Gastritis

References

Key articles

Varis K. Gastritis - a misused term in clinical gastroenterology. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1988 Jul 8;155:53-60. Abstract

Glickman JN, Antonioli DA. Gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2001 Oct;11(4):717-40. Abstract

Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Feb;112(2):212-39.Full text  Abstract

Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Feb;112(2):212-39.Full text  Abstract

Zagari RM, Romano M, Ojetti V, et al. Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Italy: the III Working Group Consensus Report 2015. Dig Liver Dis. 2015 Nov;47(11):903-12.Full text  Abstract

Kavitt RT, Cifu AS. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection. JAMA. 2017 Apr 18;317(15):1572-73. Abstract

Nyssen OP, McNicholl AG, Megraud F, et al. Sequential versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jun 28;(6):CD009034.Full text  Abstract

Ren Q, Yan X, Zhou Y, et al. Periodontal therapy as adjunctive treatment for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 7;2:CD009477.Full text  Abstract

Lee YC, Chiang TH, Chou CK, et al. Association between Helicobacter pylori eradication and gastric cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2016 May;150(5):1113-1124.e5.Full text  Abstract

Reference articles

1. Varis K. Gastritis - a misused term in clinical gastroenterology. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1988 Jul 8;155:53-60. Abstract

2. Laine L, Weinstein WM. Subepithelial hemorrhages and erosions of human stomach. Dig Dis Sci. 1988 Apr;33(4):490-503. Abstract

3. Glickman JN, Antonioli DA. Gastritis. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2001 Oct;11(4):717-40. Abstract

4. Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Feb;112(2):212-39.Full text  Abstract

5. Bondurant FJ, Maull KI, Nelson HS Jr, et al. Bile reflux gastritis. South Med J. 1987 Feb;80(2):161-5. Abstract

6. Niemala S. Duodenogastric reflux in patients with upper abdominal complaints or gastric ulcer with particular reference to reflux-associated gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1985;115:1-56. Abstract

7. Niemala S, Karttunen T, Heikkila J, et al. Characteristics of reflux gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1987 Apr;22(3):349-54. Abstract

8. McAlhany JC Jr, Hanover TM, Taylor SM, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy for gastric disease. Ann Surg. 1994 May;219(5):451-5.Full text  Abstract

9. Martindale RG. Contemporary strategies for the prevention of stress-related mucosal bleeding. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2005 May 15;62(10 Suppl 2):S11-7. Abstract

10. Kekki M, Siurala M, Varis K, et al. Classification principles and genetics of chronic gastritis. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1987;141:1-28. Abstract

11. Shipman PJ, Drury P. Emphysematous gastritis: case report and literature review. Australas Radiol. 2001 Feb;45(1):64-6. Abstract

12. Dharap SB, Ghag G, Biswas A. Acute necrotizing gastritis. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2003 Jul-Aug;22(4):150-1. Abstract

13. Carlson AP, Chan WH, Ketai LH, et al. Emphysematous gastritis in a severely burned patient: case report and literature review. J Trauma. 2007 Mar;62(3):765-7. Abstract

14. Loi T, See JY, Diddapur RK, et al. Emphysematous gastritis: a case report and a review of literature. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Jan;36(1):72-3. Abstract

15. Dixon MF, Genta RM, Yardley JH, et al. Classification and grading of gastritis: the updated Sydney system: International Workshop on the Histopathology of Gastritis, Houston 1994. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 Oct;20(10):1161-81. Abstract

16. Rugge M, Meggio A, Pennelli G, et al. Gastritis staging in clinical practice: the OLGA staging system. Gut. 2007 May;56(5):631-6. Abstract

17. El-Serag HB, Talley NJ. Systemic review: the prevalence and clinical course of functional dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Mar 15;19(6):643-54.Full text  Abstract

18. Larkai EN, Smith JL, Lidsky MD, et al. Gastroduodenal mucosa and dyspeptic symptoms in arthritic patients during chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use. Am J Gastroenterol. 1987 Nov;82(11):1153-8. Abstract

19. Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, et al. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22;156(14):1530-6. Abstract

20. World Gastroenterology Organisation. WGO Global Guidelines. Helicobacter pylori. May 2021 [internet publication].Full text

21. MacMath TL. Alcohol and gastrointestinal bleeding. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1990;8:859-872. Abstract

22. Hernández-Díaz S, Rodríguez LA. Association between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding/perforation: an overview of epidemiologic studies published in the 1990s. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Jul 24;160(14):2093-9.Full text  Abstract

