Influenza infection

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Oct 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

Grohskopf LA, Alyanak E, Broder KR, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2020-21 influenza season. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2020 Aug 21;69(8):1-24.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

1. Brankston G, Gitterman L, Hirji Z, et al. Transmission of influenza A in human beings. Lancet Infect Dis. 2007 Apr;7(4):257-65.Abstract external link opens in a new window

2. Uyeki TM, Bernstein HH, Bradley JS, et al. Clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America: 2018 update on diagnosis, treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and institutional outbreak management of seasonal influenza. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Mar 5;68(6):e1-47.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

3. Neuzil KM, Wright PF, Mitchel EF Jr, et al. The burden of influenza illness in children with asthma and other chronic medical conditions. J Pediatr. 2000 Dec;137(6):856-64.Abstract external link opens in a new window

4. Martin CM, Kunin CM, Gottlieb LS, et al. Asian influenza A in Boston, 1957-1958. Arch Intern Med. 1959 Apr;103(4):515-31.Abstract external link opens in a new window

5. Nicholson K, Wood JM, Zambon M, et al. Influenza. Lancet. 2003 Nov 22;362(9397):1733-45.Abstract external link opens in a new window

6. Zimmer SM, Burke DS. Historical perspective - Emergence of influenza A (H1N1) viruses. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jul 16;361(3):279-85.Abstract external link opens in a new window

7. Australian Government Department of Health. Australian Influenza Surveillance Report. No. 12, 2017. October 2017Full text external link opens in a new window

8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Reconstruction of the 1918 influenza pandemic virus. Dec 2019 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

9. Stephenson I, Zambon M. The epidemiology of influenza. Occup Med (Lond). 2002 Aug;52(5):241-7.Abstract external link opens in a new window

10. Klimov A, Rocha E, Hayden FG, et al. Prolonged shedding of amantadine-resistant influenzae A viruses by immunodeficient patients: detection by polymerase chain reaction-restriction analysis. J Infect Dis. 1995 Nov;172(5):1352-5.Abstract external link opens in a new window

11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Estimates of deaths associated with seasonal influenza - United States, 1976-2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Aug 27;59(33):1057-62.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

12. Kostova D, Reed C, Finelli L, et al. Influenza illness and hospitalizations averted by influenza vaccination in the United States, 2005-2011. PLoS One. 2013 Jun 19;8(6):e6631.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza (flu). Oct 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

14. Committee on Infectious Diseases. Recommendations for prevention and control of influenza in children, 2020-2021. Pediatrics. 2020 Oct; 146(4): e2020024588.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

15. Hutchinson AF, Ghimire AK, Thompson MA, et al. A community-based, time-matched, case-control study of respiratory viruses and exacerbations of COPD. Respir Med. 2007 Dec;101(12):2472-81.Abstract external link opens in a new window

16. Kopsaftis Z, Wood-Baker R, Poole P. Influenza vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 26;6:CD002733.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

17. Bekkat-Berkani R, Wilkinson T, Buchy P, et al. Seasonal influenza vaccination in patients with COPD: a systematic literature review. BMC Pulm Med. 2017 May 3;17(1):79.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

18. Nichol KL, Nordin J, Mullooly J, et al. Influenza vaccination and reduction in hospitalizations for cardiac disease and stroke among the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2003 Apr 3;348(14):1322-32.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

19. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for vaccinating kidney dialysis patients and patients with chronic kidney disease. December 2012 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

20. Hak E, Nordin J, Wei F, et al. Influence of high-risk medical conditions on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination among elderly members of 3 large managed-care organizations. Clin Infect Dis. 2002 Aug 15;35(4):370-7.Abstract external link opens in a new window

21. Dos Santos G, Tahrat H, Bekkat-Berkani R. Immunogenicity, safety, and effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccination in patients with diabetes mellitus: asystematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018;14(8):1853-66.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

22. Orzeck EA, Shi N, Blumentals WA. Oseltamivir and the risk of influenza-related complications and hospitalizations in patients with diabetes. Clin Ther. 2007 Oct;29(10):2246-55.Abstract external link opens in a new window

23. Mehta SR, Afenyi-Annan A, Byrns PJ, et al. Opportunities to improve outcomes in sickle cell disease. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Jul 15;74(2):303-10.Abstract external link opens in a new window

