References

Reference articles

1. Muncie HL, Sirmans SM, James E. Dizziness: approach to evaluation and management. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Feb 1;95(3):154-62.Full text  Abstract

2. Thompson TL, Amedee R. Vertigo: a review of common peripheral and central vestibular disorders. Ochsner J. 2009 Spring;9(1):20-6.Full text  Abstract

3. Kerber KA, Callaghan BC, Telian SA, et al. Dizziness symptom type prevalence and overlap: a US nationally representative survey. Am J Med. 2017 Dec;130(12):1465.e1-9.Full text  Abstract

4. Karatas M. Central vertigo and dizziness: epidemiology, differential diagnosis, and common causes. Neurologist. 2008 Nov;14(6):355-64. Abstract

5. Balatsouras DG, Koukoutsis G, Fassolis A, et al. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in the elderly: current insights. Clin Interv Aging. 2018;13:2251-66.Full text  Abstract

6. Bösner S, Schwarm S, Grevenrath P, et al. Prevalence, aetiologies and prognosis of the symptom dizziness in primary care - a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2018 Feb 20;19(1):33.Full text  Abstract

7. Parnes LS, Agrawal SK, Atlas J. Diagnosis and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). CMAJ. 2003 Sep 30;169(7):681-93.Full text  Abstract

8. Hilton MP, Pinder DK. The Epley (canalith repositioning) manoeuvre for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Dec 8;(12):CD003162.Full text  Abstract

9. da Costa SS, de Sousa LC, Piza MR. Meniere's disease: overview, epidemiology, and natural history. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2002 Jun;35(3):455-95. Abstract

10. Chan YM, Adams DA, Kerr AG. Syphilitic labyrinthitis-an update. J Laryngol Otol. 1995 Aug;109(8):719-25. Abstract

11. Davis LE, Johnsson LG. Viral infections of the inner ear: clinical, virologic, and pathologic studies in humans and animals. Am J Otolaryngol. 1983 Sep-Oct;4(5):347-62.

12. Girasoli L, Cazzador D, Padoan R, et al. Update on vertigo in autoimmune disorders, from diagnosis to treatment. J Immunol Res. 2018 Sep 26;2018:5072582.Full text  Abstract

13. Bisdorff AR. Management of vestibular migraine. Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2011;4:183-191.Full text  Abstract

14. Vuković V, Plavec D, Galinović I, et al. Prevalence of vertigo, dizziness, and migrainous vertigo in patients with migraine. Headache. 2007 Nov-Dec;47(10):1427-35.Full text  Abstract

15. Jönsson R, Sixt E, Landahl S, et al. Prevalence of dizziness and vertigo in an urban elderly population. J Vestib Res. 2004;14(1):47-52. Abstract

16. Baloh RW. Differentiating between peripheral and central causes of vertigo. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1998;119:55-59. Abstract

17. Marzo SJ, Leonetti JP, Raffin MJ, et al. Diagnosis and management of post-traumatic vertigo. Laryngoscope. 2004;114:1720-1723. Abstract

18. Albera R, Canale A, Lacilla M, et al. Delayed vertigo after stapes surgery. Laryngoscope. 2004;114:860-862. Abstract

19. Fina M, Skinner M, Goebel JA, et al. Vestibular dysfunction after cochlear implantation. Otol Neurotol. 2003;24:234-242. Abstract

20. Al Felasi M, Pierre G, Mondain M, et al. Perilymphatic fistula of the round window. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis. 2011;128:139-141. Abstract

21. Banerjee A, Whyte A, Altas MD. Superior canal dehiscence: review of a new condition. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30:9-15. Abstract

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer