Pulmonary embolism

References

Key articles

Konstantinides SV, Meyer G, Becattini C, et al. 2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism developed in collaboration with the European Respiratory Society (ERS). Eur Heart J. 2020 Jan 21;41(4):543-603.Full text

Stevens SM, Woller SC, Baumann Kreuziger L, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: second update of the CHEST guideline and expert panel report. 2021 Dec;160(6):e545-608.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. ACR Appropriateness Criteria®: suspected pulmonary embolism. 2022 [internet publication].Full text

Bates SM, Rajasekhar A, Middeldorp S, et al. American Society of Hematology 2018 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: venous thromboembolism in the context of pregnancy. Blood Adv. 2018 Nov 27;2(22):3317-59.Full text  Abstract

Stevens SM, Woller SC, Baumann Kreuziger L, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: compendium and review of CHEST guidelines 2012-2021. Chest. 2024 Aug;166(2):388-404.Full text  Abstract

Lyman GH, Carrier M, Ay C, et al. American Society of Hematology 2021 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention and treatment in patients with cancer. Blood Adv. 2021 Feb 23;5(4):927-74.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

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53. Stein PD, Huang HI, Afzal A, et al. Incidence of acute pulmonary embolism in a general hospital: relation to age, sex, and race. Chest. 1999 Oct;116(4):909-13. Abstract

54. Horlander KT, Mannino DM, Leeper KV. Pulmonary embolism mortality in the United States, 1979-1998: an analysis using multiple-cause mortality data. Arch Intern Med. 2003 Jul 28;163(14):1711-7. Abstract

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56. Heit JA, Kobbervig CE, James AH, et al. Trends in the incidence of venous thromboembolism during pregnancy or postpartum: a 30-year population-based study. Ann Intern Med. 2005 Nov 15;143(10):697-706. Abstract

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75. Angelini D, Khorana AA. Risk assessment scores for cancer-associated venous thromboembolic disease. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2017 Jul;43(5):469-78.Full text  Abstract

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78. Ayele HT, Brunetti VC, Renoux C, et al. Testosterone replacement therapy and the risk of venous thromboembolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Thromb Res. 2021 Mar;199:123-31. Abstract

79. Walker RF, Zakai NA, MacLehose RF, et al. Association of testosterone therapy with risk of venous thromboembolism among men with and without hypogonadism. JAMA Intern Med. 2020 Feb 1;180(2):190-7.Full text  Abstract

80. Schmidt M, Christiansen CF, Horváth-Puhó E, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and risk of venous thromboembolism. J Thromb Haemost. 2011 Jul;9(7):1326-33.Full text  Abstract

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82. Parkin L, Balkwill A, Sweetland S, et al. Antidepressants, depression, and venous thromboembolism risk: large prospective study of UK women. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 May 17;6(5):e005316.Full text  Abstract

83. Turpie AG, Chin BS, Lip GY. ABC of antithrombotic therapy: Venous thromboembolism: treatment strategies. BMJ. 2002 Oct 26;325(7370):948-50.Full text  Abstract

84. Gigante B, Tamargo J, Agewall S, et al. Update on antithrombotic therapy and body mass: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology working group on cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and the European Society of Cardiology working group on thrombosis. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother. 2024 Nov 6;10(7):614-45.Full text  Abstract

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92. Stuck AK, Spirk D, Schaudt J, et al. Risk assessment models for venous thromboembolism in acutely ill medical patients. A systematic review. Thromb Haemost. 2017 Apr 3;117(4):801-8.Full text  Abstract

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96. Kakkos S, Kirkilesis G, Caprini JA, et al. Combined intermittent pneumatic leg compression and pharmacological prophylaxis for prevention of venous thromboembolism. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Jan 28;1(1):CD005258.Full text  Abstract

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102. Lassen MR, Ageno W, Borris LC, et al. Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jun 26;358(26):2776-86.Full text  Abstract

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108. Middleton P, Shepherd E, Gomersall JC. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for women at risk during pregnancy and the early postnatal period. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Mar 29;3(3):CD001689.Full text  Abstract

109. Cohen AT, Harrington RA, Goldhaber SZ, et al. Extended thromboprophylaxis with betrixaban in acutely ill medical patients. N Engl J Med. 2016 Aug 11;375(6):534-44.Full text  Abstract

110. Spyropoulos AC, Ageno W, Albers GW, et al. Rivaroxaban for thromboprophylaxis after hospitalization for medical illness. N Engl J Med. 2018 Sep 20;379(12):1118-27.Full text  Abstract

111. Bajaj NS, Vaduganathan M, Qamar A, et al. Extended prophylaxis for venous thromboembolism after hospitalization for medical illness: A trial sequential and cumulative meta-analysis. PLoS Med. 2019 Apr;16(4):e1002797.Full text  Abstract

112. Agnelli G, Becattini C, Meyer G, et al. Apixaban for the treatment of venous thromboembolism associated with cancer. N Engl J Med. 2020 Apr 23;382(17):1599-607.Full text  Abstract

113. Douma RA, Mos IC, Erkens PM, et al. Performance of 4 clinical decision rules in the diagnostic management of acute pulmonary embolism: a prospective cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2011 Jun 7;154(11):709-18.Full text  Abstract

114. Kahale LA, Matar CF, Tsolakian I, et al. Oral anticoagulation in people with cancer who have no therapeutic or prophylactic indication for anticoagulation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Oct 8;10(10):CD006466.Full text  Abstract

115. Clarke MJ, Broderick C, Hopewell S, et al. Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Apr 20;4(4):CD004002.Full text  Abstract

116. Coker RK, Armstrong A, Church AC, et al. BTS clinical statement on air travel for passengers with respiratory disease. Thorax. 2022 Apr;77(4):329-50.Full text  Abstract

117. Pollack CV, Schreiber D, Goldhaber SZ, et al. Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism in the emergency department: initial report of EMPEROR (Multicenter Emergency Medicine Pulmonary Embolism in the Real World Registry). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011 Feb 8;57(6):700-6.Full text  Abstract

118. Bajaj N, Bozarth AL, Guillot J, et al. Clinical features in patients with pulmonary embolism at a community hospital: analysis of 4 years of data. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2014 Apr;37(3):287-92. Abstract

119. Stein PD, Willis PW 3rd, DeMets DL. History and physical examination in acute pulmonary embolism in patients without preexisting cardiac or pulmonary disease. Am J Cardiol. 1981 Feb;47(2):218-23. Abstract

120. Courtney DM, Kline JA, Kabrhel C, et al. Clinical features from the history and physical examination that predict the presence or absence of pulmonary embolism in symptomatic emergency department patients: results of a prospective, multicenter study. Ann Emerg Med. 2010 Apr;55(4):307-15.e1.Full text  Abstract

121. Bajaj R, Ramanakumar A, Mamidala S, et al. Successful treatment of mobile right atrial thrombus and acute pulmonary embolism with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. BMJ Case Rep. 2013 Jul 25;2013:bcr2013010255. Abstract

122. Matthews JC, McLaughlin V. Acute right ventricular failure in the setting of acute pulmonary embolism or chronic pulmonary hypertension: a detailed review of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2008 Feb;4(1):49-59.Full text  Abstract

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