23. Masclee GM, Valkhoff VE, Coloma PM, et al. Risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from different drug combinations. Gastroenterology. 2014;147(4):784-92.Full text  Abstract

24. Davidson RJ, Atrah HI, Sewell HF. Longitudinal study of circulating gastric antibodies in pernicious anaemia. J Clin Pathol. 1989 Oct;42(10):1092-5.Full text  Abstract

25. Chey WD, Leontiadis GI, Howden CW, Moss SF. ACG Clinical Guideline: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017 Feb;112(2):212-39.Full text  Abstract

26. Toh BH, van Driel IR, Gleeson PA. Pernicious anemia. N Engl J Med. 1997 Nov 13;337(20):1441-8. Abstract

27. Torbenson M, Abraham SC, Boitnott J, et al. Autoimmune gastritis: distinct histological and immunohistochemical findings before complete loss of oxyntic glands. Mod Pathol. 2002 Feb;15(2):102-9.Full text  Abstract

28. Turner MA, Beachley MC, Stanley D. Phlegmonous gastritis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1979 Sep;133(3):527-8.Full text  Abstract

29. Fink DW, Boyden FM. Gas in the portal veins. A report of two cases due to ingestion of corrosive substances. Radiology. 1966 Oct;87(4):741-3. Abstract

30. Park CW, Kim A, Cha SW, et al. A case of phlegmonous gastritis associated with marked gastric distension. Gut Liver. 2010 Sep;4(3):415-8.Full text  Abstract

31. Blei ED, Abrahams C. Diffuse phlegmonous gastroenterocolitis in a patient with an infected peritoneo-jugular venous shunt. Gastroenterology. 1983 Mar;84(3):636-9. Abstract

32. Chamberlain CE. Acute hemorrhagic gastritis. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1993 Dec;22(4):843-73. Abstract

33. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia in adults: investigation and management. Oct 2019 [internet publication].Full text

34. Moayyedi PM, Lacy BE, Andrews CN, et al. ACG and CAG Clinical Guideline: Management of Dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(7):988-1013. Abstract

35. Evans JA, Chandrasekhara V, Chathadi KV, et al. The role of endoscopy in the management of premalignant and malignant conditions of the stomach. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Jul;82(1):1-8. Abstract

36. Park WG, Shaheen NJ, Cohen J, et al. Quality indicators for EGD. Gastrointest Endosc. 2015 Jan;81(1):17-30. Abstract

37. Nurgalieva ZZ, Graham DY. Pearls and pitfalls of assessing Helicobacter pylori status. Dig Liver Dis. 2003 Jun;35(6):375-7. Abstract

38. Cutler AF, Havstad S, Ma CK, et al. Accuracy of invasive and noninvasive tests to diagnose Helicobacter pylori infection. Gastroenterology. 1995 Jul;109(1):136-41. Abstract

39. Midolo P, Marshall BJ. Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori: urease tests. Gastroenterol Clin N Am. 2000 Dec;29(4):871-8. Abstract

40. Gisbert JP, Pajares JM. Stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review. Helicobacter. 2000 Dec;29(4):871-8. Abstract

41. Gisbert JP, de la Morena F, Abraira V. Accuracy of monoclonal stool antigen test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Aug;101(8):1921-30. Abstract

42. Uotani T, Graham DY. Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori using the rapid urease test. Ann Transl Med. 2015 Jan;3(1):9.Full text  Abstract

43. Perna F, Ricci C, Gatta L, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of a new rapid urease test (Pronto Dry), before and after treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2005 Sep;51(3):247-54. Abstract

44. American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013. Endoscopic mucosal tissue sampling. Gastrointest Endosc. 2013 Aug;78(2):216-24.Full text  Abstract

45. Allen LH. How common is vitamin B-12 deficiency? Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Feb;89(2):693S-6S.Full text  Abstract

46. Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, et al. ACG clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jan 1;117(1):27-56.Full text  Abstract

47. Lal N, Bhasin DK, Malik AK, et al. Optimal number of biopsy specimens in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the oesophagus. Gut. 1992 Jun;33(6):724-6.Full text  Abstract

48. Ford AC, Forman D, Hunt RH, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in healthy asymptomatic infected individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2014 May 20;348:g3174.Full text  Abstract

49. Storm AC, Fishman DS, Buxbaum JL, et al. American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline on informed consent for GI endoscopic procedures. Gastrointest Endosc. 2022 Feb;95(2):207-15.Full text  Abstract

