Evaluation of hyperprolactinemia

Mah PM, Webster J. Hyperprolactinemia: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Semin Reprod Med. 2002 Nov;20(4):365-74. Abstract

Gibney J, Smith TP, McKenna TJ. Clinical relevance of macroprolactin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Jun;62(6):633-43.Full text  Abstract

Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88.Full text  Abstract

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6. Gibney J, Smith TP, McKenna TJ. Clinical relevance of macroprolactin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2005 Jun;62(6):633-43.Full text  Abstract

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13. Schlechte JA. Long-term management of prolactinomas. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Aug;92(8):2861-5.Full text  Abstract

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19. Cortet-Rudelli C, Sapin R, Bonneville JF, et al. Etiological diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia. Ann Endocrinol (Paris). 2007 Jun;68(2-3):98-105. Abstract

20. Goel P, Kahkasha, Narang S, et al. Evaluation of serum prolactin level in patients of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Jan;9(1):BC15-7.Full text  Abstract

21. Kyritsi EM, Dimitriadis GK, Angelousi A, et al. The value of prolactin in predicting prolactinοma in hyperprolactinaemic polycystic ovarian syndrome. Eur J Clin Invest. 2018 Jul;48(7):e12961. Abstract

22. Davoudi Z, Araghi F, Vahedi M, et al. Prolactin Level in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): an approach to the diagnosis and management. Acta Biomed. 2021 Nov 3;92(5):e2021291.Full text  Abstract

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27. Haddad PM, Wieck A. Antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: mechanisms, clinical features and management. Drugs. 2004;64(20):2291-314. Abstract

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29. Molitch ME. Medication-induced hyperprolactinemia. Mayo Clin Proc. 2005 Aug;80(8):1050-7.Full text  Abstract

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31. Coker F, Taylor D. Antidepressant-induced hyperprolactinaemia: incidence, mechanisms and management. CNS Drugs. 2010 Jul;24(7):563-74. Abstract

32. Madhusoodanan S, Parida S, Jimenez C. Hyperprolactinemia associated with psychotropics: a review. Hum Psychopharmacol. 2010 Jun-Jul;25(4):281-97. Abstract

33. Sarkar DK. Hyperprolactinemia following chronic alcohol administration. Front Horm Res. 2010;38:32-41. Abstract

34. Che Soh NAA, Yaacob NM, Omar J, et al. Global prevalence of macroprolactinemia among patients with hyperprolactinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 6;17(21):8199.Full text  Abstract

35. Kasum M, Orešković S, Čehić E, et al. Laboratory and clinical significance of macroprolactinemia in women with hyperprolactinemia. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Dec;56(6):719-24.Full text  Abstract

36. De Schepper J, Schiettecatte J, Velkeniers B, et al. Clinical and biological characterization of macroprolactinemia with and without prolactin-IgG complexes. Eur J Endocrinol. 2003 Sep;149(3):201-7.Full text  Abstract

37. Leanos A, Pascoe D, Fraga A, et al. Anti-prolactin autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with associated hyperprolactinemia. Lupus. 1998;7(6):398-403. Abstract

38. Vallette-Kasic S, Morange-Ramos I, Selim A, et al. Macroprolactinemia revisited: a study on 106 patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Feb;87(2):581-8.Full text  Abstract

39. Saleem M, Martin H, Coates P. Prolactin biology and laboratory measurement: an update on physiology and current analytical issues. Clin Biochem Rev. 2018 Feb;39(1):3-16.Full text  Abstract

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41. Hattori N, Ikekubo K, Ishihara T, et al. Effects of anti-prolactin autoantibodies on serum prolactin measurements. Eur J Endocrinol. 1994 May;130(5):434-7. Abstract

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44. Biousse V, Newman NJ, Oyesiku NM. Precipitating factors in pituitary apoplexy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2001 Oct;71(4):542-5.Full text  Abstract

45. Maccagnan P, Macedo CL, Kayath MJ, et al. Conservative management of pituitary apoplexy: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Jul;80(7):2190-7. Abstract

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47. Auriemma RS, Pirchio R, Pivonello C, et al. Approach to the patient with prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Aug 18;108(9):2400-23.Full text  Abstract

48. Melmed S, Casanueva FF, Hoffman AR, et al; Endocrine Society. Diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):273-88.Full text  Abstract

49. Petersenn S, Fleseriu M, Casanueva FF, et al. Diagnosis and management of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas: a Pituitary Society international Consensus Statement. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2023 Dec;19(12):722-740.Full text  Abstract

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51. Hammer F, Arlt W. Hypopituitarism [in German]. Internist (Berl). 2004 Jul;45(7):795-811. Abstract

52. Klibanski A, Neer RM, Beitins IZ, et al. Decreased bone density in hyperprolactinemic women. N Engl J Med. 1980 Dec 25;303(26):1511-4. Abstract

53. Biller BM. Hyperprolactinemia. Int J Fertil Womens Med. 1999 Mar-Apr;44(2):74-7. Abstract

54. Fideleff HL, Boquete HR, Sequera A, et al. Peripubertal prolactinomas: clinical presentation and long-term outcome with different therapeutic approaches. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Mar;13(3):261-7. Abstract

55. Serri O, Li L, Mamputu JC, et al. The influences of hyperprolactinemia and obesity on cardiovascular risk markers: effects of cabergoline therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Apr;64(4):366-70. Abstract

56. Arslan MS, Topaloglu O, Sahin M, et al. Preclinical atherosclerosis in patients with prolactinoma. Endocr Pract. 2014 May;20(5):447-51. Abstract

57. Wagner R, Heni M, Linder K, et al. Age-dependent association of serum prolactin with glycaemia and insulin sensitivity in humans. Acta Diabetol. 2014 Feb;51(1):71-8. Abstract

58. Whyte MB, Pramodh S, Srikugan L, et al. Importance of cannulated prolactin test in the definition of hyperprolactinaemia. Pituitary. 2015 Jun;18(3):319-25. Abstract

59. Beda-Maluga K, Pisarek H, Komorowski J, et al. Evaluation of hyperprolactinaemia with the use of the intervals for prolactin after macroforms separation. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2014 Jun;65(3):359-64.Full text  Abstract

60. Hall WA, Luciano MG, Doppman JL, et al. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging in normal human volunteers: occult adenomas in the general population. Ann Intern Med. 1994 May 15;120(10):817-20. Abstract

61. Rand T, Kink E, Sator M, et al. MRI of microadenomas in patients with hyperprolactinaemia. Neuroradiology. 1996 Nov;38(8):744-6. Abstract

62. Biller BM, Luciano A, Crosignani PG, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hyperprolactinemia. J Reprod Med. 1999 Dec;44(12 Suppl):1075-84. Abstract

63. Karavitaki N, Thanabalasingham G, Shore HC, et al. Do the limits of serum prolactin in disconnection hyperprolactinaemia need re-definition? A study of 226 patients with histologically verified non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2006 Oct;65(4):524-9. Abstract

64. Kawaguchi T, Ogawa Y, Tominaga T. Diagnostic pitfalls of hyperprolactinemia: the importance of sequential pituitary imaging. BMC Res Notes. 2014 Aug 20;7:555.Full text  Abstract

65. Giustina A, Barkan A, Casanueva FF, et al. Criteria for cure of acromegaly: a consensus statement. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Feb;85(2):526-9.Full text  Abstract

66. Olukoga AO, Kane JW. Macroprolactinaemia: validation and application of the polyethylene glycol precipitation test and clinical characterization of the condition. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 1999 Jul;51(1):119-26. Abstract