Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

References

Key articles

Davies K, Cleary G, Foster H, et al. BSPAR Standards of Care for children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010 Jul;49(7):1406-8.Full text  Abstract

Beukelman T, Patkar NM, Saag KG, et al. 2011 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: initiation and safety monitoring of therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis and systemic features. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Apr;63(4):465-82.Full text  Abstract

Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: recommendations for nonpharmacologic therapies, medication monitoring, immunizations, and imaging. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 Apr;74(4):505-20. Abstract

Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: therapeutic approaches for oligoarthritis, temporomandibular joint arthritis, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 Apr;74(4):521-37. Abstract

Reference articles

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4. Martini A, Ravelli A, Avcin T, et al. Toward new classification criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: first steps, Pediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization international consensus. J Rheumatol. 2019 Feb;46(2):190-7.Full text  Abstract

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6. Berntson L, Andersson Gare B, Fasth A, et al. Incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the Nordic countries: a population based study with special reference to the validity of the ILAR and EULAR criteria. J Rheumatol. 2003 Oct;30(10):2275-82. Abstract

7. Thierry S, Fautrel B, Lemelle I, et al. Prevalence and incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review. Joint Bone Spine. 2014 Mar;81(2):112-7. Abstract

8. Cattalini M, Soliani M, Caparello MC, et al. Sex differences in pediatric rheumatology. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2019 Jun;56(3):293-307. Abstract

9. Weiss JE, Ilowite NT. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2007 Aug;33(3):441-70. Abstract

10. Aggarwal A, Misra DP. Enthesitis-related arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2015 Nov;34(11):1839-46. Abstract

11. Saurenmann RK, Rose JB, Tyrrell P, et al. Epidemiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in a multiethnic cohort: ethnicity as a risk factor. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Jun;56(6):1974-84.Full text  Abstract

12. Rigante D, Bosco A, Esposito S. The etiology of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2015 Oct;49(2):253-61. Abstract

13. Prahalad S. Genetics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an update. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2004 Sep;16(5):588-94. Abstract

14. Savolainen A, Säilä H, Kotaniemi K, et al. Magnitude of the genetic component in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000 Dec;59(12):1001.Full text  Abstract

15. Glass DN, Giannini EH. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis as a complex genetic trait. Arthritis Rheum. 1999 Nov;42(11):2261-8.Full text  Abstract

16. Prahalad S, O'Brien E, Fraser AM, et al. Familial aggregation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Dec;50(12):4022-7. Abstract

17. Moroldo MB, Chaudhari M, Shear E, et al. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis affected sibpairs: extent of clinical phenotype concordance. Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Jun;50(6):1928-34. Abstract

18. Moroldo MB, Tague BL, Shear ES, et al. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis in affected sibpairs. Arthritis Rheum. 1997 Nov;40(11):1962-6. Abstract

19. Prahalad S, Fraser AM, O'Brien E, et al. Lack of association between birth order and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Oct;48(10):2989-90. Abstract

20. Prahalad S, Shear ES, Thompson SD, et al. Increased prevalence of familial autoimmunity in simplex and multiplex families with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Jul;46(7):1851-6. Abstract

21. Zeft A, Shear ES, Thompson SD, et al. Familial autoimmunity: maternal parent-of-origin effect in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2008 Feb;27(2):241-4. Abstract

22. Brunner HI, Ivaskova E, Haas JP, et al. Class I associations and frequencies of class II HLA-DRB alleles by RFLP analysis in children with rheumatoid-factor-negative juvenile chronic arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 1993;13(2):83-8. Abstract

23. Murray KJ, Moroldo MB, Donnelly P, et al. Age-specific effects of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis-associated HLA alleles. Arthritis Rheum. 1999 Sep;42(9):1843-53. Abstract

24. Rachelefsky GS, Terasaki PI, Katz R, et al. Increased prevalence of W27 in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 1974 Apr 18;290(16):892-3. Abstract

