Strongyloides infection

World Gastroenterology Organisation. WGO practice guideline: management of strongyloidiasis. February 2018 [internet publication].Full text

Loutfy MR, Wilson M, Keystone JS, et al. Serology and eosinophil count in the diagnosis and management of strongyloidiasis in a non-endemic area. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Jun;66(6):749-52. Abstract

Henriquez-Camacho C, Gotuzzo E, Echevarria J, et al. Ivermectin versus albendazole or thiabendazole for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jan 18;(1):CD007745.Full text  Abstract

1. World Gastroenterology Organisation. WGO practice guideline: management of strongyloidiasis. February 2018 [internet publication].Full text

2. Walzer PD, Milder JE, Banwell JG, et al. Epidemiologic features of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in an endemic area of the United States. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1982 Mar;31(2):313-9. Abstract

3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Yellow Book: health information for international travel. Section 5: travel-associated infections & diseases - parasitic (strongyloidiasis). May 2023 [internet publication].Full text

4. Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Montresor A, et al. Strongyloides stercoralis: a plea for action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 May 9;7(5):e2214.Full text  Abstract

5. Genta RM. Global prevalence of strongyloidiasis: critical review with epidemiologic insights into the prevention of disseminated disease. Rev Infect Dis. 1989 Sep-Oct;11(5):755-67. Abstract

6. Nutman TB, Ottesen EA, Ieng S, et al. Eosinophilia in Southeast Asian refugees: evaluation at a referral center. J Infect Dis. 1987 Feb;155(2):309-13. Abstract

7. Román-Sánchez P, Pastor-Guzmán A, Moreno-Guillén S, et al. High prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis among farm workers on the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Analysis of the predictive factors of infection in developed countries. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003 Sep;69(3):336-40. Abstract

8. Jongwutiwes U, Waywa D, Silpasakorn S, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of acquiring Strongyloides stercoralis infection among patients attending a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Pathog Glob Health. 2014 Apr;108(3):137-40.Full text  Abstract

9. Gill GV, Welch E, Bailey JW, et al. Chronic Strongyloides stercoralis infection in former British Far East prisoners of war. QJM. 2004 Dec;97(12):789-95.Full text  Abstract

10. Kim JH, Kim DS, Yoon YK, et al. Donor-derived strongyloidiasis infection in solid organ transplant recipients: a review and pooled analysis. Transplant Proc. 2016 Sep;48(7):2442-9. Abstract

11. Boulware DR, Stauffer WM, Hendel-Paterson BR, et al. Maltreatment of Strongyloides infection: case series and worldwide physicians-in-training survey. Am J Med. 2007 Jun;120(6):545.e1-8.Full text  Abstract

12. de Silva S, Saykao P, Kelly H, et al. Chronic Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Laotian immigrants and refugees 7-20 years after resettlement in Australia. Epidemiol Infect. 2002 Jun;128(3):439-44.Full text  Abstract

13. Franco-Paredes C, Dismukes R, Nicolls D, et al. Persistent and untreated tropical infectious diseases among Sudanese refugees in the United States. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Oct;77(4):633-5. Abstract

14. Caruana SR, Kelly HA, Ngeow JY, et al. Undiagnosed and potentially lethal parasite infections among immigrants and refugees in Australia. J Travel Med. 2006 Jul-Aug;13(4):233-9.Full text  Abstract

15. Loutfy MR, Wilson M, Keystone JS, et al. Serology and eosinophil count in the diagnosis and management of strongyloidiasis in a non-endemic area. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Jun;66(6):749-52. Abstract

16. Siddiqui AA, Berk SL. Diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 1;33(7):1040-7.Full text  Abstract

17. Sousa-Figueiredo JC, Day M, Betson M, et al. Field survey for strongyloidiasis in eastern Uganda with observations on efficacy of preventive chemotherapy and co-occurrence of soil-transmitted helminthiasis/intestinal schistosomiasis. J Helminthol. 2011 Sep;85(3):325-33. Abstract

