Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis

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1. Dumler JS, Barbet AF, Bekker CP, et al. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001 Nov;51(pt 6):2145-65.Full text  Abstract

2. Anderson BE, Dawson JE, Jones DC, et al. Ehrlichia chaffeensis, a new species associated with human ehrlichiosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Dec;29(12):2838-42. Abstract

3. Chen SM, Dumler JS, Bakken JS, et al. Identification of a granulocytotropic Ehrlichia species as the etiologic agent of human disease. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Mar;32(3):589-95. Abstract

4. Buller RS, Arens M, Hmiel SP, et al. Ehrlichia ewingii, a newly recognized agent of human ehrlichiosis. N Engl J Med. 1999 Jul 15;341(3):148-55.Full text  Abstract

5. Johnson DK, Schiffman EK, Davis JP, et al. Human infection with Ehrlichia muris-like pathogen, United States, 2007-2013. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015 Oct;21(10):1794-9. Abstract

6. Saito TB, Thirumalapura NR, Shelite TR, et al. An animal model of a newly emerging human ehrlichiosis. J Infect Dis. 2015 Feb 1;211(3):452-61. Abstract

7. von Loewenich FD, Geissdörfer W, Disqué C, et al. Detection of "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" in two patients with severe febrile illnesses: evidence for a European sequence variant. J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Jul;48(7):2630-5.Full text  Abstract

8. Welc-Falęciak R, Siński E, Kowalec M, et al. Asymptomatic "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" infections in immunocompetent humans. J Clin Microbiol. 2014 Aug;52(8):3072-4.Full text  Abstract

9. Raoult D. Uncultured candidatus neoehrlichia mikurensis. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Oct;59(7):1042. Abstract

10. Grankvist A, Andersson PO, Mattsson M, et al. Infections with the tick-borne bacterium "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" mimic noninfectious conditions in patients with B cell malignancies or autoimmune diseases. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2014 Jun;58(12):1716-22.Full text  Abstract

11. Andréasson K, Jönsson G, Lindell P, et al. Recurrent fever caused by Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with rituximab. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015 Feb;54(2):369-71. Abstract

12. Li H, Jiang JF, Liu W, et al. Human infection with Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012 Oct;18(10):1636-9.Full text  Abstract

13. Otrock ZK, Gonzalez MD, Eby CS. Ehrlichia-induced hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case series and review of literature. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2015 Oct;55(3):191-3. Abstract

14. Patel TP, Beck P, Chairman D, et al. Ehrlichiosis presenting as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an immunocompetent adult. IDCases. 2020;20:e00813.Full text  Abstract

15. Nichols Heitman K, Dahlgren FS, Drexler NA, et al. Increasing incidence of Ehrlichiosis in the United States: a summary of national surveillance of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii infections in the United States, 2008-2012. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016 Jan;94(1):52-60. Abstract

16. Olano JP, Masters E, Hogrefe W, et al. Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, Missouri. Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Dec;9(12):1579-86. Abstract

17. Standaert SM, Yu T, Scott MA, et al. Primary isolation of Ehrlichia chaffeensis from patients with febrile illnesses: clinical and molecular characteristics. J Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;181(3):1082-8. Abstract

18. Marshall GS, Jacobs RF, Schutze GE, et al. Ehrlichia chaffeensis seroprevalence among children in the southeast and south-central regions of the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002 Feb;156(2):166-70.Full text  Abstract

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20. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ehrlichiosis - epidemiology and statistics. Aug 2022 [internet publication].Full text

21. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tickborne diseases of the United States: a reference manual for health care providers. Sixth edition (2022). Aug 2022 [internet publication].​Full text

22. Yu DH, Li YH, Yoon JS, et al. Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in dogs in South Korea. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2008 Jun;8(3):355-8. Abstract

23. Dahlgren FS, Heitman KN, Drexler NA, et al. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis in the United States from 2008 to 2012: a summary of national surveillance data. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Jul;93(1):66-72. Abstract

24. Bakken JS, Goellner P, Van Etten M, et al. Seroprevalence of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis among permanent residents of northwestern Wisconsin. Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;27(6):1491-6. Abstract

25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Anaplasmosis - epidemiology and statistics. Aug 2022 [internet publication].Full text