25. Forre O, Dobloug JH, Hoyeraal HM, et al. HLA antigens in juvenile arthritis. Genetic basis for the different subtypes. Arthritis Rheum. 1983 Jan;26(1):35-8. Abstract

26. Moroldo MB, Donnelly P, Saunders J, et al. Transmission disequilibrium as a test of linkage and association between HLA alleles and pauciarticular-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1998 Sep;41(9):1620-4. Abstract

27. Ploski R, Vinje O, Ronningen KS, et al. HLA class II alleles and heterogeneity of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. DRB1*0101 may define a novel subset of the disease. Arthritis Rheum. 1993 Apr;36(4):465-72. Abstract

28. Thomson W, Barrett JH, Donn R, et al. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis classified by the ILAR criteria: HLA associations in UK patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002 Oct;41(10):1183-9.Full text  Abstract

29. Arvonen M, Virta LJ, Pokka T, et al. Repeated exposure to antibiotics in infancy: a predisposing factor for juvenile idiopathic arthritis or a sign of this group's greater susceptibility to infections? J Rheumatol. 2015 Mar;42(3):521-6. Abstract

30. Horton DB, Scott FI, Haynes K, et al. Antibiotic exposure and juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a case-control study. Pediatrics. 2015 Aug;136(2):e333-43.Full text  Abstract

31. Jaakkola JJ, Gissler M. Maternal smoking in pregnancy as a determinant of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathies during the first 7 years of life. Int J Epidemiol. 2005 Jun;34(3):664-71.Full text  Abstract

32. Forre O, Dobloug JH, Natvig JB. Augmented numbers of HLA-DR-positive T lymphocytes in the synovial fluid and synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: in vivo-activated T lymphocytes are potent stimulators in the mixed lymphocyte reaction. Scand J Immunol. 1982 Feb;15(2):227-31. Abstract

33. Konttinen YT, Bergroth V, Kunnamo I, et al. The value of biopsy in patients with monarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis of recent onset. Arthritis Rheum. 1986 Jan;29(1):47-53. Abstract

34. Silverman ED, Isacovics B, Petsche D, et al. Synovial fluid cells in juvenile arthritis: evidence of selective T cell migration to inflamed tissue. Clin Exp Immunol. 1993 Jan;91(1):90-5.Full text  Abstract

35. Wedderburn LR, Woo P. Type 1 and type 2 immune responses in children: their relevance in juvenile arthritis. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1999;21(3):361-74. Abstract

36. Wedderburn LR, Robinson N, Patel A, et al. Selective recruitment of polarized T cells expressing CCR5 and CXCR3 to the inflamed joints of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Apr;43(4):765-74. Abstract

37. Thompson SD, Luyrink LK, Graham TB, et al. Chemokine receptor CCR4 on CD4+ T cells in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid defines a subset of cells with increased IL-4:IFN-gamma mRNA ratios. J Immunol. 2001 Jun 1;166(11):6899-906.Full text  Abstract

38. Eberhard BA, Laxer RM, Andersson U, et al. Local synthesis of both macrophage and T cell cytokines by synovial fluid cells from children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1994 May;96(2):260-6.Full text  Abstract

39. Gattorno M, Facchetti P, Ghiotto F, et al. Synovial fluid T cell clones from oligoarticular juvenile arthritis patients display a prevalent Th1/Th0-type pattern of cytokine secretion irrespective of immunophenotype. Clin Exp Immunol. 1997 Jul;109(1):4-11.Full text  Abstract

40. Murray KJ, Grom AA, Thompson SD, et al. Contrasting cytokine profiles in the synovium of different forms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile spondyloarthropathy: prominence of interleukin 4 in restricted disease. J Rheumatol. 1998 Jul;25(7):1388-98. Abstract

41. Ozen S, Tucker LB, Miller LC. Identification of Th subsets in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis confirmed by intracellular cytokine staining. J Rheumatol. 1998 Aug;25(8):1651-3. Abstract

42. Prahalad S, Glass DN. A comprehensive review of the genetics of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatric Rheumatol Online J. 2008 Jul 21;6:11.Full text  Abstract