18. ten Hove RJ, van Esbroeck M, Vervoort T, et al. Molecular diagnostics of intestinal parasites in returning travellers. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2009 Sep;28(9):1045-53.Full text  Abstract

19. Checkley AM, Chiodini PL, Dockrell DH, et al; British Infection Society and Hospital for Tropical Diseases. Eosinophilia in returning travellers and migrants from the tropics: UK recommendations for investigation and initial management. J Infect. 2010 Jan;60(1):1-20. Abstract

20. Lim S, Katz K, Krajden S, et al. Complicated and fatal Strongyloides infection in Canadians: risk factors, diagnosis and management. CMAJ. 2004 Aug 31;171(5):479-84.Full text  Abstract

21. Newberry AM, Williams DN, Stauffer WM, et al. Strongyloides hyperinfection presenting as acute respiratory failure and gram-negative sepsis. Chest. 2005 Nov;128(5):3681-4.Full text  Abstract

22. Jeyamani R, Joseph AJ, Chacko A. Severe and treatment resistant strongyloidiasis - indicator of HTLV-I infection. Trop Gastroenterol. 2007 Oct-Dec;28(4):176-7. Abstract

23. Zaha O, Hirata T, Uchima N, et al. Comparison of anthelmintic effects of two doses of ivermectin on intestinal strongyloidiasis in patients negative or positive for anti-HTLV-1 antibody. J Infect Chemother. 2004 Dec;10(6):348-51. Abstract

24. Marcos LA, Terashima A, Dupont HL, et al. Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome: an emerging global infectious disease. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Apr;102(4):314-8. Abstract

25. Garn JV, Wilkers JL, Meehan AA, et al. Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Jun 21;6(6):CD012199.Full text  Abstract

26. Swanson SJ, Phares CR, Mamo B, et al. Albendazole therapy and enteric parasites in United States–bound refugees. N Engl J Med. 2012 Apr 19;366(16):1498-507. Abstract

27. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Overseas refugee health guidance. Parasitic treatment: strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, and soil-transmitted helminth infections. 4 June 2021 [internet publication].Full text

28. Esum M, Wanji S, Tendongfor N, et al. Co-endemicity of loiasis and onchocerciasis in the South West Province of Cameroon: implications for mass treatment with ivermectin. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2001 Nov-Dec;95(6):673-6. Abstract

29. Ducorps M, Gardon-Wendel N, Ranque S, et al. Secondary effects of the treatment of hypermicrofilaremic loiasis using ivermectin [in French]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 1995;88(3):105-12. Abstract

30. Gardon J, Gardon-Wendel N, Demanga-Ngangue, et al. Serious reactions after mass treatment of onchocerciasis with ivermectin in an area endemic for Loa loa infection. Lancet. 1997 Jul 5;350(9070):18-22. Abstract

31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. DPDx - Laboratory identification of parasites of public health concern: strongyloidiasis. Jul 2019 [internet publication].Full text

32. Repetto SA, Ruybal P, Solana ME, et al. Comparison between PCR and larvae visualization methods for diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis out of endemic area: a proposed algorithm. Acta Trop. 2016 May;157:169-77. Abstract

33. Loutfy MR, Wilson M, Keystone JS, et al. Serology and eosinophil count in the diagnosis and management of strongyloidiasis in a non-endemic area. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Jun;66(6):749-52. Abstract

34. Salazar SA, Gutierrez C, Berk SL. Value of the agar plate method for the diagnosis of intestinal strongyloidiasis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1995 Dec;23(4):141-5. Abstract

35. Seybolt LM, Christiansen D, Barnett ED. Diagnostic evaluation of newly arrived asymptomatic refugees with eosinophilia. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Feb 1;42(3):363-7.Full text  Abstract

36. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Parasites - strongyloides: resources for health professionals. Mar 2023 [internet publication].​Full text

37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Presumptive treatment and screening for strongyloidiasis, infections caused by other soil-transmitted helminths, and schistosomiasis among newly arrived refugees. Mar 2021 [internet publication].Full text