24. Kim YJ, Boeckh M, Englund JA. Community respiratory virus infections in immunocompromised patients: hematopoietic stem cell and solid organ transplant recipients, and individuals with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Apr;28(2):222-42.Abstract external link opens in a new window

25. Zhang W, Sun H, Atiquzzaman M, et al. Influenza vaccination for HIV-positive people: Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2018 Jun 27;36(28):4077-86.Abstract external link opens in a new window

26. Danziger-Isakov L, Kumar D, AST ID Community of Practice. Vaccination of solid organ transplant candidates and recipients: Guidelines from the American society of transplantation infectious diseases community of practice. Clin Transplant. 2019 Sep;33(9):e13563.Abstract external link opens in a new window

27. Beck CR, McKenzie BC, Hashim AB, et al. Influenza vaccination for immunocompromised patients: systematic review and meta-analysis from a public health policy perspective. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29249.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

28. McKittrick N, Frank I, Jacobson JM, et al. Improved immunogenicity with high-dose seasonal influenza vaccine in HIV-infected persons: a single-center, parallel, randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2013 Jan 1;158(1):19-26.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

29. Madhi SA, Cutland CL, Kuwanda L, et al.; Maternal Flu Trial (Matflu) Team. Influenza vaccination of pregnant women and protection of their infants. N Engl J Med. 2005 Oct 21;54(41):1050-2.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

30. Kumar D, Campbell P, Hoschler K, et al. Randomized controlled trial of adjuvanted versus nonadjuvanted influenza vaccine in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2016 Mar;100(3):662-9.Abstract external link opens in a new window

31. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Recommendations for obstetric health care providers related to use of antiviral medications in the treatment and prevention of influenza. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

32. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologist. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 753: Assessment and treatment of pregnant women with suspected or confirmed influenza. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Oct;132(4):e169-e173.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

33. Nunes MC, Aqil AR, Omer SB, Madhi SA. The effects of influenza vaccination during pregnancy on birth outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Perinatol. 2016 Sep;33(11):1104-14.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

34. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Influenza vaccination during pregnancy. ACOG Committee Opinion No. 732. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Apr;131(4):e109-14.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

35. Polyzos KA, Konstantelias AA, Pitsa CE, et al. Maternal influenza vaccination and risk for congenital malformations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Nov;126(5):1075-84.Abstract external link opens in a new window

36. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Immunization of health-care personnel: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2011 Nov 25;60(RR-7):1-45.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

37. Bernstein HH, Starke JR; American Academy of Pediatrics; et al. Policy statement - recommendation for mandatory influenza immunization of all health care personnel. Pediatrics. 2010 Oct;126(4):809-15.Abstract external link opens in a new window

38. Jackson LA, Gaglani MJ, Keyserling HL, et al. Safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity of an inactivated influenza vaccine in healthy adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial over two influenza seasons. BMC Infect Dis. 2010 Mar 17;10:71.Abstract external link opens in a new window

39. Beyer WE, Nauta JJ, Palache AM, et al. Immunogenicity and safety of inactivated influenza vaccines in primed populations: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Vaccine. 2011 Aug 5;29(34):5785-92.Abstract external link opens in a new window

40. Demicheli V, Jefferson T, Ferroni E, et al Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Feb 1;2:CD001269.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

41. Bitterman R, Eliakim-Raz N, Vinograd I, et al. Influenza vaccines in immunosuppressed adults with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Feb 1;2:CD008983.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

42. Jefferson T, Rivetti A, Di Pietrantonj C, et al. Vaccines for preventing influenza in healthy children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Feb 1;(2):CD004879.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

43. Demicheli V, Jefferson T, Di Pietrantonj C, et al. Vaccines for preventing influenza in the elderly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Feb 1;2:CD004876.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

44. Rondy M, El Omeiri N, Thompson MG, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in preventing severe influenza illness among adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of test-negative design case-control studies. J Infect. 2017 Nov;75(5):381-394.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

45. Vasileiou E, Sheikh A, Butler C, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccines in asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 15;65(8):1388-1395.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

46. Public Health England. National flu immunisation programme plan. August 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

47. Grohskopf LA, Alyanak E, Broder KR, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2020-21 influenza season. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2020 Aug 21;69(8):1-24.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