43. Agarwal S, Misra R, Aggarwal A. Interleukin 17 levels are increased in juvenile idiopathic arthritis synovial fluid and induce synovial fibroblasts to produce proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases. J Rheumatol. 2008 Mar;35(3):515-9. Abstract

44. Varsani H, Patel A, van Kooyk Y, et al. Synovial dendritic cells in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) express receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003 Apr;42(4):583-90.Full text  Abstract

45. Lubberts E, Koenders MI, van den Berg WB. The role of T-cell interleukin-17 in conducting destructive arthritis: lessons from animal models. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005;7(1):29-37.Full text  Abstract

46. Ringold S, Weiss PF, Beukelman T, et al. 2013 update of the 2011 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: recommendations for the medical therapy of children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and tuberculosis screening among children receiving biologic medications. Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Oct;65(10):2499-512.Full text  Abstract

47. Permin H, Horbov S, Wiik A, et al. Antinuclear antibodies in juvenile chronic arthritis. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1978 Mar;67(2):181-5. Abstract

48. Shin JI, Kim KH, Chun JK, et al. Prevalence and patterns of anti-nuclear antibodies in Korean children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis according to ILAR criteria. Scand J Rheumatol. 2008 Sep-Oct;37(5):348-51. Abstract

49. Southwood TR, Roberts-Thomson PJ, Ahern MJ, et al. Autoantibodies in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis and their immediate family relatives. Ann Rheum Dis. 1990 Dec;49(12):968-72.Full text  Abstract

50. Ravelli A, Martini A. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Lancet. 2007 Mar 3;369(9563):767-78. Abstract

51. Graham TB. Imaging in juvenile arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2005 Sep;17(5):574-8. Abstract

52. Collado P, Jousse-Joulin S, Alcade M, et al. Is ultrasound a validated imaging tool for the diagnosis and management of synovitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis? A systematic literature review. Arthritis Care Res. 2012 Jul;64(7):1011-9. Abstract

53. Magni-Manzoni S, Epis O, Ravelli A, et al. Comparison of clinical versus ultrasound-determined synovitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Nov 15;61(11):1497-504. Abstract

54. McKay GM, Cox LA, Long BW. Imaging juvenile idiopathic arthritis: assessing the modalities. Radiol Technol. 2010 Mar-Apr;81(4):318-27. Abstract

55. Miller E, Uleryk E, Doria AS. Evidence-based outcomes of studies addressing diagnostic accuracy of MRI of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2009 May;192(5):1209-18.Full text  Abstract

56. Beukelman T, Nigrovic PA. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an idea whose time has gone? J Rheumatol. 2019 Feb;46(2):124-6.Full text  Abstract

57. Shakoory B, Geerlinks A, Wilejto M, et al. The 2022 EULAR/ACR points to consider at the early stages of diagnosis and management of suspected haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (HLH/MAS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2023 Oct;82(10):1271-85.Full text  Abstract

58. Colebatch-Bourn AN, Edwards CJ, Collado P, et al. EULAR-PReS points to consider for the use of imaging in the diagnosis and management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in clinical practice. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Nov;74(11):1946-57.Full text  Abstract

59. Davies K, Cleary G, Foster H, et al. BSPAR Standards of Care for children and young people with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010 Jul;49(7):1406-8.Full text  Abstract

60. Ringold S, Angeles-Han ST, Beukelman T, et al. 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: therapeutic approaches for non-systemic polyarthritis, sacroiliitis, and enthesitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Jun;71(6):717-34.Full text  Abstract

61. Beukelman T, Patkar NM, Saag KG, et al. 2011 American College of Rheumatology recommendations for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: initiation and safety monitoring of therapeutic agents for the treatment of arthritis and systemic features. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Apr;63(4):465-82.Full text  Abstract

62. Consolaro A, Ruperto N, Bazso A, et al. Development and validation of a composite disease activity score for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009 May 15;61(5):658-66.Full text  Abstract

