma not eligible for standard autologous stem-cell transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Feb 20;32(6):587-600.Full text  Abstract

106. Leleu X, Hulin C, Lambert J, et al. Isatuximab, lenalidomide, dexamethasone and bortezomib in transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: the randomized phase 3 BENEFIT trial. Nat Med. 2024 Jun 3.Full text  Abstract

107. Facon T, Dimopoulos MA, Leleu XP, et al. Isatuximab, bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2024 Jun 3.Full text  Abstract

108. Botta C, Gigliotta E, Paiva B, et al. Network meta-analysis of randomized trials in multiple myeloma: efficacy and safety in frontline therapy for patients not eligible for transplant. Hematol Oncol. 2022 Dec;40(5):987-98.Full text  Abstract

109. Gay F, Jackson G, Rosiñol L, et al. Maintenance treatment and survival in patients with myeloma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAMA Oncol. 2018 Oct 1;4(10):1389-97.Full text  Abstract

110. McCarthy PL, Holstein SA, Petrucci MT, et al. Lenalidomide maintenance after autologous stem-cell transplantation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Oct 10;35(29):3279-89.Full text  Abstract

111. Jackson GH, Davies FE, Pawlyn C, et al. Lenalidomide maintenance versus observation for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (Myeloma XI): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019 Jan;20(1):57-73.Full text  Abstract

112. Goldschmidt H, Lokhorst HM, Mai EK, et al. Bortezomib before and after high-dose therapy in myeloma: long-term results from the phase III HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 trial. Leukemia. 2018 Feb;32(2):383-90. Abstract

113. Mellqvist UH, Gimsing P, Hjertner O, et al. Bortezomib consolidation after autologous stem cell transplantation in multiple myeloma: a Nordic Myeloma Study Group randomized phase 3 trial. Blood. 2013 Jun 6;121(23):4647-54.Full text  Abstract

114. Niesvizky R, Flinn IW, Rifkin R, et al. Community-based phase IIIB trial of three UPFRONT bortezomib-based myeloma regimens. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Nov 20;33(33):3921-9.Full text  Abstract

115. Nooka AK, Kaufman JL, Muppidi S, et al. Consolidation and maintenance therapy with lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone (RVD) in high-risk myeloma patients. Leukemia. 2014 Mar;28(3):690-3. Abstract

116. Joseph NS, Kaufman JL, Dhodapkar MV, et al. Long-term follow-up results of lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone induction therapy and risk-adapted maintenance approach in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Jun 10;38(17):1928-37.Full text  Abstract

117. Gay F, Musto P, Rota-Scalabrini D, et al. Carfilzomib with cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone or lenalidomide and dexamethasone plus autologous transplantation or carfilzomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone, followed by maintenance with carfilzomib plus lenalidomide or lenalidomide alone for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (FORTE): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Dec;22(12):1705-20. Abstract

118. Voorhees PM, Sborov DW, Laubach J, et al. Addition of daratumumab to lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone for transplantation-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (GRIFFIN): final analysis of an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet Haematol. 2023 Oct;10(10):e825-37. Abstract

119. Moreau P, Hulin C, Perrot A, et al. Maintenance with daratumumab or observation following treatment with bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone with or without daratumumab and autologous stem-cell transplant in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (CASSIOPEIA): an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021 Oct;22(10):1378-90. Abstract

120. Dimopoulos MA, Gay F, Schjesvold F, et al. Oral ixazomib maintenance following autologous stem cell transplantation (TOURMALINE-MM3): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2019 Jan 19;393(10168):253-64. Abstract

121. Dimopoulos MA, Špička I, Quach H, et al. Ixazomib as postinduction maintenance for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma not undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation: the phase III TOURMALINE-MM4 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2020 Dec 1;38(34):4030-41.Full text  Abstract

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