48. Englund JA, Walter E, Black S, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in infants: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2010 Feb;29(2):105-10.Abstract external link opens in a new window

49. Sukumaran L, McCarthy NL, Kharbanda EO, et al. Infant hospitalizations and mortality after maternal vaccination. Pediatrics. 2018 Feb 20. pii: e20173310.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

50. Thompson MG, Kwong JC, Regan AK, et al; PREVENT Workgroup. Influenza vaccine effectiveness in preventing influenza-associated hospitalizations during pregnancy: a multi-country retrospective test negative design study, 2010-2016. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Oct 11. [Epub ahead of print].Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

51. Nunes MC, Madhi SA. Influenza vaccination during pregnancy for prevention of influenza confirmed illness in the infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2017 Mar 4;14(3):758-66.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

52. World Health Organization. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2020-2021 northern hemisphere influenza season. February 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

53. Greenhawt M, Turner PJ, Kelso JM. Administration of influenza vaccines to egg allergic recipients: a practice parameter update 2017. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018 Jan;120(1):49-52.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

54. Kelso JM, Greenhawt MJ, Li JT, et al. Adverse reactions to vaccines practice parameter 2012 update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Jul;130(1):25-43.Abstract external link opens in a new window

55. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Cell-based flu vaccines. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

56. European Medicines Agency. Flucelvax tetra. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

57. Fukuda K, Kieny MP. Different approaches to influenza vaccination. N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 14;355(24):2586-7.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

58. Wilde JA, McMillan JA, Serwint J, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in health care professionals: a randomized trial. JAMA. 1999 Mar 10;281(10):908-13.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

59. Bridges CB, Thompson WW, Meltzer MI, et al. Effectiveness and cost-benefit of influenza vaccination of healthy working adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2000 Oct 4;284(13):1655-63.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

60. Nichol KL, Mendelman PM, Mallon KP, et al. Effectiveness of live, attenuated intranasal influenza virus vaccine in healthy, working adults: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1999 Jul 14;282(2):137-44.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

61. Edwards KM, Dupont WD, Westrich MK, et al. A randomized controlled trial of cold-adapted and inactivated vaccines for the prevention of influenza A disease. J Infect Dis. 1994 Jan;169(1):68-76.Abstract external link opens in a new window

62. Ohmit SE, Victor JC, Rotthoff JR, et al. Prevention of antigenically drifted influenza by inactivated and live attenuated vaccines. N Engl J Med. 2006 Dec 14;355(24):2513-22.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

63. DiazGranados CA, Denis M, Plotkin S. Seasonal influenza vaccine efficacy and its determinants in children and non-elderly adults: a systematic review with meta-analyses of controlled trials. Vaccine. 2012 Dec 17;31(1):49-57.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

64. Manzoli L, Ioannidis JP, Flacco ME, et al. Effectiveness and harms of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines in children, adults and elderly: a critical review and re-analysis of 15 meta-analyses. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Jul;8(7):851-62.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

65. Osterholm MT, Kelley NS, Sommer A, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012 Jan;12(1):36-44.Abstract external link opens in a new window

66. Monto AS, Rotthoff J, Teich E, et al. Detection and control of outbreaks in well-vaccinated nursing home populations. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Aug 15;39(4):459-64.Abstract external link opens in a new window

67. Nichol KL, Nordin JD, Nelson DB, et al. Effectiveness of influenza vaccine in the community-dwelling elderly. N Engl J Med. 2007 Oct 4;357(14):1373-81.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

68. De Villiers PJ, Steele AD, Hiemstra LA, et al. Efficacy and safety of a live attenuated influenza vaccine in adults 60 years of age and older. Vaccine. 2009 Dec 10;28(1):228-34.Abstract external link opens in a new window

69. Jefferson T, Rivetti D, Rivetti A, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of influenza vaccines in elderly people: a systematic review. Lancet. 2005 Oct 1;366(9492):1165-74.Abstract external link opens in a new window

70. Armstrong BG, Mangtani P, Fletcher A, et al. Effect of influenza vaccination on excess deaths occurring during periods of high circulation of influenza: cohort study in elderly people. BMJ. 2004 Sep 18;329(7467):660.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

71. Cools HJ, Gussekloo J, Remmerswaal JE, et al. Benefits of increasing the dose of influenza vaccine in residents of long-term care facilities: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Med Virol. 2009 May;81(5):908-14.Abstract external link opens in a new window