63. Consolaro A, Giancane G, Schiappapietra B, et al. Clinical outcome measures in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2016 Apr 18;14(1):23.Full text  Abstract

64. Long AR, Rouster-Stevens KA. The role of exercise therapy in the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2010 Mar;22(2):213-7. Abstract

65. Gannotti ME, Nahorniak M, Gorton GE III, et al. Can exercise influence low bone mineral density in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis? Pediatr Phys Ther. 2007 Summer;19(2):128-39. Abstract

66. Takken T, van Brussel M, Engelbert RH, et al. Exercise therapy in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD005954.Full text  Abstract

67. Coda A, Fowlie PW, Davidson JE, et al. Foot orthoses in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomised controlled trial. Arch Dis Child. 2014 Jul;99(7):649-51. Abstract

68. Brosseau L, Toupin-April K, Wells G, et al. Ottawa Panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for foot care in the management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Jul;97(7):1163-81. Abstract

69. Mullick MS, Nahar JS, Haq SA. Psychiatric morbidity, stressors, impact, and burden in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Health Popul Nutr. 2005 Jun;23(2):142-9. Abstract

70. Ruperto N, Murray KJ, Gerloni V, et al. A randomized trial of parenteral methotrexate comparing an intermediate dose with a higher dose in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis who failed to respond to standard doses of methotrexate. Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Jul;50(7):2191-201. Abstract

71. Giannini EH, Brewer EJ, Kuzmina N, et al. Methotrexate in resistant juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Results of the U.S.A.-U.S.S.R. double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. N Engl J Med. 1992 Apr 16;326(16):1043-9. Abstract

72. Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: recommendations for nonpharmacologic therapies, medication monitoring, immunizations, and imaging. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 Apr;74(4):505-20. Abstract

73. Silverman E, Mouy R, Spiegel L, et al. Leflunomide or methotrexate for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2005 Apr 21;352(16):1655-66.Full text  Abstract

74. Lovell DJ, Giannini EH, Reiff A, et al. Etanercept in children with polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2000 Mar 16;342(11):763-9.Full text  Abstract

75. Lovell DJ, Reiff A, Ilowite NT, et al. Safety and efficacy of up to eight years of continuous etanercept therapy in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2008 May;58(5):1496-504. Abstract

76. Lovell DJ, Ruperto N, Goodman S, et al. Adalimumab with or without methotrexate in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2008 Aug 21;359(8):810-20.Full text  Abstract

77. Burgos-Vargas R, Tse SM, Horneff G, et al. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter study of adalimumab in pediatric patients with enthesitis-related arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2015 Nov;67(11):1503-12.Full text  Abstract

78. Klotsche J, Niewerth M, Haas JP, et al. Long-term safety of etanercept and adalimumab compared to methotrexate in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 May;75(5):855-61. Abstract

79. Lovell DJ, Brunner HI, Reiff AO, et al. Long-term outcomes in patients with polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis receiving adalimumab with or without methotrexate. RMD Open. 2020 Jul;6(2):e001208.Full text  Abstract

80. Ruperto N, Lovell DJ, Cuttica R, et al. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of infliximab plus methotrexate for the treatment of polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Sep;56(9):3096-106. Abstract

81. Aeschlimann FA, Hofer KD, Cannizzaro Schneider E, et al. Infliximab in pediatric rheumatology patients: a retrospective analysis of infusion reactions and severe adverse events during 2246 infusions over 12 years. J Rheumatol. 2014 Jul;41(7):1409-15.Full text  Abstract

82. Bartoli F, Bruni C, Cometi L, et al. Premedication prevents infusion reactions and improves retention rate during infliximab treatment. Clin Rheumatol. 2016 Nov;35(11):2841-5. Abstract

83. Carrasco R, Smith JA, Lovell D. Biologic agents for the treatment of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Paediatr Drugs. 2004;6(3):137-46. Abstract

84. Yokota S, Mori M, Imagawa T, et al. Guidelines on the use of etanercept for juvenile idiopathic arthritis in Japan. Mod Rheumatol. 2010 Apr;20(2):107-13. Abstract