50. ASGE Standards of Practice Committee, Coelho-Prabhu N, Forbes N, et al. Adverse events associated with EGD and EGD-related techniques. Gastrointest Endosc. 2022 Sep;96(3):389-401.e1.Full text  Abstract

51. American College of Radiology. ACR appropriateness criteria®: epigastric pain. 2021 [internet publication].Full text

52. Zagari RM, Romano M, Ojetti V, et al. Guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Italy: the III Working Group Consensus Report 2015. Dig Liver Dis. 2015 Nov;47(11):903-12.Full text  Abstract

53. Katelaris PH, Forbes GM, Talley NJ, et al. A randomized comparison of quadruple and triple therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication: the QUADRATE study. Gastroenterology. 2002 Dec;123(6):1763-9. Abstract

54. Gene E, Calvet X, Azagra R, et al. Triple vs. quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2003 May 1;17(9):1137-43.Full text  Abstract

55. Yuan Y, Ford AC, Khan KJ, et al. Optimum duration of regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Dec 11;(12):CD008337.Full text  Abstract

56. Kavitt RT, Cifu AS. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection. JAMA. 2017 Apr 18;317(15):1572-73. Abstract

57. Fischbach LA, van Zanten S, Dickason J. Meta-analysis: the efficacy, adverse events, and adherence related to first-line anti-Helicobacter pylori quadruple therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2004 Nov 15;20(10):1071-82.Full text  Abstract

58. Pan KF, Zhang L, Gerhard M, et al. A large randomised controlled intervention trial to prevent gastric cancer by eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Linqu County, China: baseline results and factors affecting the eradication. Gut. 2016 Jan;65(1):9-18.Full text  Abstract

59. Wong AY, Wong IC, Chui CS, et al. Association between acute neuropsychiatric events and helicobacter pylori therapy containing clarithromycin. JAMA Intern Med. 2016 Jun 1;176(6):828-34. Abstract

60. De Leest HT, Steen KS, Bloemena E, et al. Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients on long-term treatment with NSAIDs reduces the severity of gastritis: a randomized controlled trial. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2009 Feb;43(2):140-6. Abstract

61. Chen H, Li X, Ge Z, et al. Rabeprazole combined with hydrotalcite is effective for patients with bile reflux gastritis after cholecystectomy. Can J Gastroenterol. 2010 Mar;24(3):197-201. Abstract

62. Jung JH, Choi HJ, Yoo J, et al. Emphysematous gastritis associated with invasive gastric mucormycosis: a case report. J Korean Med Sci. 2007 Oct;22(5):923-7.Full text  Abstract

63. Evans L, Rhodes A, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock 2021. Intensive Care Med. 2021 Nov;47(11):1181-247.Full text  Abstract

64. Rajendran S, Baban C, Lee G, et al. Rapid resolution of phlegmonous gastritis using antibiotics alone. BMJ Case Rep. 2009;2009:bcr02.2009.Full text  Abstract

65. Gatta L, Vakil N, Vaira D, et al. Global eradication rates for Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis of sequential therapy. BMJ. 2013 Aug 7;347:f4587.Full text  Abstract

66. Liu KS, Hung IF, Seto WK, et al. Ten day sequential versus 10 day modified bismuth quadruple therapy as empirical firstline and secondline treatment for Helicobacter pylori in Chinese patients: an open label, randomised, crossover trial. Gut. 2014 Sep;63(9):1410-5.Full text  Abstract

67. Molina-Infante J, Romano M, Fernandez-Bermejo M, et al. Optimized nonbismuth quadruple therapies cure most patients with Helicobacter pylori infection in populations with high rates of antibiotic resistance. Gastroenterology. 2013 Jul;145(1):121-128.e1. Abstract

68. Francavilla R, Lionetti E, Castellaneta SP, et al. Improved efficacy of 10-day sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in children: a randomized trial. Gastroenterology. 2005 Nov;129(5):1414-9. Abstract

69. Zullo A, Gatta L, de Francesco V, et al. High rate of Helicobacter pylori eradication with sequential therapy in elderly patients with peptic ulcer: a prospective controlled study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2005 Jun 15;21(12):1419-24.Full text  Abstract

70. De Francesco V, Margiotta M, Zullo A, et al. Clarithromycin-resistant genotypes and eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Ann Intern Med. 2006 Jan 17;144(2):94-100. Abstract

71. Zhou L, Zhang J, Chen M, et al. A comparative study of sequential therapy and standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: a randomized multicenter trial. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014 Apr;109(4):535-41. Abstract