72. DiazGranados CA, Dunning AJ, Kimmel M, et al. Efficacy of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccine in older adults. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):635-45.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

73. Nace DA, Lin CJ, Ross TM, et al. Randomized, controlled trial of high-dose influenza vaccine among frail residents of long-term care facilities. J Infect Dis. 2015 Jun 15;211(12):1915-24.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

74. Lee JKH, Lam GKL, Shin T, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of high-dose versus standard-dose influenza vaccination for older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2018 May 16;17(5):435-43.Abstract external link opens in a new window

75. Samson SI, Leventhal PS, Salamand C, et al. Immunogenicity of high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Feb 13;18(3):295-308.Abstract external link opens in a new window

76. Lehmann HC, Hartung HP, Kieseier BC, et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome after exposure to influenza virus. Lancet Infect Dis. 2010 Sep;10(9):643-51.Abstract external link opens in a new window

77. Lasky T, Terracciano GJ, Magder L, et al. The Guillain-Barré syndrome and the 1992-1993 and 1993-1994 influenza vaccines. N Engl J Med. 1998 Dec 17;339(25):1797-802.Abstract external link opens in a new window

78. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza signs and symptoms and the role of laboratory diagnostics. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

79. Call SA, Vollenweider MA, Hornung CA, et al. Does this patient have influenza? JAMA. 2005 Feb 23;293(8):987-97.Abstract external link opens in a new window

80. Hayden FG, Fritz R, Lobo MC, et al. Local and systemic cytokine responses during experimental human influenza A virus infection. Relation to symptom formation and host defense. J Clin Invest. 1998 Feb 1;101(3):643-9.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

81. Monto AS, Gravenstein S, Elliott M, et al. Clinical signs and symptoms predicting influenza infection. Arch Intern Med. 2000 Nov 27;160(21):3243-7.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

82. Nicholson KG, Kent J, Hammersley V, et al. Acute viral infections of upper respiratory tract in elderly people living in the community: comparative, prospective, population based study of disease burden. BMJ. 1997 Oct 25;315(7115):1060-4.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

83. Vesikari T, Beran J, Durviaux S, et al. Use of real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) as a diagnostic tool for influenza infection in a vaccine efficacy trial. J Clin Virol. 2012 Jan;53(1):22-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

84. Egilmezer E, Walker GJ, Bakthavathsalam P, et al. Systematic review of the impact of point-of-care testing for influenza on the outcomes of patients with acute respiratory tract infection. Rev Med Virol. 2018 Sep;28(5):e1995.Abstract external link opens in a new window

85. Huang HS, Tsai CL, Chang J, et al. Multiplex PCR system for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory virus infection: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017 Oct;24(10):1055-63.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

86. Glezen WP, Taber LH, Frank AL, et al. Influenza virus infections in infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997 Nov;16(11):1065-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

87. Peltola V, Ziegler T, Ruuskanen O. Influenza A and B virus infections in children. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Feb 1;36(3):299-305.Abstract external link opens in a new window

88. Glezen WP. Influenza viruses. In: Feigin RD, Cherry JD, Demmler GJ, et al., eds. Textbook of pediatric infectious diseases. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders; 2004:2252-69.

89. Govaert TM, Dinant GJ, Aretz K, et al. The predictive value of influenza symptomatology in elderly people. Fam Pract. 1998 Feb;15(1):16-22.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

90. Walsh EE, Cox C, Falsey AR. Clinical features of influenza A virus infection in older hospitalized persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2002 Sep;50(9):1498-503.Abstract external link opens in a new window

91. Neuzil KM, O'Connor TZ, Gorse GJ, et al. Recognizing influenza in older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who have received influenza vaccine. Clin Infect Dis. 2003 Jan 15;36(2):169-74.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

92. Ohmit SE, Monto AS. Symptomatic predictors of influenza virus positivity in children during the influenza season. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Sep 1;43(5):564-8.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

93. Simonsen L. The global impact of influenza on morbidity and mortality. Vaccine. 1999;17(suppl 1):S3-10.Abstract external link opens in a new window

94. Miller JM, Binnicker MJ, Campbell S, et al. A guide to utilization of the microbiology laboratory for diagnosis of infectious diseases: 2018 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the American Society for Microbiology. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Aug 31;67(6):e1-94. Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

