Seborrheic dermatitis
Summary
Definition
Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a common inflammatory skin disorder that usually manifests as erythema and scaling of the scalp, nasolabial folds, glabella, and occasionally central face and anterior chest. It tends to worsen with stress.[1] In infants, SD may manifest as scaling of the scalp and is termed cradle cap.[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Seborrheic dermatitis, nasolabial fold, with mild scaling and mild erythemaFrom the collection of Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH, FACP, FAAD, FRCP (Edin) [Citation ends].
[Figure caption and citation for the preceding image starts]: Seborrheic dermatitis, glabella, with scaling and mild erythemaFrom the collection of Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH, FACP, FAAD, FRCP (Edin) [Citation ends].
History and exam
Key diagnostic factors
- scalp itching
- scalp scaling
- glabella scaling
- nasolabial fold scaling
- postauricular scaling
- white flakes
- erythema
Risk factors
- stress
- parkinsonism
- HIV/AIDS
- age <3 months
Diagnostic tests
1st tests to order
- clinical diagnosis
Tests to consider
- skin biopsy
Treatment algorithm
cradle cap in infants
limited to scalp in children and adults
limited to nonscalp area in children and adults
widespread or recalcitrant disease in adults
widespread or recalcitrant disease in children
Contributors
Authors
Camila K. Janniger, MD, FAAD, FRSPH
Clinical Professor
Dermatology
Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
Newark
NJ
利益声明
CKJ declares that she has no competing interests.
Robert A. Schwartz, MD, MPH, DSc (Hon), FAAD, FRCP (Edin)
Professor of Pathology, Professor of Pediatrics, and Professor of Medicine
Dermatology
Rutgers New Jersey Medical School
Newark
NJ
利益声明
RAS is the author of several references cited in this topic.
同行评议者
Richard Bull, BMBCh
Consultant Dermatologist
Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
London
UK
利益声明
RB declares that he has no competing interests.
David S. Cassarino, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Departments of Pathology and Dermatology
UCLA
Los Angeles
CA
利益声明
DSC declares that he has no competing interests.
Abdulhafez Selim, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor
Biomedical Technology Center
King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
Dhahran
Saudi Arabia
利益声明
AS declares that he has no competing interests.
Jacek Szepietowski, MD, PhD, FRCP Edin
Professor and Vice Chair
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology
University of Medicine
Wroclaw
Poland
利益声明
JS declares he has no competing interests.
Peer reviewer acknowledgements
BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.
Disclosures
Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.
参考文献
关键文献
Clark GW, Pope SM, Jaboori KA. Diagnosis and treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. Am Fam Physician. 2015 Feb 1;91(3):185-90.全文 摘要
Schwartz RA. Superficial fungal infections. Lancet. 2004 Sep 25-Oct 1;364(9440):1173-82. 摘要
Kim TW, Mun JH, Jwa SW, et al. Proactive treatment of adult facial seborrhoeic dermatitis with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment: randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled, multi-centre trial. Acta Derm Venereol. 2013 Sep 4;93(5):557-61.全文 摘要
Diehl C, Ferrari A. Efficacy of topical 4% Quassia amara gel in facial seborrheic dermatitis:a randomized, double-blind, comparative study. J Drugs Dermatol. 2013 Mar;12(3):312-5. 摘要
参考文献
A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.
鉴别诊断
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更多 鉴别诊断患者教育信息
Dandruff
Dermatitis
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