72. McNicholl AG, Marin AC, Molina-Infante J, et al. Randomised clinical trial comparing sequential and concomitant therapies for Helicobacter pylori eradication in routine clinical practice. Gut. 2014 Feb;63(2):244-9. Abstract

73. Losurdo G, Leandro G, Principi M, et al. Sequential vs. prolonged 14-day triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: the meta-analysis may be influenced by 'geographical weighting'. Int J Clin Pract. 2015 Oct;69(10):1112-20. Abstract

74. Kale-Pradhan PB, Mihaescu A, Wilhelm SM. Fluoroquinolone sequential therapy for helicobacter pylori: a meta-analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2015 Aug;35(8):719-30. Abstract

75. Nyssen OP, McNicholl AG, Megraud F, et al. Sequential versus standard triple first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jun 28;(6):CD009034.Full text  Abstract

76. Saad RJ, Schoenfeld P, Kim HM, et al. Levofloxacin-based triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy for persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006 Mar;101(3):488-96. Abstract

77. Di Mario F, Cavallaro LG, Scarpignato C. 'Rescue' therapies for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. Dig Dis. 2006;24(1-2):113-30. Abstract

78. Miehlke S, Kirsch C, Schneider-Brachert W, et al. A prospective, randomized study of quadruple therapy and high-dose dual therapy for treatment of Helicobacter pylori resistant to both metronidazole and clarithromycin. Helicobacter. 2003 Aug;8(4):310-9. Abstract

79. Basu PP, Rayapudi K, Pacana T, et al. A randomized study comparing levofloxacin, omeprazole, nitazoxanide, and doxycycline versus triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Am J Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;106(11):1970-5.Full text  Abstract

80. Zeng M, Mao XH, Li JX, et al. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of an oral recombinant Helicobacter pylori vaccine in children in China: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2015 Oct 10;386(10002):1457-64. Abstract

81. Sasazuki S, Hayashi T, Nakachi K, et al. Protective effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2008 May;78(3):121-8. Abstract

82. Li BZ, Threapleton DE, Wang JY, et al. Comparative effectiveness and tolerance of treatments for Helicobacter pylori: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015 Aug 19;351:h4052.Full text  Abstract

83. Ren Q, Yan X, Zhou Y, et al. Periodontal therapy as adjunctive treatment for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Feb 7;2:CD009477.Full text  Abstract

84. Tan B, Luo HQ, Xu H, et al. Polaprezinc combined with clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial. PLoS One. 2017 Apr 13;12(4):e0175625.Full text  Abstract

85. Hsing AW, Hansson LE, McLaughlin JK, et al. Pernicious anemia and subsequent cancer: a population-based cohort study. Cancer. 1993 Feb 1;71(3):745-50. Abstract

86. Burkitt MD, Pritchard DM. Review article: pathogenesis and management of gastric carcinoid tumours. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Nov 1;24(9):1305-20. Abstract

87. Kim GY, Ward J, Henessey B, et al. Phlegmonous gastritis: case report and review. Gastrointest Endosc. 2005 Jan;61(1):168-74. Abstract

88. Fock KM, Talley N, Moayyedi P, et al; Asia-Pacific Gastric Cancer Consensus Conference. Asia-Pacific consensus guidelines on gastric cancer prevention. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Mar;23(3):351-65.Full text  Abstract

89. Lee YC, Chiang TH, Chou CK, et al. Association between Helicobacter pylori eradication and gastric cancer incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2016 May;150(5):1113-1124.e5.Full text  Abstract

90. Choi IJ, Kook MC, Kim YI, et al. Helicobacter pylori therapy for the prevention of metachronous gastric cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(12):1085-95.Full text  Abstract

91. Honda M, Hiki N, Nunobe S, et al. Preoperative vs postoperative eradication of Helicobacter pylori in 150 patients with gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Coll Surg. 2015 Aug;221(2):273-9. Abstract

92. Storskrubb T, Aro P, Ronkainen J, et al. Serum biomarkers provide an accurate method for diagnosis of atrophic gastritis in a general population: the Kalixanda study. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2008;43(12):1448-55. Abstract

93. van Marrewijk CJ, van Oijen MG, Paloheimo LI, et al. Influence of gastric mucosal status on success of stepwise acid suppressive therapy for dyspepsia. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Jul;30(1):82-9. Abstract

94. Vannella L, Lahner E, Osborn J, et al. Risk factors for progression to gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with atrophic gastritis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 May;31(9):1042-50.Full text  Abstract

Use of this content is subject to our disclaimer