When viewing this topic in a different language, you may notice some differences in the way the content is structured, but it still reflects the latest evidence-based guidance.

Dermatomyositis

ბოლო მიმოხილვა: 21 Aug 2025
ბოლო განახლება: 19 Mar 2024

შეჯამება

განსაზღვრება

ანამნეზი და გასინჯვა

ძირითადი დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • Gottron papules
  • heliotrope rash with or without periorbital edema
  • macular violaceous erythema
  • periungual erythema, nail-fold capillary dilation, cuticular overgrowth
  • "mechanic's" hands
  • proximal muscle weakness
სრული ტექსტი

სხვა დიაგნოსტიკური ფაქტორები

  • photosensitivity
  • poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans
  • pruritus
  • fatigue and malaise
  • dyspnea
  • weight loss
  • fever
  • myalgia
  • arthralgia
  • dysphagia
  • palpitations and syncope
  • Raynaud phenomenon
  • cutaneous calcinosis
  • erythroderma
  • vesiculobullous lesions
  • leukocytoclastic vasculitis
  • cutaneous necrosis
  • nonscarring alopecia
სრული ტექსტი

რისკფაქტორები

  • genetic predisposition
  • bimodal age distribution: children and age >40 years
  • female sex
  • black race
  • ultraviolet radiation
  • infectious agents
  • drugs
  • immunization
სრული ტექსტი

დიაგნოსტიკური კვლევები

1-ად შესაკვეთი გამოკვლევები

  • serum creatine kinase (CK)
  • serum aldolase
  • muscle biopsy
  • electromyogram (EMG)
  • skin biopsy
  • antinuclear antibody (ANA)
  • myositis-specific antibodies (MSAs) and myositis-associated antibodies (MAAs)
სრული ტექსტი

გასათვალისწინებელი კვლევები

  • muscle MRI
  • ECG
  • echocardiography
  • cardiac troponin I
  • chest x-ray (CXR)
  • pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
  • high-resolution CT of chest
  • barium swallow or videofluoroscopic assessment of swallow
სრული ტექსტი

მკურნალობის ალგორითმი

მწვავე

severe disease or acute flares

მიმდინარე

combined muscle and skin disease

skin disease only

კონტრიბუტორები

ავტორები

Michael Edward Farrugia, MD, PgDip, MRCP (Derm)

Dermatology Specialty Trainee

Lauriston Building

NHS Lothian

Edinburgh

UK

გაფრთხილება:

MEF has received funding from AbbVie to attend an international dermatology conference.

Meng May Chee, MBChB, MD, MRCP

Consultant Rheumatologist

Queen Elizabeth University Hospital

Glasgow

UK

გაფრთხილება:

MMC accepted a sponsored invitation to attend the EULAR e-congress in June 2020.

Girish Gupta, FRCP

Consultant Dermatologist

Lauriston Building

Edinburgh

UK

Раскрытие информации

GG has received honoraria for membership of advisory boards from Almirall, Leo, Lilly, Mylan, and Novartis. GG has also received lecture fees from AbbVie, Almirall, Galderma, La Roche Posay, Leo, Mylan, and Novartis. GG declares that none of the payments are related to this topic or treatments discussed in this topic, and there are no contractual agreements to disseminate product information.

Выражение благодарностей

Dr Michael E. Farrugia, Dr Meng May Chee, and Dr Girish Gupta would like to gratefully acknowledge Dr Sarah A. Saunders, Dr Rajan Madhok, and Dr Nicola Alcorn, previous contributors to this topic.

Раскрытие информации

SAS and NA declare that they have no competing interests. RM declared holding shares in GSK to the value less than £12,000.

Рецензенты

Nizar Souayah, MD

Assistant Professor of Neurology

Director of EMG Laboratory & Peripheral Neuropathy Center

Department of Neurology & Neurosciences

New Jersey Medical School

Newark

NJ

Раскрытие информации

NS declares that he has no competing interests.

Sami Khella, MD

Physician

Department of Neurology

Penn Presbyterian Medical Center

University of Pennsylvania Health System

Philadelphia

PA

Раскрытие информации

SK declares that he has no competing interests.

Yusuf Yazici, MD

Assistant Professor

Associate Director

Arthritis Program

Director

Behcet's Syndrome Center

Seligman Center for Advanced Therapeutics

New York University Hospital for Joint Diseases

New York

NY

Раскрытие информации

YY has served as a consultant for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Roche, Celgene, Centocor, and UCB, and has been a speaker for Pfizer and Bristol-Myers Squibb.

Peer reviewer acknowledgements

BMJ Best Practice topics are updated on a rolling basis in line with developments in evidence and guidance. The peer reviewers listed here have reviewed the content at least once during the history of the topic.

Disclosures

Peer reviewer affiliations and disclosures pertain to the time of the review.

Список литературы

Our in-house evidence and editorial teams collaborate with international expert contributors and peer reviewers to ensure that we provide access to the most clinically relevant information possible.

Основные статьи

Gerami P, Schope JM, McDonald L, et al. A systematic review of adult-onset clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (dermatomyositis sine myositis): a missing link within the spectrum of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006 Apr;54(4):597-613. Аннотация

Dalakas MC, Hohlfeld R. Polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Lancet. 2003 Sep 20;362(9388):971-82. Аннотация

DeWane ME, Waldman R, Lu J. Dermatomyositis: clinical features and pathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020 Feb;82(2):267-81. Аннотация

Статьи, указанные как источники

A full list of sources referenced in this topic is available to users with access to all of BMJ Best Practice.

Использование этого контента попадает под действие нашего заявления об отказе от ответственности