85. Schoels MM, van der Heijde D, Breedveld FC, et al. Blocking the effects of interleukin-6 in rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory rheumatic diseases: systematic literature review and meta-analysis informing a consensus statement. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Apr;72(4):583-9.Full text  Abstract

86. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Tocilizumab (RoActemra): rare risk of serious liver injury including cases requiring transplantation. July 2019 [internet publication].Full text

87. Ruperto N, Lovell DJ, Quartier P, et al. Abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled withdrawal trial. Lancet. 2008 Aug 2;372(9636):383-91. Abstract

88. Ruperto N, Lovell DJ, Quartier P, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of abatacept in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Jun;62(6):1792-802.Full text  Abstract

89. European Medicines Agency. Summary of opinion (post authorisation): Orencia - abatacept. January 2019 [internet publication].Full text

90. Ruperto N, Lovell DJ, Li T, et al. Abatacept improves health-related quality of life, pain, sleep quality, and daily participation in subjects with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 2010 Nov;62(11):1542-51.Full text  Abstract

91. Eccleston C, Cooper TE, Fisher E, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for chronic non-cancer pain in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017 Aug 2;8(8):CD012537.Full text  Abstract

92. Horneff G, Fitter S, Foeldvari I, et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial with adalimumab for treatment of juvenile onset ankylosing spondylitis (JoAS): significant short term improvement. Arthritis Res Ther. 2012 Oct 24;14(5):R230.Full text  Abstract

93. Hugle B, Burgos-Vargas R, Inman RD, et al. Long-term outcome of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha blockade in the treatment of juvenile spondyloarthritis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2014 May-Jun;32(3):424-31. Abstract

94. Horneff G, Burgos-Vargas R, Constantin T, et al. Efficacy and safety of open-label etanercept on extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis and psoriatic arthritis: part 1 (week 12) of the CLIPPER study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Jun;73(6):1114-22.Full text  Abstract

95. Mistry RR, Patro P, Agarwal V, et al. Enthesitis-related arthritis: current perspectives. Open Access Rheumatol. 2019 Jan 25;11:19-31.Full text  Abstract

96. Weiss PF, Xiao R, Brandon TG, et al. Comparative effectiveness of tumor necrosis factor agents and disease-modifying antirheumatic therapy in children with enthesitis-related arthritis: the first year after diagnosis. J Rheumatol. 2018 Jan;45(1):107-14.Full text  Abstract

97. Onel KB, Horton DB, Lovell DJ, et al. 2021 American College of Rheumatology guideline for the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: therapeutic approaches for oligoarthritis, temporomandibular joint arthritis, and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2022 Apr;74(4):521-37. Abstract

98. Schulert GS, Yasin S, Carey B, et al. Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated lung disease: characterization and risk factors. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019 Nov;71(11):1943-54.Full text  Abstract

99. Ravelli A, Minoia F, Davì S, et al. 2016 classification criteria for macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology/Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organisation Collaborative initiative. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2016 Mar;68(3):566-76.Full text  Abstract

100. Sura A, Failing C, Sturza J, et al. Patient characteristics associated with response to NSAID monotherapy in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2018 Jan 5;16(1):2.Full text  Abstract

101. Tarp S, Amarilyo G, Foeldvari I, et al. Efficacy and safety of biological agents for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2016 Apr;55(4):669-79.Full text  Abstract

102. Ruperto N, Brunner HI, Quartier P, et al; PRINTO; PRCSG. Two randomized trials of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 20;367(25):2396-406.Full text  Abstract

103. Pascual V, Allantaz F, Arce E, et al. Role of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the pathogenesis of systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis and clinical response to IL-1 blockade. J Exp Med. 2005 May 2;201(9):1479-86.Full text  Abstract

104. Quartier P, Allantaz F, Cimaz R, et al. A multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra in patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (ANAJIS trial). Ann Rheum Dis. 2011 May;70(5):747-54.Full text  Abstract

