Neurally mediated reflex syncope

References

Key articles

Shen WK, Sheldon RS, Benditt DG, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/HRS guideline for the evaluation and management of patients with syncope: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm. 2017 Aug;14(8):e155-217.Full text  Abstract

Brignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jun 1;39(21):1883-948.Full text  Abstract

Moya A, Brignole M, Menozzi C, et al; International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE) Investigators. Mechanism of syncope in patients with isolated syncope and in patients with tilt-positive syncope. Circulation. 2001 Sep 11;104(11):1261-7.Full text  Abstract

Sandhu RK, Raj SR, Manlucu J, et al; Primary Writing Committee. Canadian Cardiovascular Society clinical practice update on the assessment and management of syncope. Can J Cardiol. 2020 Aug;36(8):1167-77.Full text  Abstract

Reed MJ, Newby DE, Coull AJ, et al. The ROSE (risk stratification of syncope in the emergency department) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Feb 23;55(8):713-21.Full text  Abstract

Benditt DG, Ferguson DW, Grubb BP, et al. Tilt table testing for assessing syncope. American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996 Jul;28(1):263-75. Abstract

Raviele A, Giada F, Menozzi C, et al; Vasovagal Syncope and Pacing Trial Investigators. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of permanent cardiac pacing for the treatment of recurrent tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. The Vasovagal Syncope and Pacing Trial (SYNPACE). Eur Heart J. 2004 Oct;25(19):1741-8.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

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2. Brignole M, Moya A, de Lange FJ, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope. Eur Heart J. 2018 Jun 1;39(21):1883-948.Full text  Abstract

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26. Sandhu RK, Raj SR, Manlucu J, et al; Primary Writing Committee. Canadian Cardiovascular Society clinical practice update on the assessment and management of syncope. Can J Cardiol. 2020 Aug;36(8):1167-77.Full text  Abstract

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29. Reed MJ, Newby DE, Coull AJ, et al. The ROSE (risk stratification of syncope in the emergency department) study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Feb 23;55(8):713-21.Full text  Abstract

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34. Raviele A, Giada F, Menozzi C, et al; Vasovagal Syncope and Pacing Trial Investigators. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of permanent cardiac pacing for the treatment of recurrent tilt-induced vasovagal syncope. The Vasovagal Syncope and Pacing Trial (SYNPACE). Eur Heart J. 2004 Oct;25(19):1741-8.Full text  Abstract

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39. Thijs RD, Brignole M, Falup-Pecurariu C, et al. Recommendations for tilt table testing and other provocative cardiovascular autonomic tests in conditions that may cause transient loss of consciousness: consensus statement of the European Federation of Autonomic Societies (EFAS) endorsed by the American Autonomic Society (AAS) and the European Academy of Neurology (EAN). Auton Neurosci. 2021 Jul;233:102792.Full text  Abstract

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41. Brignole M, Menozzi C, Moya A, et al; International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE) Investigators. Mechanism of syncope in patients with bundle branch block and negative electrophysiological test. Circulation. 2001 Oct 23;104(17):2045-50.Full text  Abstract

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45. Flammang D, Chassing A, Donal E, et al. Reproducibility of the adenosine-5'-triphosphate test in vasovagal syndrome. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1998 Nov;9(11):1161-6. Abstract

46. Blanc JJ. Clinical laboratory testing: what is the role of tilt-table testing, active standing test, carotid massage, electrophysiological testing and ATP test in the syncope evaluation? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2013 Jan-Feb;55(4):418-24. Abstract

47. Benditt DG, Samniah N, Pham S, et al. Effect of cough on heart rate and blood pressure in patients with "cough syncope". Heart Rhythm. 2005 Aug;2(8):807-13. Abstract

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49. Izcovich A, González Malla C, Manzotti M, et al. Midodrine for orthostatic hypotension and recurrent reflex syncope: a systematic review. Neurology. 2014 Sep 23;83(13):1170-7. Abstract

50. Krediet CT, van Dijk N, Linzer M, et al. Management of vasovagal syncope: controlling or aborting faints by leg crossing and muscle tensing. Circulation. 2002 Sep 24;106(13):1684-9.Full text  Abstract

51. Brignole M, Croci F, Menozzi C, et al. Isometric arm counter-pressure maneuvers to abort impending vasovagal syncope. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Dec 4;40(11):2053-9.Full text  Abstract

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54. Di Girolamo E, Di Iorio C, Leonzio L, et al. Usefulness of a tilt training program for the prevention of refractory neurocardiogenic syncope in adolescents: a controlled study. Circulation. 1999 Oct 26;100(17):1798-801.Full text  Abstract

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57. On YK, Park J, Huh J, et al. Is home orthostatic self-training effective in preventing neurally mediated syncope? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2007 May;30(5):638-43. Abstract

58. Gurevitz O, Barsheshet A, Bar-Lev D, et al. Tilt training: does it have a role in preventing vasovagal syncope? Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2007 Dec;30(12):1499-505. Abstract

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66. Perez-Lugones A, Schweikert R, Pavia S, et al. Usefulness of midodrine in patients with severely symptomatic neurocardiogenic syncope: a randomized control study. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2001 Aug;12(8):935-8. Abstract

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70. Grubb BP, Wolfe DA, Samoil D, et al. Usefulness of fluoxetine hydrochloride for prevention of resistant upright tilt induced syncope. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1993 Mar;16(3 Pt 1):458-64. Abstract

71. Ammirati F, Colivicchi F, Santini M; Syncope Diagnosis and Treatment Study Investigators. Permanent cardiac pacing versus medical treatment for the prevention of recurrent vasovagal syncope: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Circulation. 2001 Jul 3;104(1):52-7.Full text  Abstract

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74. Russo V, Rago A, Papa AA, et al. The effect of dual-chamber closed-loop stimulation on syncope recurrence in healthy patients with tilt-induced vasovagal cardioinhibitory syncope: a prospective, randomised, single-blind, crossover study. Heart. 2013 Nov;99(21):1609-13. Abstract

75. Sun W, Zheng L, Qiao Y, et al. Catheter ablation as a treatment for vasovagal syncope: long-term outcome of endocardial autonomic modification of the left atrium. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Jul 8;5(7):e003471.Full text  Abstract

76. Sahota IS, Maxey C, Pournazari P, et al. Clusters, gaps, and randomness: vasovagal syncope recurrence patterns. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017 Sep;3(9):1046-53.Full text  Abstract

77. Pournazari P, Sahota I, Sheldon R. High remission rates in vasovagal syncope: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational and randomized studies. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2017 Apr;3(4):384-92.Full text  Abstract

78. Solbiati M, Casazza G, Dipaola F, et al. Syncope recurrence and mortality: a systematic review. Europace. 2015 Feb;17(2):300-8.Full text  Abstract

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