Precocious puberty

References

Key articles

Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969 Jun;44(235):291-303.Full text  Abstract

Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child. 1970 Feb;45(239):13-23.Full text  Abstract

Zacharin M. The spectrum of McCune Albright syndrome. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2007 Aug;4(suppl 4):412-8. Abstract

Carel JC, Eugster EA, Rogol A, et al. Consensus statement on the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children. Pediatrics. 2009 Apr;123(4):e752-62. Abstract

Carel JC, Eugster EA, Rogol A, et al. Consensus statement on the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children. Pediatrics. 2009;123:752-762. Abstract

Reference articles

1. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls. Arch Dis Child. 1969 Jun;44(235):291-303.Full text  Abstract

2. Marshall WA, Tanner JM. Variations in the pattern of pubertal changes in boys. Arch Dis Child. 1970 Feb;45(239):13-23.Full text  Abstract

3. Cesario SK, Hughes LA. Precocious puberty: a comprehensive review of literature. J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2007 May-Jun;36(3):263-74. Abstract

4. Bridges NA, Christopher JA, Hindmarsh PC, et al. Sexual precocity: sex incidence and aetiology. Arch Dis Child. 1994 Feb;70(2):116-8.Full text  Abstract

5. Pescovitz OH, Comite F, Hench K, et al. The NIH experience with precocious puberty: diagnostic subgroups and response to short-term luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogue therapy. J Pediatr. 1986 Jan;108(1):47-54. Abstract

6. Stanhope R, Brook CG, Pringle PJ, et al. Induction of puberty by pulsatile gonadotropin releasing hormone. Lancet. 1987 Sep 5;2(8558):552-5. Abstract

7. Biro FM, Galvez MP, Greenspan LC, et al. Pubertal assessment method and baseline characteristics in a mixed longitudinal study of girls. Pediatrics. 2010 Sep;126(3):e583-90.Full text  Abstract

8. Tanner JM. Trend towards earlier menarche in London, Oslo, Copenhagen, the Netherlands and Hungary. Nature. 1973 May 11;243(5402):95-6. Abstract

9. Biro FM, Khoury P, Morrison JA. Influence of obesity on timing of puberty. Int J Androl. 2006 Feb;29(1):272-7. Abstract

10. Delemarre-van de Waal HA. Secular trend of timing of puberty. Endocr Dev. 2005;8:1-14. Abstract

11. de la Puente ML, Canela J, Alvarez J, et al. Cross-sectional growth study of the child and adolescent population of Catalonia (Spain). Ann Hum Biol. 1997 Sep-Oct;24(5):435-52. Abstract

12. Mul D, Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, et al. Pubertal development in The Netherlands 1965-1997. Pediatr Res. 2001 Oct;50(4):479-86. Abstract

13. Himes JH. Examining the evidence for recent secular changes in the timing of puberty in US children in light of increases in the prevalence of obesity. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2006;254-255:13-21. Abstract

14. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. High body mass index for age among US children and adolescents, 2003-2006. JAMA. 2008 May 28;299(20):2401-5.Full text  Abstract

15. Osler DC, Crawford JD. Examination of the hypothesis of a critical weight at menarche in ambulatory and bedridden mentally retarded girls. Pediatrics. 1973 Apr;51(4):675-9. Abstract

16. Massart F, Parrino R, Seppia P, et al. How do environmental estrogen disruptors induce precocious puberty? Minerva Pediatr. 2006 Jun;58(3):247-54. Abstract

17. Habiby R, Silverman B, Listernick R, et al. Precocious puberty in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. J Pediatr. 1995 Mar;126(3):364-7. Abstract

18. Carmi D, Shohat M, Metzker A, et al. Growth, puberty, and endocrine functions in patients with sporadic or familial neurofibromatosis type 1: a longitudinal study. Pediatrics. 1999 Jun;103(6 Pt 1):1257-62. Abstract

19. Teles MG, Bianco SD, Brito VN, et al. A GPR54-activating mutation in a patient with central precocious puberty. N Engl J Med. 2008 Feb 14;358(7):709-15.Full text  Abstract

20. Nanduri VR, Stanhope R. Why is the retention of gonadotropin secretion common in children with panhypopituitarism due to septo-optic dysplasia? Eur J Endocrinol. 1999 Jan;140(1):48-50.Full text  Abstract

21. Parent AS, Teilmann G, Juul A, et al. The timing of normal puberty and the age limits of sexual precocity: variations around the world, secular trends, and changes after migration. Endocr Rev. 2003 Oct;24(5):668-93.Full text  Abstract

22. Proos LA, Hofvander Y, Tuvemo T. Menarcheal age and growth pattern of Indian girls adopted in Sweden - I: menarcheal age. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1991 Aug-Sep;80(8-9):852-8. Abstract

23. Herman-Giddens ME, Sandler AD, Friedman NE. Sexual precocity in girls: an association with sexual abuse? Am J Dis Child. 1988 Apr;142(4):431-3. Abstract

24. Nogueira K, Liberman B, Pimentel-Filho FR, et al. hCG-secreting pineal teratoma causing precocious puberty: report of two patients and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Sep-Oct;15(8):1195-201. Abstract

25. Ojeda SR, Lomniczi A, Mastronardi C, et al. Minireview: the neuroendocrine regulation of puberty: is the time ripe for a systems biology approach? Endocrinology. 2006 Mar;147(3):1166-74.Full text  Abstract

26. Martha PM Jr, Rogol AD, Veldhuis JD, et al. Alterations in the pulsatile properties of circulating growth hormone concentrations during puberty in boys. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1989 Sep;69(3):563-70. Abstract

27. Veldhuis JD, Metzger DL, Martha PM Jr, et al. Estrogen and testosterone, but not a nonaromatizable androgen, direct network integration of the hypothalamo-somatotrope (growth hormone)-insulin-like growth factor I axis in the human: evidence from pubertal pathophysiology and sex-steroid hormone replacement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1997 Oct;82(10):3414-20. Abstract

28. Ogilvy-Stuart AL, Clayton PE, Shalet SM. Cranial irradiation and early puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Jun;78(6):1282-6. Abstract

29. Zacharin M. The spectrum of McCune Albright syndrome. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2007 Aug;4(suppl 4):412-8. Abstract

30. Volkl TM, Dorr HG. McCune-Albright syndrome: clinical picture and natural history in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;19(suppl 2):551-9. Abstract

31. Mieszczak J, Eugster EA. Treatment of precocious puberty in McCune-Albright syndrome. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2007 Aug;4(suppl 4):419-22. Abstract

32. Latronico AC, Abell AN, Arnhold IJ, et al. A unique constitutively activating mutation in third transmembrane helix of luteinizing hormone receptor causes sporadic male gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Jul;83(7):2435-40. Abstract

33. Kremer H, Martens JW, van Reen M, et al. A limited repertoire of mutations of the luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor gene in familial and sporadic patients with male LH-independent precocious puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Mar;84(3):1136-40. Abstract

34. Hayes P. International adoption, "early" puberty, and underrecorded age. Pediatrics. 2013 Jun;131(6):1029-31. Abstract

35. Jung H, Parent AS, Ojeda SR. Hypothalamic hamartoma: a paradigm/model for studying the onset of puberty. Endocr Dev. 2005;8:81-93. Abstract

36. Bayley N, Pinneau SR. Tables for predicting adult height from skeletal age: revised for use with the Greulich-Pyle hand standards. J Pediatr. 1952 Apr;40(4):423-41. Abstract

37. Mahachoklertwattana P, Kaplan SL, Grumbach MM. The luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-secreting hypothalamic hamartoma is a congenital malformation: natural history. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1993 Jul;77(1):118-24. Abstract

38. Kaplowitz PB. Do 6-8 year old girls with central precocious puberty need routine brain imaging? Int J Pediatr Endocrinol. 2016 May 4;2016:9.Full text  Abstract

39. Kaplowitz P, Bloch C; Section on Endocrinology, American Academy of Pediatrics. Evaluation and referral of children with signs of early puberty. Pediatrics. 2016;137.Full text  Abstract

40. Lewis KA, Goldyn AK, West KW, et al. A single histrelin implant is effective for 2 years for treatment of central precocious puberty. J Pediatr. 2013 Oct;163(4):1214-6.Full text  Abstract

41. Eugster EA, Clarke W, Kletter GB, et al. Efficacy and safety of histrelin subdermal implant in children with central precocious puberty: a multicenter trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 May;92(5):1697-704. Abstract

42. Hirsch HJ, Gillis D, Strich D, et al. The histrelin implant: a novel treatment for central precocious puberty. Pediatrics. 2005 Dec;116(6):e798-802.Full text  Abstract

43. Tuvemo T. Treatment of central precocious puberty. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2006 May;15(5):495-505. Abstract

44. Galluzzi F, Salti R, Bindi G, et al. Adult height comparison between boys and girls with precocious puberty after long-term gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue therapy. Acta Paediatr. 1998 May;87(5):521-7. Abstract

