ST-elevation myocardial infarction

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Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, et al; Writing Committee Members. 2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Nov 30;78(22):e187-285.Full text  Abstract

Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalore S, et al. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 Jan 18;145(3):e18-114.Full text  Abstract

Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 7;40(2):87-165.Full text  Abstract

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2. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, Jaffe AS, et al. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 14;40(3):237-69.Full text  Abstract

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15. O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2013 Jan 29;127(4):e362-425.Full text  Abstract

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17. Pandey A, Salahuddin U, Garg S, et al. Continuous dose-response association between sedentary time and risk for cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. JAMA Cardiol. 2016 Aug 1;1(5):575-83.Full text  Abstract

18. Grundy SM, Stone NJ, Bailey AL, et al. 2018 AHA/ACC/AACVPR/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ADA/AGS/APhA/ASPC/NLA/PCNA guideline on the management of blood cholesterol: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Jun 18;139(25):e1082-143.Full text  Abstract

19. Giugliano RP, Braunwald E. The year in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Sep 6;46(5):906-19.Full text  Abstract

20. Bachmann JM, Willis BL, Ayers CR, et al. Association between family history and coronary heart disease death across long-term follow-up in men: the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. Circulation. 2012 Jun 26;125(25):3092-8.Full text  Abstract

21. Qureshi AI, Suri MF, Guterman LR, et al. Cocaine use and the likelihood of nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Circulation. 2001 Jan 30;103(4):502-6.Full text  Abstract

22. Damluji AA, Forman DE, Wang TY, et al. Management of acute coronary syndrome in the older adult population: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Dec 12 [Epub ahead of print].Full text  Abstract

23. Arnett DK, Blumenthal RS, Albert MA, et al. 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2019 Sep 10;140(11):e596-646.Full text  Abstract

24. Visseren FLJ, Mach F, Smulders YM, et al. 2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice. Eur Heart J. 2021 Sep 7;42(34):3227-337.Full text  Abstract

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26. US Preventive Services Task Force; Davidson KW, Barry MJ, Mangione CM, et al. Aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2022 Apr 26;327(16):1577-84. Abstract

27. Gulati M, Levy PD, Mukherjee D, et al; Writing Committee Members. 2021 AHA/ACC/ASE/CHEST/SAEM/SCCT/SCMR guideline for the evaluation and diagnosis of chest pain: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Nov 30;78(22):e187-285.Full text  Abstract

28. O'Connor RE, Al Ali AS, Brady WJ, et al. Part 9: acute coronary syndromes: 2015 American Heart Association guidelines update for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care. Circulation. 2015 Nov 3;132(18 suppl 2):S483-500.Full text  Abstract

29. Writing Committee, Kontos MC, de Lemos JA, et al. 2022 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the evaluation and disposition of acute chest pain in the emergency department: a report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2022 Nov 15;80(20):1925-60.Full text  Abstract

30. Edvardsen T, Asch FM, Davidson B, et al. Non-invasive imaging in coronary syndromes: recommendations of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography, in collaboration with the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2022 Jan 24;23(2):e6-33.Full text  Abstract

31. Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, et al. 2014 AHA/ACC guideline for the management of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014 Dec 23;130(25):e344-426.Full text  Abstract

32. Morris F, Brady WJ. ABC of clinical electrocardiography: acute myocardial infarction - part I. BMJ. 2002 Apr 6;324(7341):831-4.Full text  Abstract

33. Verma VK, Hollenberg SM. Update on acute coronary syndromes and ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005 Oct;11(5):401-5. Abstract

34. Setiadi BM, Lei H, Chang J. Troponin not just a simple cardiac marker: prognostic significance of cardiac troponin. Chin Med J (Engl). 2009 Feb 5;122(3):351-8. Abstract

35. Gholap NN, Mehta RL, Ng L, et al. Is admission blood glucose concentration a more powerful predictor of mortality after myocardial infarction than diabetes diagnosis? A retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012 Sep 25;2(5):e001596.Full text  Abstract