26. Heyman P, Cochez C, Hofhuis A, et al. A clear and present danger: tick-borne diseases in Europe. Exp Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2010 Jan;8(1):33-50. Abstract

27. Pritt BS. Haemaphysalis longicornis is in the United States and biting humans: where do we go from here? Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jan 2;70(2):317-8. Abstract

28. Mowla SJ, Drexler NA, Cherry CC, et al. Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis among transfusion and transplant recipients in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021 Nov;27(11):2768-75.Full text  Abstract

29. Sotomayor EA, Popov VL, Feng HM, et al. Animal model of fatal human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:757-769. Abstract

30. Olano JP, Wen G, Feng HM, et al. Histologic, serologic, and molecular analysis of persistent ehrlichiosis in a murine model. Am J Pathol. 2004;165:997-1006. Abstract

31. Ismail N, Soong L, McBride JW, et al. Overproduction of TNF-alpha by CD8+ type 1 cells and down-regulation of IFN-gamma production by CD4+ Th1 cells contribute to toxic shock-like syndrome in an animal model of fatal monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. J Immunol. 2004 Feb 1;172(3):1786-800.Full text  Abstract

32. Bunnell JE, Trigiani ER, Srinivas SR, et al. Development and distribution of pathologic lesions are related to immune status and tissue deposition of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent-infected cells in a murine model system. J Infect Dis. 1999 Aug;180(2):546-50.Full text  Abstract

33. Martin ME, Caspersen K, Dumler JS. Immunopathology and ehrlichial propagation are regulated by interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 in a murine model of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Am J Pathol. 2001;158:1881-1888. Abstract

34. Foley JE, Lerche NW, Dumler JS, et al. A simian model of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jun;60(6):987-93. Abstract

35. Zhu B, Nethery KA, Kuriakose JA, et al. Nuclear translocated Ehrlichia chaffeensis ankyrin protein interacts with a specific adenine-rich motif of host promoter and intronic Alu elements. Infection and Immunity. 2009:77:4243-4255Full text  Abstract

36. Garcia-Garcia JC, Barat NC, Trembely SJ, et al. Epigenetic silencing of host cell defense genes enhances intracellular survival of the rickettsial pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum. PLoS Pathog. 2009:5:e1000488.Full text  Abstract

37. Zhang JZ, McBride JW, Yu XJ. L-selectin and E-selectin expressed on monocytes mediating Ehrlichia chaffeensis attachment onto host cells. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003;227:303-309. Abstract

38. Kumagai Y, Cheng Z, Lin M, et al. Biochemical activities of three pairs of Ehrlichia chaffeensis two-component regulatory system proteins involved in inhibition of lysosomal fusion. Infect Immun. 2006 Sep;74(9):5014-22.Full text  Abstract

39. Lin M, Rikihisa Y. Degradation of p22phox and inhibition of superoxide generation by Ehrlichia chaffeensis in human monocytes. Cell Microbiol. 2007;9:861-874. Abstract

40. Banerjee R, Anguita J, Roos D, et al. Cutting edge: infection by the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis prevents the respiratory burst by down-regulating gp91phox. J Immunol. 2000;164:3946-3949.Full text  Abstract

41. Barnewall RE, Rikihisa Y, Lee EH. Ehrlichia chaffeensis inclusions are early endosomes which selectively accumulate transferrin receptor. Infect Immun. 1997 Apr;65(4):1455-61.Full text  Abstract

42. Barnewall RE, Rikihisa Y. Abrogation of gamma interferon-induced inhibition of Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in human monocytes with iron-transferrin. Infect Immun. 1994 Nov;62(11):4804-10.Full text  Abstract

43. Rikihisa Y. Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis: subversive manipulators of host cells. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010;8:328-339. Abstract

44. Byerly CD, Patterson LL, McBride JW. Ehrlichia TRP effectors: moonlighting, mimicry and infection. Pathog Dis. 2021 May 11;79(5):.Full text  Abstract

45. Patterson LL, Byerly CD, McBride JW. Anaplasmataceae: dichotomous autophagic interplay for infection. Front Immunol. 2021;12:642771.Full text  Abstract

