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Gestational hypertension

Last reviewed: 29 Jun 2025
Last updated: 06 Dec 2024

Summary

Definition

History and exam

Key diagnostic factors

  • presence of risk factors
  • previously normotensive
  • BP ≥140/90 mmHg
Full details

Other diagnostic factors

  • >20 weeks' gestation
  • absence of symptoms that suggest pre-eclampsia
Full details

Risk factors

  • nulliparous
  • maternal age >35 years
  • black or Hispanic ethnicity
  • obesity
  • mother small for gestational age
  • type 1 diabetes mellitus
  • migraine
Full details

Diagnostic investigations

1st investigations to order

  • urinalysis
  • FBC
  • LFTs
  • electrolytes, urea, creatinine
  • placental growth factor
Full details

Investigations to consider

  • uric acid
  • 24-hour BP monitoring
  • fetal ultrasound
  • umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry
  • proteinuria (spot testing, 24-hour urine collection)
Full details

Treatment algorithm

ACUTE

before delivery

ONGOING

after delivery

Contributors

Authors

Aparna Sundaram, DO, MBA, MPH

Board-certified in Preventive Medicine

Board Certified in Lifestyle Medicine

Preventive Medicine Consultants, PLLC

Glendale

AZ

Declarações

AS declares that she has no competing interests.

Revisores

Caroline Apovian, MD

Associate Professor of Medicine

Boston University School of Medicine

Boston

MA

Declarações

CA declares that she has no competing interests.

James Walker, MD, FRCP(Glas), FRCP(Edin), FRCOG

Professor of Obstetrics and Gynaecology

St James's University Hospital

Leeds

UK

Declarações

JW declares that he has no competing interests.

Referências

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Principais artigos

American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. ACOG practice bulletin no. 222: gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. Jun 2020 [internet publication].Texto completo  Resumo

Magee LA, Brown MA, Hall DR, et al. The 2021 International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy classification, diagnosis & management recommendations for international practice. Pregnancy Hypertens. 2022 Mar;27:148-69. Resumo

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management. Apr 2023 [internet publication].Texto completo

Artigos de referência

Uma lista completa das fontes referenciadas neste tópico está disponível para os usuários com acesso total ao BMJ Best Practice.
  • Diagnósticos diferenciais

    • Pre-eclampsia
    • Eclampsia
    • Hypertension, essential
    Mais Diagnósticos diferenciais
  • Diretrizes

    • Hypertension in pregnancy guideline
    • Hypertension in pregnancy: diagnosis and management
    Mais Diretrizes
  • Folhetos informativos para os pacientes

    Diabetes type 2: should I take insulin?

    Diabetes type 2: what treatments work?

    Mais Folhetos informativos para os pacientes
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