Empyema

References

Key articles

Shen KR, Bribriesco A, Crabtree T, et al. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery consensus guidelines for the management of empyema. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Jun;153(6):e129-46.Full text  Abstract

Maskell NA, Davies CW, Nunn AJ, et al. UK controlled trial of intrapleural streptokinase for pleural infection. N Engl J Med. 2005 Mar 3;352(9):865-74.Full text  Abstract

Canadian Paediatric Society. Paediatric complicated pneumonia: diagnosis and management of empyema. Jan 2024 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

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8. Shen KR, Bribriesco A, Crabtree T, et al. The American Association for Thoracic Surgery consensus guidelines for the management of empyema. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2017 Jun;153(6):e129-46.Full text  Abstract

9. Roxburgh CS, Youngson GG. Childhood empyema in North-East Scotland over the past 15 years. Scott Med J. 2007 Nov;52(4):25-7. Abstract

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25. Rahman NM, Kahan BC, Miller RF, et al. A clinical score (RAPID) to identify those at risk for poor outcome at presentation in patients with pleural infection. Chest. 2014 Apr;145(4):848-55. Abstract

26. Canadian Paediatric Society. Paediatric complicated pneumonia: diagnosis and management of empyema. Jan 2024 [internet publication].Full text

27. Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand. Paediatric empyema thoracis: recommendations for management. 2011 [internet publication].Full text

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31. Rahman NM, Mishra EK, Davies HE, et al. Clinically important factors influencing the diagnostic measurement of pleural fluid pH and glucose. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008 Sep 1;178(5):483-90.Full text  Abstract

32. Heffner JE, Brown LK, Barbieri C, et al. Pleural fluid chemical analysis in parapneumonic effusions. A meta-analysis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Jun;151(6):1700-8. Abstract

33. Kearney SE, Davies CW, Davies RJ, et al. Computed tomography and ultrasound in parapneumonic effusions and empyema. Clin Radiol. 2000 Jul;55(7):542-7. Abstract

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35. Duysinx B, Nguyen D, Louis R, et al. Evaluation of pleural disease with 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging. Chest. 2004 Feb;125(2):489-93. Abstract

36. Lim WS, Baudouin SV, George RC, et al. BTS guidelines for the management of community acquired pneumonia in adults: update 2009. Thorax. 2009 Oct;64(suppl 3):iii1-55.Full text

37. Bedawi EO, Stavroulias D, Hedley E, et al. Early video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery or intrapleural enzyme therapy in pleural infection: a feasibility randomized controlled trial. The Third Multicenter Intrapleural Sepsis Trial-MIST-3. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2023 Dec 15;208(12):1305-15.Full text  Abstract

38. Corcoran JP, Psallidas I, Gerry S, et al. Prospective validation of the RAPID clinical risk prediction score in adult patients with pleural infection: the PILOT study. Eur Respir J. 2020 Nov 26;56(5):2000130.Full text  Abstract

39. Redden MD, Chin TY, van Driel ML. Surgical versus non-surgical management for pleural empyema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Mar 17;(3):CD010651.Full text  Abstract

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43. Chaddha U, Agrawal A, Feller-Kopman D, et al. Use of fibrinolytics and deoxyribonuclease in adult patients with pleural empyema: a consensus statement. Lancet Respir Med. 2021 Sep;9(9):1050-64. Abstract

44. Janda S, Swiston J. Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy for treatment of adult parapneumonic effusions and empyemas: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2012 Aug;142(2):401-11. Abstract

45. Altmann ES, Crossingham I, Wilson S, et al. Intra-pleural fibrinolytic therapy versus placebo, or a different fibrinolytic agent, in the treatment of adult parapneumonic effusions and empyema. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Oct 30;2019(10):CD002312.Full text  Abstract

46. Bouros D, Tzouvelekis A, Antoniou KM, et al. Intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy for pleural infection. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2007;20(6):616-26. Abstract

47. Akulian J, Bedawi EO, Abbas H, et al. Bleeding risk with combination intrapleural fibrinolytic and enzyme therapy in pleural infection: an international, multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Chest. 2022 Dec;162(6):1384-92.Full text  Abstract

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49. Fysh ETH, Tremblay A, Feller-Kopman D, et al. Clinical outcomes of indwelling pleural catheter-related pleural infections: an international multicenter study. Chest. 2013 Nov;144(5):1597-602. Abstract

50. Paraskakis E, Vergadi E, Chatzimichael A, et al. Current evidence for the management of paediatric parapneumonic effusions. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012 Jul;28(7):1179-92. Abstract

51. Thomson AH, Hull J, Kumar MR, et al. Randomised trial of intrapleural urokinase in the treatment of childhood empyema. Thorax. 2002 Apr;57(4):343-7.Full text  Abstract

52. Marhuenda C, Barceló C, Fuentes I, et al. Urokinase versus VATS for treatment of empyema: a randomized multicenter clinical trial. Pediatrics. 2014 Nov;134(5):e1301-7.Full text  Abstract

53. St Peter SD, Tsao K, Harrison C, et al. Thoracoscopic decortication vs tube thoracostomy with fibrinolysis for empyema in children: a prospective, randomized trial. J Pediatr Surg. 2009 Jan;44(1):106-11;discussion 111.Full text  Abstract

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