105. Brunner HI, Quartier P, Alexeeva E, et al. Efficacy and safety of canakinumab in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with and without fever at baseline: results from an open-label, active-treatment extension study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2020 Dec;72(12):2147-58. Abstract

106. De Benedetti F, Brunner HI, Ruperto N, et al. Randomized trial of tocilizumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 20;367(25):2385-95.Full text  Abstract

107. Song GG, Lee YH. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of biological agents in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Mar;59(3):239-46. Abstract

108. Ruperto N, Quartier P, Wulffraat N, et al. A phase II, multicenter, open-label study evaluating dosing and preliminary safety and efficacy of canakinumab in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis with active systemic features. Arthritis Rheum. 2012 Feb;64(2):557-67.Full text  Abstract

109. Lovell DJ, Giannini EH, Reiff AO, et al. Long-term safety and efficacy of rilonacept in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2013 Sep;65(9):2486-96.Full text  Abstract

110. Guzman J, Kerr T, Ward LM, et al. Growth and weight gain in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from the ReACCh-Out cohort. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J. 2017 Aug 22;15(1):68.Full text  Abstract

111. Schulert GS, Minoia F, Bohnsack J, et al. Effect of biologic therapy on clinical and laboratory features of macrophage activation syndrome associated with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018 Mar;70(3):409-19.Full text  Abstract

112. Ter Haar NM, van Dijkhuizen EHP, Swart JF, et al. Treatment to target using recombinant interleukin-1 receptor antagonist as first-line monotherapy in new-onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from a five-year follow-up study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2019 Jul;71(7):1163-73.Full text  Abstract

113. Quartier P, Alexeeva E, Constantin T, et al. Tapering canakinumab monotherapy in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis in clinical remission: results from a phase IIIb/IV open-label, randomized study. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2021 Feb;73(2):336-46.Full text  Abstract

114. DeWitt EM, Kimura Y, Beukelman T, et al. Consensus treatment plans for new-onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012 Jul;64(7):1001-10.Full text  Abstract

115. Foeldvari I, Wierk A. Effectiveness of leflunomide in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis in clinical practice. J Rheumatol. 2010 Aug 1;37(8):1763-7.Full text  Abstract

116. Ramanan AV, Quartier P, Okamoto N, et al. Baricitinib in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: an international, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, withdrawal, efficacy, and safety trial. Lancet. 2023 Aug 12;402(10401):555-70. Abstract

117. ClinicalTrials.gov. Efficacy study of tofacitinib in pediatric JIA population. NCT02592434. April 2020 [internet publication].Full text

118. Brunner HI, Ruperto N, Tzaribachev N, et al. Subcutaneous golimumab for children with active polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a multicentre, double-blind, randomised-withdrawal trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2018 Jan;77(1):21-9.Full text  Abstract

119. Ilowite NT, Prather K, Lokhnygina Y, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of rilonacept in the treatment of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Sep;66(9):2570-9.Full text  Abstract

120. American College of Rheumatology. 2022 American College of Rheumatology guideline for vaccinations in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Feb 2023 [internet publication].Full text  Abstract

121. Guzman J, Oen K, Tucker LB, et al; ReACCh-Out Investigators. The outcomes of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in children managed with contemporary treatments: results from the ReACCh-Out cohort. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 Oct;74(10):1854-60. Abstract

122. Bertilsson L, Andersson-Gäre B, Fasth A, et al. Disease course, outcome, and predictors of outcome in a population-based juvenile chronic arthritis cohort followed for 17 years. J Rheumatol. 2013 May;40(5):715-24. Abstract

123. Wallace CA, Giannini EH, Spalding SJ, et al. Clinically inactive disease in a cohort of children with new-onset polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis treated with early aggressive therapy: time to achievement, total duration, and predictors. J Rheumatol. 2014 Jun;41(6):1163-70. Abstract

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125. Angeles-Han ST, Ringold S, Beukelman T, et al. 2019 American College of Rheumatology/Arthritis Foundation guideline for the screening, monitoring, and treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2019 Jun;71(6):703-16.Full text  Abstract

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