95. Merckx J, Wali R, Schiller I, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of novel and traditional rapid tests for influenza infection compared with reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2017 Sep 19;167(6):394-409.Abstract external link opens in a new window

96. Bruning AHL, Leeflang MMG, Vos JMBW, et al. Rapid tests for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, and other respiratory viruses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 15;65(6):1026-32.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

97. Petrozzino JJ, Smith C, Atkinson MJ. Rapid diagnostic testing for seasonal influenza: an evidence-based review and comparison with unaided clinical diagnosis. J Emerg Med. 2010 Oct;39(4):476-490.Abstract external link opens in a new window

98. Marrie TJ. Community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Apr;18(4):501-13.Abstract external link opens in a new window

99. Solomon DA, Sherman AC, Kanjilal S. Influenza in the COVID-19 era. JAMA. 2020 Aug 14 [Epub ahead of print].Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

100. Shay DK, Holman RC, Newman RD, et al. Bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations among US children, 1980-1996. JAMA. 1999 Oct 20;282(15):1440-6.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

101. Wald TG, Miller BA, Shult P, et al. Can respiratory syncytial virus and influenza A be distinguished clinically in institutionalized older persons? J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Feb;43(2):170-4.Abstract external link opens in a new window

102. Rose EB, Wheatley A, Langley G, et al. Respiratory syncytial virus seasonality - United States, 2014-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018 Jan 19;67(2):71-6.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

103. American Academy of Pediatrics. Respiratory syncytial virus. In: Pickering LK, ed. Red book: 2006 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 27th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2006:561.

104. Hall CB. Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. N Engl J Med. 2001 Jun 21;344(25):1917-28.Abstract external link opens in a new window

105. Wendt CH, Hertz MI. Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus infections in the immunocompromised host. Semin Respir Infect. 1995 Dec;10(4):224-31.Abstract external link opens in a new window

106. Denny FW, Clyde WA Jr. Acute lower respiratory tract infections in nonhospitalized children. J Pediatr. 1986 May;108(5 Pt 1):635-46.Abstract external link opens in a new window

107. Frank AL, Couch RB, Griffis CA, et al. Comparison of different tissue cultures for isolation and quantitation of influenza and parainfluenza viruses. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Jul;10(1):32-6.Abstract external link opens in a new window

108. Ray CG, Minnich LL. Efficiency of immunofluorescence for rapid detection of common respiratory viruses. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Feb;25(2):355-7.Abstract external link opens in a new window

109. Osiowy C. Direct detection of respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, and adenovirus in clinical respiratory specimens by a multiplex reverse transcription-PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol. 1998 Nov;36(11):3149-54.Abstract external link opens in a new window

110. Fiore AE, Fry A, Shay D, et al. Antiviral agents for the treatment and chemoprophylaxis of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2011 Jan 21;60(1):1-24.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

111. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Oseltamivir, amantadine (review) and zanamivir for the prophylaxis of influenza. September 2008 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

112. Cox NJ, Fukuda K. Influenza. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 1998 Mar;12(1):27-38.Abstract external link opens in a new window

113. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Influenza antiviral medications: summary for clinicians. Aug 2020 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

114. Public Health England. Influenza: treatment and prophylaxis using anti-viral agents. October 2017 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

115. Jefferson T, Jones M, Doshi P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2009 Dec 8;339:b5106.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

116. Shun-Shin M, Thompson M, Heneghan C, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in children: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009 Aug 10;339:b3172.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

117. Doll MK, Winters N, Boikos C, et al. Safety and effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza treatment, prophylaxis, and outbreak control: a systematic review of systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Nov 1;72(11):2990-3007.Abstract external link opens in a new window

118. Venkatesan S, Myles PR, Leonardi-Bee J, et al. Impact of outpatient neuraminidase inhibitor treatment in patients infected with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 at high risk of hospitalization: an individual participant data metaanalysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 May 15;64(10):1328-34. Abstract external link opens in a new window

119. Jackson RJ, Cooper KL, Tappenden P, et al. Oseltamivir, zanamivir and amantadine in the prevention of influenza: a systematic review. J Infect. 2011 Jan;62(1):14-25.Abstract external link opens in a new window

120. Jefferson T, Jones MA, Doshi P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(4):CD008965.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

121. Heneghan CJ, Onakpoya I, Thompson M, et al. Zanamivir for influenza in adults and children: systematic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments. BMJ. 2014 Apr 9;348:g2547.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

122. Jefferson T, Jones M, Doshi P, et al. Oseltamivir for influenza in adults and children: systematic review of clinical study reports and summary of regulatory comments. BMJ. 2014 Apr 9;348:g2545.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

123. Cohen D. Complications: tracking down the data on oseltamivir. BMJ. 2009 Dec 8;339:b5387.Abstract external link opens in a new window

124. Doshi P. Neuraminidase inhibitors - the story behind the Cochrane review. BMJ. 2009 Dec 8;339:b5164.Abstract external link opens in a new window

125. Jefferson T, Doshi P, Thompson M, et al. Ensuring safe and effective drugs: who can do what it takes? BMJ. 2011 Jan 11;342:c7258.Abstract external link opens in a new window

126. Dobson J, Whitley RJ, Pocock S, et al. Oseltamivir treatment for influenza in adults: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet. 2015 May 2;385(9979):1729-37.Abstract external link opens in a new window

127. Uyeki T. Antiviral treatment for patients hospitalized with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1). N Engl J Med. 2009 Dec 3;361(23):e110.Abstract external link opens in a new window

128. Wang K, Shun-Shin M, Gill P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in children (published trials only). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(1):CD002744.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

129. Stiver G. The treatment of influenza with antiviral drugs. CMAJ. 2003 Jan 7;168(1):49-56.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

130. Heinonen S, Silvennoinen H, Lehtinen P, et al. Early oseltamivir treatment of influenza in children 1-3 years of age: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2010 Oct 15;51(8):887-94.Abstract external link opens in a new window

131. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA updates warnings for oral and injectable fluoroquinolone antibiotics due to disabling side effects. July 2016 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

132. European Medicines Agency. Quinolone- and fluoroquinolone-containing medicinal products. March 2019 [internet publication]. Full text external link opens in a new window

133. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA reinforces safety information about serious low blood sugar levels and mental health side effects with fluoroquinolone antibiotics; requires label changes. July 2018 [internet publication]. Full text external link opens in a new window

134. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA warns about increased risk of ruptures or tears in the aorta blood vessel with fluoroquinolone antibiotics in certain patients. December 2018 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window

135. Dowell SF, Butler JC, Giebink GS, et al. Acute otitis media: management and surveillance in an era of pneumococcal resistance - a report from the Drug-resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1999 Jan;18(1):1-9.Abstract external link opens in a new window

136. Jefferson T, Demicheli V, Rivetti D, et al. Antivirals for influenza in healthy adults: systematic review. Lancet. 2006 Jan 28;367(9507):303-13.Abstract external link opens in a new window

137. Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, Abrams KR, et al. Effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors in treatment and prevention of influenza A and B: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2003 Jun 7;326(7401):1235.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

138. Lieberthal AS, Carroll AE, Chonmaitree T, et al. The diagnosis and management of acute otitis media. Pediatrics. 2013 Feb 25;131(3):e964-99.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

139. McAllister L, Anderson J, Werth K, et al. Needle-free jet injection for administration of influenza vaccine: a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2014 Aug 23;384(9944):674-81.Abstract external link opens in a new window

140. Moscona A. Medical management of influenza infection. Annu Rev Med. 2008 Feb;59:397-413.Abstract external link opens in a new window

141. Ilyushina NA, Hoffmann E, Salomon R, et al. Amantadine-oseltamivir combination therapy for H5N1 influenza virus infection in mice. Antivir Ther. 2007;12(3):363-70.Abstract external link opens in a new window

142. Smee DF, Hurst BL, Wong MH, et al. Effects of the combination of favipiravir (T-705) and oseltamivir on influenza A virus infections in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Jan;54(1):126-33.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

143. Ilyushina NA, Bovin NV, Webster RG, et al. Combination chemotherapy, a potential strategy for reducing the emergence of drug-resistant influenza A variants. Antiviral Res. 2006 Jul;70(3):121-31.Abstract external link opens in a new window

144. Duval X, van der Werf S, Blanchon T, et al. Efficacy of oseltamivir-zanamivir combination compared to each monotherapy for seasonal influenza: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2010 Nov 2;7(11):e1000362.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