46. Dumler JS, Dawson JE, Walker DH. Human ehrlichiosis: hematopathology and immunohistologic detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Hum Pathol. 1993 Apr;24(4):391-6. Abstract

47. Sehdev AE, Dumler JS. Hepatic pathology in human monocytic ehrlichiosis: Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection. Am J Clin Pathol. 2003;119:859-865. Abstract

48. Walker DH, Dumler JS. Human monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichioses: discovery and diagnosis of emerging tick-borne infections and the critical role of the pathologist. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1997 Aug;121(8):785-91. Abstract

49. Dierberg KL, Dumler JS. Lymph node hemophagocytosis in rickettsial diseases: a pathogenetic role for CD8 T lymphocytes in human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME)? BMC Infect Dis. 2006;6:121.Full text  Abstract

50. Ismail N, Stevenson HL, Walker DH. Role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 in the pathogenesis of severe murine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis: increased resistance of TNF receptor p55- and p75-deficient mice to fatal ehrlichial infection. Infect Immun. 2006;74:1846-1856.Full text  Abstract

51. Goodman JL, Nelson CM, Klein MB, et al. Leukocyte infection by the granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent is linked to expression of a selectin ligand. J Clin Invest. 1999;103:407-412.Full text  Abstract

52. Herron MJ, Nelson CM, Larson J, et al. Intracellular parasitism by the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis bacterium through the P-selectin ligand, PSGL-1. Science. 2000;288:1653-1656. Abstract

53. Bedner E, Burfeind P, Hsieh TC, et al. Cell cycle effects and induction of apoptosis caused by infection of HL-60 cells with human granulocytic ehrlichiosis pathogen measured by flow and laser scanning cytometry. Cytometry. 1998;33:47-55. Abstract

54. Hsieh TC, Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, Wu JM, et al. Cellular changes and induction of apoptosis in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells infected with the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE). Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997;232:298-303. Abstract

55. Yoshiie K, Kim HY, Mott J, et al. Intracellular infection by the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent inhibits human neutrophil apoptosis. Infect Immun. 2000 Mar;68(3):1125-33.Full text  Abstract

56. Lepidi H, Bunnell JE, Martin ME, et al. Comparative pathology, and immunohistology associated with clinical illness after Ehrlichia phagocytophila-group infections. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2000 Jan;62(1):29-37.Full text  Abstract

57. Thomas LD, Hongo I, Bloch KC, et al. Human ehrlichiosis in transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2007 Jun;7(6):1641-7.Full text  Abstract

58. Paddock CD, Folk SM, Shore GM, et al. Infections with Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii in persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Nov 1;33(9):1586-94. Abstract

59. Safdar N, Love RB, Maki DG. Severe Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in a lung transplant recipient: a review of ehrlichiosis in the immunocompromised patient. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8:320-323.Full text  Abstract

60. Peters TR, Edwards KM, Standaert SM. Severe ehrlichiosis in an adolescent taking trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000 Feb;19(2):170-2. Abstract

61. Fishbein DB, Kemp A, Dawson JE, et al. Human ehrlichiosis: prospective active surveillance in febrile hospitalized patients. J Infect Dis. 1989 Nov;160(5):803-9. Abstract

62. Bakken JS, Krueth J, Wilson-Nordskog C, et al. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. JAMA. 1989 Nov;160(5):803-9. Abstract

63. Horowitz HW, Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, McKenna DF, et al. Clinical and laboratory spectrum of culture-proven human granulocytic ehrlichiosis: comparison with culture-negative cases. Clin Infect Dis. 1998;27:1314-1317. Abstract

64. Schutze GE, Jacobs RF. Human monocytic ehrlichiosis in children. Pediatrics. 1997 Jul;100(1):E10. Abstract

65. Schutze GE. Ehrlichiosis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006 Jan;25(1):71-2. Abstract

66. Weil AA, Baron EL, Brown CM, et al. Clinical findings and diagnosis in human granulocytic anaplasmosis: a case series from Massachusetts. Mayo Clin Proc. 2012 Mar;87(3):233-9. Abstract

67. Hamilton KS, Standaert SM, Kinney MC. Characteristic peripheral blood findings in human ehrlichiosis. Mod Pathol. 2004 May;17(5):512-7.Full text  Abstract

