Superior vena cava syndrome

Azizi AH, Shafi I, Shah N, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Dec 28;13(24):2896-2910.Full text  Abstract

American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: suspected upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

Uberoi R. Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2006 May-Jun;29(3):319-22. Abstract

Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest. 2016 Feb;149(2):315-52.Full text  Abstract

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2. Azizi AH, Shafi I, Shah N, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Dec 28;13(24):2896-2910.Full text  Abstract

3. Kim HJ, Kim HS, Chung SH. CT diagnosis of superior vena cava syndrome: importance of collateral vessels. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1993;161:539-542.Full text  Abstract

4. Stanford W, Jolles H, Ell S, et al. Superior vena cava obstruction: a venographic classification. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1987;148:259-262.Full text  Abstract

5. Ahmann FR. A reassessment of the clinical implications of the superior vena caval syndrome. J Clin Oncol. 1984;2:961-969. Abstract

6. Chen JC, Bongard F, Klein SR. A contemporary perspective on superior vena cava syndrome. Am J Surg. 1990;160:207-211. Abstract

7. Rice TW, Rodriguez RM, Light RW. The superior vena cava syndrome: clinical characteristics and evolving etiology. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006;85:37-42. Abstract

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9. Armstrong BA, Perez CA, Simpson JR, et al. Role of irradiation in the management of superior vena cava syndrome. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1987;13:531-539. Abstract

10. Yellin A, Rosen A, Reichert N, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome: the myth - the facts. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990;141:1114-1118. Abstract

11. Parish JM, Marschke RF Jr, Dines DE, et al. Etiologic considerations in superior vena cava syndrome. Mayo Clin Proc. 1981;56:407-413. Abstract

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14. Presswala RG, Hiranandani NL. Pleural effusion and superior vena cava canal syndrome in Hodgkin's disease. J Indian Med Assoc. 1965;45:502-503. Abstract

15. Straka C, Ying J, Kong FM, et al. Review of evolving etiologies, implications and treatment strategies for the superior vena cava syndrome. Springerplus. 2016;5:229.Full text  Abstract

16. Schowengerdt CG, Suyemoto R, Main FB. Granulomatous and fibrous mediastinitis. A review and analysis of 180 cases. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1969;57:365-379. Abstract

17. Trigaux JP, Van Beers B. Thoracic collateral venous channels: normal and pathologic CT findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1990;14:769-773. Abstract

18. Gonzalez-Fajardo JA, Garcia-Yuste M, Florez S, et al. Hemodynamic and cerebral repercussions arising from surgical interruption of the superior vena cava: experimental model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1994;107:1044-1049. Abstract

19. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria: suspected upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis. 2019 [internet publication].Full text

20. Schraufnagel DE, Hill R, Leech JA, et al. Superior vena caval obstruction: is it a medical emergency? Am J Med. 1981;70:1169-1174. Abstract

21. Urruticoechea A, Mesia R, Dominguez J, et al. Treatment of malignant superior vena cava syndrome by endovascular stent insertion: experience on 52 patients with lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2004;43:209-214. Abstract

22. Schifferdecker B, Shaw JA, Piemonte TC, et al. Nonmalignant superior vena cava syndrome: pathophysiology and management. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2005;65:416-423. Abstract

23. Azizi AH, Shafi I, Zhao M, et al. Endovascular therapy for superior vena cava syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Jul;37:100970.Full text  Abstract

24. Aung EY, Khan M, Williams N, et al. Endovascular stenting in superior vena cava syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2022 Sep;45(9):1236-54.Full text  Abstract

25. Uberoi R. Quality assurance guidelines for superior vena cava stenting in malignant disease. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2006 May-Jun;29(3):319-22. Abstract

26. Rowell NP, Gleeson FV. Steroids, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and stents for superior vena caval obstruction in carcinoma of the bronchus: a systematic review. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2002;14:338-351. Abstract

27. Detterbeck FC, Parsons AM. Thymic tumors. Ann Thorac Surg. 2004;77:1860-1869. Abstract

28. Gray BH, Olin JW, Graor RA, et al. Safety and efficacy of thrombolytic therapy for superior vena cava syndrome. Chest. 1991;99:54-59. Abstract

29. Kearon C, Akl EA, Ornelas J, et al. Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: CHEST guideline and expert panel report. Chest. 2016 Feb;149(2):315-52.Full text  Abstract

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31. Courtheoux P, Alkofer B, Al Refai M, et al. Stent placement in superior vena cava syndrome. Ann Thorac Surg. 2003;75:158-161. Abstract

32. Kee ST, Kinoshita L, Razavi MK, et al. Superior vena cava syndrome: treatment with catheter-directed thrombolysis and endovascular stent placement. Radiology. 1998;206:187-193. Abstract

33. Martins SJ, Pereira JR. Clinical factors and prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 1999;22:453-457. Abstract