Necrotising fasciitis

References

Key articles

Sartelli M, Guirao X, Hardcastle TC, et al. 2018 WSES/SIS-E consensus conference: recommendations for the management of skin and soft-tissue infections. World J Emerg Surg. 2018 Dec 14;13:58.Full text  Abstract

Public Health England. Necrotising fasciitis (NF). April 2013 [internet publication].Full text

Reference articles

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9. Kuo YL, Shieh SJ, Chiu HY, et al. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by Vibrio vulnificus: epidemiology, clinical findings, treatment and prevention. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007 Nov;26(11):785-92. Abstract

10. Markov G, Kirov G, Lyutskanov V, et al. Necrotizing fasciitis and myonecrosis due to Aeromonas hydrophila. Wounds. 2007 Aug;19(8):223-6. Abstract

11. Rahim GR, Gupta N, Maheshwari P, et al. Monomicrobial Klebsiella pneumoniae necrotizing fasciitis: an emerging life-threatening entity. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019 Mar;25(3):316-23.Full text  Abstract

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21. Sarani B, Strong M, Pascual J, et al. Necrotizing fasciitis: current concepts and review of the literature. J Am Coll Surg. 2009 Feb;208(2):279-88. Abstract

22. Noor A, Krilov LR. Necrotizing fasciitis. Pediatr Rev. 2021 Oct;42(10):573-5. Abstract

23. Neilly DW, Smith M, Woo A, et al. Necrotising fasciitis in the North East of Scotland: a 10-year retrospective review. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2019 May;101(5):363-72.Full text  Abstract

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31. Keung EZ, Liu X, Nuzhad A, et al. Immunocompromised status in patients with necrotizing soft-tissue infection. JAMA Surg. 2013 May;148(5):419-26.Full text  Abstract

32. Weng TC, Chen CC, Toh HS, et al. Ibuprofen worsens Streptococcus pyogenes soft tissue infections in mice. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2011 Dec;44(6):418-23.Full text  Abstract

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35. Public Health England. Necrotising fasciitis (NF). April 2013 [internet publication].Full text

36. Aronoff DM, Bloch KC. Assessing the relationship between the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and necrotizing fasciitis caused by group A streptococcus. Medicine (Baltimore). 2003 Jul;82(4):225-35. Abstract

37. Bonne SL, Kadri SS. Evaluation and management of necrotizing soft tissue infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2017 Sep;31(3):497-511. Abstract

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45. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Crit Care Med. 2021 Nov 1;49(11):e1063-143.Full text  Abstract

46. Gelbard RB, Ferrada P, Yeh DD, et al. Optimal timing of initial debridement for necrotizing soft tissue infection: a practice management guideline from the Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2018 Jul;85(1):208-14. Abstract

47. Yen ZS, Wang HP, Ma HM, et al. Ultrasonographic screening of clinically-suspected necrotizing fasciitis. Acad Emerg Med. 2002 Dec;9(12):1448-51.Full text  Abstract

48. Wong CH, Khin LW, Heng KS, et al. The LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score: a tool for distinguishing necrotizing fasciitis from other soft tissue infections. Crit Care Med. 2004 Jul;32(7):1535-41. Abstract

49. Hsiao CT, Chang CP, Huang TY, et al. Prospective validation of the Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis (LRINEC) Score for necrotizing fasciitis of the extremities. PLoS One. 2020;15(1):e0227748.Full text  Abstract

50. Fernando SM, Tran A, Cheng W, et al. Necrotizing soft tissue infection: diagnostic accuracy of physical examination, imaging, and LRINEC Score: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Surg. 2019 Jan;269(1):58-65. Abstract

51. Hoesl V, Kempa S, Prantl L, et al. The LRINEC score - an indicator for the course and prognosis of necrotizing fasciitis? J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 22;11(13):3583.Full text  Abstract

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53. Peetermans M, de Prost N, Eckmann C, et al. Necrotizing skin and soft-tissue infections in the intensive care unit. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2020 Jan;26(1):8-17.Full text  Abstract

54. Murphy G, Markeson D, Choa R, et al. Raised serum lactate: a marker of necrotizing fasciitis? J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2013 Dec;66(12):1712-6. Abstract

55. Semeraro N, Ammollo CT, Semeraro F, et al. Sepsis-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation and thromboembolic disease. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2010 Aug 13;2(3):e2010024.Full text  Abstract

56. Kobayashi L, Konstantinidis A, Shackelford S, et al. Necrotizing soft tissue infections: delayed surgical treatment is associated with increased number of surgical debridements and morbidity. J Trauma. 2011 Nov;71(5):1400-5. Abstract

57. Nawijn F, Smeeing DPJ, Houwert RM, et al. Time is of the essence when treating necrotizing soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Emerg Surg. 2020;15:4.Full text  Abstract

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67. Terzian WTH, Nunn AM, Call EB, et al. Duration of antibiotic therapy in necrotizing soft tissue infections: shorter is safe. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2022 Jun;23(5):430-5.Full text  Abstract

68. Carapetis JR, Jacoby P, Carville K, et al. Effectiveness of clindamycin and intravenous immunoglobulin, and risk of disease in contacts, in invasive group A streptococcal infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Aug 1;59(3):358-65. Abstract

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70. Linnér A, Darenberg J, Sjölin J, et al. Clinical efficacy of polyspecific intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in patients with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: a comparative observational study. Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Sep 15;59(6):851-7. Abstract

71. Darenberg J, Ihendyane N, Sjölin J, et al. Intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: a European randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Aug 1;37(3):333-40. Abstract

72. Kadri SS, Swihart BJ, Bonne SL, et al. Impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on survival in necrotizing fasciitis with vasopressor-dependent shock: a propensity score-matched analysis from 130 US hospitals. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Apr 1;64(7):877-85. Abstract

73. Hua C, Bosc R, Sbidian E, et al. Interventions for necrotizing soft tissue infections in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 May 31;(5):CD011680.Full text  Abstract

74. Vilar DG, Fadrique GG, Martín IJ, et al. Hypebaric oxygen treatment in urology. Arch Esp Urol. 2011 Jul;64(6):507-16. Abstract

75. NHS England. Clinical commissioning policy: hyperbaric oxygen therapy for necrotising soft tissue infections (all ages). July 2018 [internet publication].Full text

76. Menichetti F, Giuliano S, Fortunato S. Are there any reasons to change our behavior in necrotizing fasciitis with the advent of new antibiotics? Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2017 Apr;30(2):172-9. Abstract

77. Abrahamian FM, Sakoulas G, Tzanis E, et al. Omadacycline for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Aug 1;69(suppl 1):S23-S32.Full text  Abstract

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