68. Biggs HM, Behravesh CB, Bradley KK, et al. Diagnosis and management of tickborne rickettsial diseases: Rocky Mountain spotted fever and other spotted fever group rickettsioses, ehrlichioses, and anaplasmosis - United States. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2016 May 13;65(2):1-44.Full text  Abstract

69. Dumler JS, Madigan JE, Pusterla N, et al. Ehrlichioses in humans: epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Clin Infect Dis. 2007 Jul 15;45 Suppl 1:S45-51. Abstract

70. Bakken JS, Dumler JS. Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Aug;31(2):554-60. Abstract

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72. Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, Horowitz HW, Wormser GP, et al. Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis: a case series from a medical center in New York State. Ann Intern Med. 1996 Dec 1;125(11):904-8. Abstract

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74. Comer JA, Nicholson WL, Olson JG, et al. Serologic testing for human granulocytic ehrlichiosis at a national referral center. J Clin Microbiol. 1999 Mar;37(3):558-64.Full text  Abstract

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77. Olano JP, Walker DH. Human ehrlichioses. Med Clin North Am. 2002 Mar;86(2):375-92. Abstract

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84. Bakken JS, Dumler JS. Clinical diagnosis and treatment of human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Oct;1078:236-47. Abstract

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103. Brouqui P, Dumler JS, Raoult D, et al. Antigenic characterization of ehrlichiae: protein immunoblotting of Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia sennetsu, and Ehrlichia risticii. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 May;30(5):1062-6.Full text  Abstract

104. Chen SM, Dumler JS, Feng HM, et al. Identification of the antigenic constituents of Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jan;50(1):52-8. Abstract

105. Chen SM, Cullman LC, Walker DH. Western immunoblotting analysis of the antibody responses of patients with human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis to different strains of Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia canis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 1997 Nov;4(6):731-5.Full text  Abstract

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110. Luo T, Zhang X, Nicholson WL, et al. Molecular characterization of antibody epitopes of Ehrlichia chaffeensis ankyrin protein 200 and tandem repeat protein 47 and evaluation of synthetic immunodeterminants for serodiagnosis of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010 Jan;17(1):87-97.Full text  Abstract

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112. Yu X, Brouqui P, Dumler JS, et al. Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in human tissue by using a species-specific monoclonal antibody. J Clin Microbiol. 1993 Dec;31(12):3284-8.Full text  Abstract

113. Bakken JS, Krueth J, Tilden RL, et al. Serological evidence of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in Norway. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996;15:829-832. Abstract

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119. Heppner DG, Wongsrichanalai C, Walsh DS, et al. Human ehrlichiosis in Thailand. Lancet. 1997;350:785-786. Abstract

120. Thomas RJ, Dumler JS, Carlyon JA. Current management of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, human monocytic ehrlichiosis and Ehrlichia ewingii ehrlichiosis. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 22009 Aug;7(6):709-22.Full text  Abstract

121. Branger S, Rolain JM, Raoult D. Evaluation of antibiotic susceptibilities of Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Anaplasma phagocytophilum by real-time PCR. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Dec;48(12):4822-8.Full text  Abstract

122. Maurin M, Abergel C, Raoult D. DNA gyrase-mediated natural resistance to fluoroquinolones in Ehrlichia spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Jul;45(7):2098-105.Full text  Abstract

123. Maurin M, Bakken JS, Dumler JS. Antibiotic susceptibilities of Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum strains from various geographic areas in the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jan;47(1):413-5.Full text  Abstract

124. Rolain JM, Maurin M, Bryskier A, et al. In vitro activities of telithromycin (HMR 3647) against Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia africae, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia prowazekii, Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, Bartonella bacilliformis, and Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 May;44(5):1391-3.Full text  Abstract

125. Brouqui P, Raoult D. In vitro antibiotic susceptibility of the newly recognized agent of ehrlichiosis in humans, Ehrlichia chaffeensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Dec;36(12):2799-803.Full text  Abstract

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127. Horowitz HW, Hsieh TC, Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, et al. Antimicrobial susceptibility of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Mar;45(3):786-8.Full text  Abstract

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