36. Lipinski MJ, Escárcega RO, D'Ascenzo F, et al. A systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis to determine the incremental value of copeptin for rapid rule-out of acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2014 May 1;113(9):1581-91. Abstract

37. Edhouse J, Brady WJ, Morris F. ABC of clinical electrocardiography: acute myocardial infarction - part II. BMJ. 2002 Apr 20;324(7343):963-6.Full text  Abstract

38. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: chest pain - possible acute coronary syndrome. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

39. American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 appropriate use criteria for echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2011 Mar;24(3):229-67.Full text  Abstract

40. Lawton JS, Tamis-Holland JE, Bangalore S, et al. 2021 ACC/AHA/SCAI guideline for coronary artery revascularization: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2022 Jan 18;145(3):e18-114.Full text  Abstract

41. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Recent-onset chest pain of suspected cardiac origin: assessment and diagnosis. Nov 2016 [internet publication].Full text

42. Ibanez B, James S, Agewall S, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2017 ESC guidelines for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jan 7;39(2):119-77.Full text  Abstract

43. Chu DK, Kim LH, Young PJ, et al. Mortality and morbidity in acutely ill adults treated with liberal versus conservative oxygen therapy (IOTA): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2018 Apr 28;391(10131):1693-705. Abstract

44. Siemieniuk RAC, Chu DK, Kim LH, et al. Oxygen therapy for acutely ill medical patients: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2018 Oct 24;363:k4169. Abstract

45. Ahmad Y, Sen S, Shun-Shin MJ, et al. Intra-aortic balloon pump therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Jun;175(6):931-9.Full text  Abstract

46. Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, et al. Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2009 Feb 28;373(9665):723-31. Abstract

47. Goodwin MM, Desilets AR, Willett KC. Thienopyridines in acute coronary syndrome. Ann Pharmacother. 2011 Feb;45(2):207-17. Abstract

48. Steg PG, Bhatt DL, Hamm CW, et al. Effect of cangrelor on periprocedural outcomes in percutaneous coronary interventions: a pooled analysis of patient-level data. Lancet. 2013 Dec 14;382(9909):1981-92. Abstract

49. De Luca G, Cassetti E, Marino P. Percutaneous coronary intervention-related time delay, patient's risk profile, and survival benefits of primary angioplasty vs lytic therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Emerg Med. 2009 Jul;27(6):712-9. Abstract

50. Nielsen PH, Maeng M, Busk M, et al; DANAMI-2 Investigators. Primary angioplasty versus fibrinolysis in acute myocardial infarction: long-term follow-up in the Danish acute myocardial infarction 2 trial. Circulation. 2010 Apr 6;121(13):1484-91.Full text  Abstract

51. Neumann FJ, Sousa-Uva M, Ahlsson A, et al. 2018 ESC/EACTS guidelines on myocardial revascularization. Eur Heart J. 2019 Jan 7;40(2):87-165.Full text  Abstract

52. Wallace EL, Abdel-Latif A, Charnigo R, et al. Meta-analysis of long-term outcomes for drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in primary percutaneous coronary interventions for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 2012 Apr 1;109(7):932-40. Abstract

53. Raungaard B, Jensen LO, Tilsted HH, et al; Scandinavian Organization for Randomized Trials with Clinical Outcome (SORT OUT). Zotarolimus-eluting durable-polymer-coated stent versus a biolimus-eluting biodegradable-polymer-coated stent in unselected patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (SORT OUT VI): a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2015 Apr 18;385(9977):1527-35. Abstract

54. Sabaté M, Brugaletta S, Cequier A, et al. Clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with everolimus-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents (EXAMINATION): 5-year results of a randomised trial. Lancet. 2016 Jan 23;387(10016):357-66.Full text  Abstract

55. Andò G, Capodanno D. Radial versus femoral access in invasively managed patients with acute coronary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015 Dec 15;163(12):932-40. Abstract

56. Valgimigli M, Gagnor A, Calabró P, et al. Radial versus femoral access in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing invasive management: a randomised multicentre trial. Lancet. 2015 Jun 20;385(9986):2465-76. Abstract

57. Nardin M, Verdoia M, Barbieri L, et al. Radial vs femoral approach in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;16(1):79-92. Abstract

58. Engstrøm T, Kelbæk H, Helqvist S, et al; DANAMI-3-PRIMULTI Investigators. Complete revascularisation versus treatment of the culprit lesion only in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease (DANAMI-3-PRIMULTI): an open-label, randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2015 Aug 15;386(9994):665-71. Abstract

59. Gershlick AH, Khan JN, Kelly DJ, et al. Randomized trial of complete versus lesion-only revascularization in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI and multivessel disease: the CvLPRIT trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015 Mar 17;65(10):963-72.Full text  Abstract

60. Kowalewski M, Schulze V, Berti S, et al. Complete revascularisation in ST-elevation myocardial infarction and multivessel disease: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Heart. 2015 Aug;101(16):1309-17. Abstract

61. Bhindi R, Kajander OA, Jolly SS, et al. Culprit lesion thrombus burden after manual thrombectomy or percutaneous coronary intervention-alone in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: the optical coherence tomography sub-study of the TOTAL (ThrOmbecTomy versus PCI ALone) trial. Eur Heart J. 2015 Aug 1;36(29):1892-900.Full text  Abstract

62. Jolly SS, Cairns JA, Yusuf S, et al; TOTAL Investigators. Stroke in the TOTAL trial: a randomized trial of routine thrombectomy vs. percutaneous coronary intervention alone in ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2015 Sep 14;36(35):2364-72.Full text  Abstract

63. Jolly SS, Cairns JA, Yusuf S, et al; TOTAL Investigators. Outcomes after thrombus aspiration for ST elevation myocardial infarction: 1-year follow-up of the prospective randomised TOTAL trial. Lancet. 2016 Jan 9;387(10014):127-35.Full text  Abstract

64. Bangalore S, Makani H, Radford M, et al. Clinical outcomes with β-blockers for myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Am J Med. 2014 Oct;127(10):939-53.Full text  Abstract

65. Pizarro G, Fernández-Friera L, Fuster V, et al. Long-term benefit of early pre-reperfusion metoprolol administration in patients with acute myocardial infarction: results from the METOCARD-CNIC trial (Effect of Metoprolol in Cardioprotection During an Acute Myocardial Infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jun 10;63(22):2356-62.Full text  Abstract

66. Montalescot G, Pitt B, Lopez de Sa E, et al; REMINDER Investigators. Early eplerenone treatment in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction without heart failure: the Randomized Double-Blind Reminder Study. Eur Heart J. 2014 Sep 7;35(34):2295-302.Full text  Abstract

67. Gibson CM, Pride YB, Aylward PE, et al. Association of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated with fibrinolytic therapy: an ExTRACT-TIMI 25 analysis. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2009 Jan;27(1):11-7. Abstract

68. Borgia F, Goodman SG, Halvorsen S, et al. Early routine percutaneous coronary intervention after fibrinolysis vs. standard therapy in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2010 Sep;31(17):2156-69.Full text  Abstract

69. Wijeysundera HC, Vijayaraghavan R, Nallamothu BK, et al. Rescue angioplasty or repeat fibrinolysis after failed fibrinolytic therapy for ST-segment myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Jan 30;49(4):422-30.Full text  Abstract

70. Cantor WJ, Fitchett D, Borgundvaag B, et al. Routine early angioplasty after fibrinolysis for acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jun 25;360(26):2705-18.Full text  Abstract

71. Tubaro M, Danchin N, Goldstein P, et al. Pre-hospital treatment of STEMI patients: a scientific statement of the Working Group Acute Cardiac Care of the European Society of Cardiology. Acute Card Care. 2011 Jun;13(2):56-67. Abstract

72. Silvain J, Beygui F, Barthélémy O, et al. Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012 Feb 3;344:e553.Full text  Abstract

73. Singh S, Bahekar A, Molnar J, et al. Adjunctive low molecular weight heparin during fibrinolytic therapy in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Clin Cardiol. 2009 Jul;32(7):358-64. Abstract

74. Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Godfrey E, et al. SHould we emergently revascularize Occluded Coronaries for cardiogenic shocK: an international randomized trial of emergency PTCA/CABG-trial design. The SHOCK Trial Study Group. Am Heart J. 1999 Feb;137(2):313-21. Abstract

75. Thomas RJ, Beatty AL, Beckie TM, et al. Home-based cardiac rehabilitation: a scientific statement from the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, the American Heart Association, and the American College of Cardiology. Circulation. 2019 Jul 2;140(1):e69-89.Full text  Abstract

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78. Dibben G, Faulkner J, Oldridge N, et al. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation for coronary heart disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Nov 6;11(11):CD001800.Full text  Abstract

79. Valgimigli M, Bueno H, Byrne RA, et al. 2017 ESC focused update on dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease developed in collaboration with EACTS: The Task Force for dual antiplatelet therapy in coronary artery disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. 2018 Jan 14;39(3):213-60.Full text  Abstract

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81. Brito V, Ciapponi A, Kwong J. Factor Xa inhibitors for acute coronary syndromes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jan 19;(1):CD007038.Full text  Abstract

82. Mega JL, Braunwald E, Murphy SA, et al. Rivaroxaban in patients stabilized after a ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results from the ATLAS ACS-2-TIMI-51 trial (Anti-Xa Therapy to Lower Cardiovascular Events in Addition to Standard Therapy in Subjects with Acute Coronary Syndrome-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction-51). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 May 7;61(18):1853-9.Full text  Abstract

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86. DiNicolantonio JJ, Lavie CJ, Fares H, et al. L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Jun;88(6):544-51.Full text  Abstract

87. Fisher SA, Zhang H, Doree C, et al. Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Sep 30;(9):CD006536.Full text  Abstract

88. Choudry F, Hamshere S, Saunders N, et al. A randomized double-blind control study of early intra-coronary autologous bone marrow cell infusion in acute myocardial infarction: the REGENERATE-AMI clinical trial. Eur Heart J. 2016 Jan 14;37(3):256-63.Full text  Abstract

89. Promes SB, Glauser JM, Smith MD, et al; American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee (Writing Committee) on Reperfusion Therapy for Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Clinical policy: emergency department management of patients needing reperfusion therapy for acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Ann Emerg Med. 2017 Nov;70(5):724-39.Full text  Abstract

90. Patel MR, Calhoon JH, Dehmer GJ, et al. ACC/AATS/AHA/ASE/ASNC/SCAI/SCCT/STS 2016 appropriateness criteria for coronary revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Feb 7;69(5):570-91.Full text  Abstract

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92. Eckel RH, Jakicic JM, Ard JD, et al. 2013 AHA/ACC guideline on lifestyle management to reduce cardiovascular risk: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014 Jun 24;129(25 suppl 2):S76-99.Full text  Abstract

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94. Amin A. Improving the management of patients after myocardial infarction, from admission to discharge. Clin Ther. 2006 Oct;28(10):1509-39. Abstract

95. Grech ED, Ramsdale DR. Acute coronary syndrome: ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. BMJ. 2003 Jun 21;326(7403):1379-81.Full text  Abstract

96. Kikkert WJ, van Geloven N, van der Laan MH, et al. The prognostic value of bleeding academic research consortium (BARC)-defined bleeding complications in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a comparison with the TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction), GUSTO (Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries), and ISTH (International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis) bleeding classifications. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 May 13;63(18):1866-75.Full text  Abstract

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98. Grines CL, Bonow RO, Casey DE Jr, et al. Prevention of premature discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery stents: a science advisory from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, American College of Surgeons, and American Dental Association, with representation from the American College of Physicians. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Feb 13;49(6):734-9.Full text  Abstract

99. Post-Myocardial Infarction Depression Clinical Practice Guideline Panel. AAFP guideline for the detection and management of post-myocardial infarction depression. Ann Fam Med. 2009 Jan-Feb;7(1):71-9.Full text  Abstract

100. Levine GN, McEvoy JW, Fang JC, et al. Management of patients at risk for and with left ventricular thrombus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2022 Oct 11;146(15):e205-23.Full text  Abstract

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