38. Henriquez-Camacho C, Gotuzzo E, Echevarria J, et al. Ivermectin versus albendazole or thiabendazole for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jan 18;(1):CD007745.Full text  Abstract

39. Suputtamongkol Y, Kungpanichkul N, Silpasakorn S, et al. Efficacy and safety of a single-dose veterinary preparation of ivermectin versus 7-day high-dose albendazole for chronic strongyloidiasis. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 Jan;31(1):46-9. Abstract

40. Marti H, Haji HJ, Savioli L, et al. A comparative trial of a single dose ivermectin versus three days of albendazole for treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis and other soil transmitted helminth infections in children. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Nov;55(5):477-81. Abstract

41. Bisoffi Z, Buonfrate D, Angheben A, et al. Randomized clinical trial on ivermectin versus thiabendazole for the treatment of strongyloidiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jul;5(7):e1254.Full text  Abstract

42. Nontasut P, Muennoo C, Sa-nguankiat S, et al. Prevalence of strongyloides in Northern Thailand and treatment with ivermectin vs albendazole. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2005 Mar;36(2):442-4. Abstract

43. Turner SA, Maclean JD, Fleckenstein L, et al. Parenteral administration of ivermectin in a patient with disseminated strongyloidiasis. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Nov;73(5):911-4. Abstract

44. Toma H, Sato Y, Shiroma Y, et al. Comparative studies on the efficacy of three anti-helminthics on treatment of human strongyloidiasis in Okinawa, Japan. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2000 Mar;31(1):147-51. Abstract

45. Suputtamongkol Y, Premasathian N, Bhumimuang K, et al. Efficacy and safety of single and double doses of ivermectin versus 7-day high dose albendazole for chronic strongyloidiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 May 10;5(5):e1044.Full text  Abstract

46. Buonfrate D, Salas-Coronas J, Muñoz J, et al. Multiple-dose versus single-dose ivermectin for Strongyloides stercoralis infection (Strong Treat 1 to 4): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled superiority trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019 Nov;19(11):1181-90. Abstract

47. Barda B, Sayasone S, Phongluxa K, et al. Efficacy of moxidectin versus ivermectin against Strongyloides stercoralis infections: a randomized, controlled noninferiority trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Jul 15;65(2):276-81.Full text  Abstract

48. Pornsuriyasak P, Niticharoenpong K, Sakapibunnan A. Disseminated strongyloidiasis successfully treated with extended duration ivermectin combined with albendazole: a case report of intractable strongyloidiasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2004 Sep;35(3):531-4. Abstract

49. Gyapong JO, Chinbuah MA, Gyapong M. Inadvertent exposure of pregnant women to ivermectin and albendazole during mass drug administration for lymphatic filariasis. Trop Med Int Health. 2003 Dec;8(12):1093-101. Abstract

50. Biggs BA, Caruana S, Mihrshahi S, et al. Management of chronic strongyloidiasis in immigrants and refugees: is serologic testing useful? Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009 May;80(5):788-91. Abstract

51. Kobayashi J, Sato Y, Toma H, et al. Application of enzyme immunoassay for postchemotherapy evaluation of human strongyloidiasis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;18(1):19-23. Abstract

52. Salvador F, Sulleiro E, Sánchez-Montalvá A, et al. Usefulness of strongyloides stercoralis serology in the management of patients with eosinophilia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 May;90(5):830-4.Full text  Abstract

53. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Parasites - strongyloides: resources for health professionals. Jun 2023 [internet publication].​Full text

54. Boulware DR, Stauffer WM, Hendel-Paterson BR, et al. Maltreatment of Strongyloides infection: case series and worldwide physicians-in-training survey. Am J Med. 2007 Jun;120(6):545.e1-8.Full text  Abstract

55. Newberry AM, Williams DN, Stauffer WM, et al. Strongyloides hyperinfection presenting as acute respiratory failure and gram-negative sepsis. Chest. 2005 Nov;128(5):3681-4.Full text  Abstract