45. Paul D, Conte FA, Grumbach MM, et al. Long-term effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy on final and near-final height in 26 children with true precocious puberty treated at a median age of less than 5 years. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Feb;80(2):546-51. Abstract

46. Kletter GB, Kelch RP. Clinical review 60: effects of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog therapy on adult stature in precocious puberty. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Aug;79(2):331-4. Abstract

47. Carel JC, Eugster EA, Rogol A, et al. Consensus statement on the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children. Pediatrics. 2009 Apr;123(4):e752-62. Abstract

48. Carel JC, Lahlou N, Roger M, et al. Precocious puberty and statural growth. Hum Reprod Update. 2004 Mar-Apr;10(2):135-47.Full text  Abstract

49. Kaplowitz PB, Backeljauw PF, Allen DB. Toward more targeted and cost-effective gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog treatment in girls with central precocious puberty. Horm Res Paediatr. 2018;90(1):1-7.Full text  Abstract

50. Saggese G, Bertelloni S, Baroncelli GI, et al. Reduction of bone density: an effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue treatment in central precocious puberty. Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Sep;152(9):717-20. Abstract

51. Syed FA, Chalew SA. Ketoconazole treatment of gonadotropin independent precocious puberty in girls with McCune-Albright syndrome: a preliminary report. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Jan-Feb;12(1):81-3. Abstract

52. Feuillan PP, Foster CM, Pescovitz OH, et al. Treatment of precocious puberty in the McCune-Albright syndrome with the aromatase inhibitor testolactone. N Engl J Med. 1986 Oct 30;315(18):1115-9. Abstract

53. Feuillan P, Calis K, Hill S, et al. Letrozole treatment of precocious puberty in girls with the McCune-Albright syndrome: a pilot study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Jun;92(6):2100-6. Abstract

54. Kreher NC, Pescovitz OH, Delameter P, et al. Treatment of familial male-limited precocious puberty with bicalutamide and anastrozole. J Pediatr. 2006 Sep;149(3):416-20. Abstract

55. Feuillan P, Merke D, Leschek EW, et al. Use of aromatase inhibitors in precocious puberty. Endocr Relat Cancer. 1999 Jun;6(2):303-6.Full text  Abstract

56. Leschek EW, Jones J, Barnes KM, et al. Six-year results of spironolactone and testolactone treatment of familial male-limited precocious puberty with addition of deslorelin after central puberty onset. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1999 Jan;84(1):175-8. Abstract

57. Laue L, Kenigsberg D, Pescovitz OH, et al. Treatment of familial male precocious puberty with spironolactone and testolactone. N Engl J Med. 1989 Feb 23;320(8):496-502. Abstract

58. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA drug safety communication: FDA limits usage of Nizoral (ketoconazole) oral tablets due to potentially fatal liver injury and risk of drug interactions and adrenal gland problems. 19 May 2016 [internet publication].Full text

59. Lee PA. Medroxyprogesterone therapy for sexual precocity in girls. Am J Dis Child. 1981 May;135(5):443-5. Abstract

60. Eugster EA, Rubin SD, Reiter EO, et al. Tamoxifen treatment for precocious puberty in McCune-Albright syndrome: a multicenter trial. J Pediatr. 2003 Jul;143(1):60-6. Abstract

61. Cook DM, Yuen KC, Biller BM, et al. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for growth hormone use in growth hormone-deficient adults and transition patients - 2009 update. Endocr Pract. 2009 Sep-Oct;15(suppl 2):1-29.Full text  Abstract

62. GH Research Society. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of growth hormone (GH) deficiency in childhood and adolescence: summary statement of the GH Research Society. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Nov;85(11):3990-3.Full text  Abstract

63. Almeida MQ, Brito VN, Lins TS, et al. Long-term treatment of familial male-limited precocious puberty (testotoxicosis) with cyproterone acetate or ketoconazole. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2008 Jul;69(1):93-8. Abstract

64. Carel JC, Eugster EA, Rogol A, et al. Consensus statement on the use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in children. Pediatrics. 2009;123:752-762. Abstract

65. Paterson WF, McNeill E, Young D, et al. Auxological outcome and time to menarche following long-acting goserelin therapy in girls with central precocious or early puberty. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2004 Nov;61(5):626-34. Abstract

66. Paterson WF, Hollman AS, Reid S, et al. Efficacy of Zoladex LA (goserelin) in the treatment of girls with central precocious or early puberty. Arch Dis Child. 1998 Oct;79(4):323-7.Full text  Abstract

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