145. Belser JA, Lu X, Szretter KJ, et al. DAS181, a novel sialidase fusion protein, protects mice from lethal avian influenza H5N1 virus infection. J Infect Dis. 2007 Oct 31;196(10):1493-9.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

146. Moscona A, Porotto M, Palmer S, et al. A recombinant sialidase fusion protein effectively inhibits human parainfluenza viral infection in vitro and in vivo. J Infect Dis. 2010 Jul 15;202(2):234-41.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

147. Wu C, Chen W, Chen J, H. Preparation of monoPEGylated Cyanovirin-N's derivative and its anti-influenza A virus bioactivity in vitro and in vivo. J Biochem. 2015 Jun;157(6):539-48.Abstract external link opens in a new window

148. Švančarová P, Svetlíková D, Betáková T. Induction of interferon lambda in influenza a virus infected cells treated with shRNAs against M1 transcript. Acta Virol. 2015 Jun;59(2):148-55.Abstract external link opens in a new window

149. Furuta Y, Gowen BB, Takahashi K, et al. Favipiravir (T-705), a novel viral RNA polymerase inhibitor. Antiviral Res. 2013 Nov;100(2):446-54.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

150. Beigel J, Bray M. Current and future antiviral therapy of severe seasonal and avian influenza. Antiviral Res. 2008 Apr;78(1):91-102.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

151. Jones S, Evans K, McElwaine-Johnn H, et al. DNA vaccination protects against an influenza challenge in a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled phase 1b clinical trial. Vaccine. 2009 Apr 21;27(18):2506-12.Abstract external link opens in a new window

152. Smith LR, Wloch MK, Ye M, et al. Phase 1 clinical trials of the safety and immunogenicity of adjuvanted plasmid DNA vaccines encoding influenza A virus H5 hemagglutinin. Vaccine. 2010 Mar 16;28(13):2565-72.Abstract external link opens in a new window

153. Influenza Vaccine 2007-2008. Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2007 Oct 8;49(1271):81-3.Abstract external link opens in a new window

154. GBD 2017 Influenza Collaborators. Mortality, morbidity, and hospitalisations due to influenza lower respiratory tract infections, 2017: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet Respir Med. 2018 Dec 12;7(1):69-89.Full text external link opens in a new windowAbstract external link opens in a new window

155. Schwarzmann SW, Adler JL, Sullivan RJ Jr, et al. Bacterial pneumonia during the Hong Kong influenza epidemic of 1968-1969. Arch Intern Med. 1971 Jun;127(6):1037-41.Abstract external link opens in a new window

156. Newland JG, Laurich VM, Rosenquist AW, et al. Neurologic complications in children hospitalized with influenza: characteristics, incidence, and risk factors. J Pediatr. 2007 Mar;150(3):306-10.Abstract external link opens in a new window

157. Winther B, Block SL, Reisinger K, et al. Impact of oseltamivir treatment on the incidence and course of acute otitis media in children with influenza. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Jun;74(6):684-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

158. Casey JR, Pichichero ME. Changes in frequency and pathogens causing acute otitis media in 1995-2003. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 Sep;23(9):824-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

159. Gamboa ET, Eastwood AB, Hays AP, et al. Isolation of influenza virus from muscle in myoglobinuric polymyositis. Neurology. 1979 Oct;29(10):1323-35.Abstract external link opens in a new window

160. Dell KM, Schulman SL. Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure in a child with influenza A infection. Pediatr Nephrol. 1997 Jun;11(3):363-5.Abstract external link opens in a new window

161. Dietzman DE, Schaller JG, Ray CG, et al. Acute myositis associated with influenza B infection. Pediatrics. 1976 Feb;57(2):255-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

162. Brinar VV, Habek M, Brinar M, et al. The differential diagnosis of acute transverse myelitis. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2006 Mar;108(3):278-83.Abstract external link opens in a new window

163. Ropper AH. The Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1992 Apr 23;326(17):1130-6.Abstract external link opens in a new window

164. MacDonald K, Osterholm M, Hedberg C, et al. Toxic shock syndrome: a newly recognized complication of influenza and influenza-like illness. JAMA. 1987 Feb 27;257(8):1053-8.Abstract external link opens in a new window

165. US Food & Drug Administration. FDA warns of fraudulent and unapproved flu products. March 2018 [internet publication].Full text external link opens in a new window